Solitary pulmonary nodule causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Common causes of solitary pulmonary nodule, include: [[tuberculosis]], [[Lung cancer|primary lung cancer]], [[granulomas]], and [[rheumatic disease]].<ref name="pmid2019220">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lillington GA |title=Management of solitary pulmonary nodules |journal=Dis Mon |volume=37 |issue=5 |pages=271–318 |year=1991 |pmid=2019220 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
Common causes of solitary pulmonary nodule include [[tuberculosis]], [[Lung cancer|primary lung cancer]], [[granulomas]], and [[rheumatic disease]]. Solitary pulmonary nodules can be life-threatening if they are [[malignant]] [[neoplasms]], [[cardiopulmonary]] [[Disease|diseases]] and [[infection]], requiring prompt [[diagnosis]] and differentiation from [[benign]] [[Etiology|etiologies]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
:*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Adenocarcinoma ]]
:*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Blastoma]]
*Solitary [[metastasis]]
*[[Breast cancer]]
*Pulmonary sarcoma
*[[Bronchial]] [[adenoma]]
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
*[[Carcinoid tumor]]
*[[Chondroma]]
*[[Gastric cancer]]
*[[Granuloma]]
*[[Hamartoma]]
*[[Hamartomatosis]]
*[[Hemangioma]]
*[[Hematoma]]
*[[Hypernephroma]]
*[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Metastasis]]
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Neurogenic tumor]]
*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Lung cancer|Primary lung cancer]]
*[[Prostate cancer]]
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]]
*[[Sarcoma]]
*[[Seminoma]]
*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]
*[[Thyroid cancer]]
*[[Pulmonary abscess]]
*[[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Pulmonary hamartoma]]
*[[Pulmonary infarction]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Parasitism|Parasite]] [[infection]]


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
Common malignant causes of pulmonary nodule include:<ref name="DDX">Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002: 306-307 ISBN 1591032016 </ref>   
Common [[malignant]] causes of pulmonary nodule include:<ref name="DDX">Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002: 306-307 ISBN 1591032016 </ref>   
 
*[[Lung cancer|Primary lung cancer]]


*Primary lung cancer
:*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
:*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
:*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
:*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Carcinoid tumor]]  
*[[Carcinoid tumor]]  
*Solitary [[metastasis]]
*[[Solitary]] [[metastasis]]
*Pulmonary sarcoma
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]]


Common benign causes of pulmonary nodule include:<ref name="pmid2019220">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lillington GA |title=Management of solitary pulmonary nodules |journal=Dis Mon |volume=37 |issue=5 |pages=271–318 |year=1991 |pmid=2019220 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
Common [[benign]] causes of pulmonary nodule include:<ref name="pmid2019220">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lillington GA |title=Management of solitary pulmonary nodules |journal=Dis Mon |volume=37 |issue=5 |pages=271–318 |year=1991 |pmid=2019220 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


'''Inflammatory'''  
'''Inflammatory'''  
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*[[Pulmonary abscess]]  
*[[Pulmonary abscess]]  
*[[Pneumonia]]  
*[[Pneumonia]]  
:*[[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]]
:*[[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]]
:*[[Nocardia]]l infection  
:*[[Nocardia]]l [[infection]]
:*Parasite infection
:*[[Parasitism|Parasite]] [[infection]]
 
'''Immunological'''  
'''Immunological'''  
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]  
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]  
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*[[Arteriovenous malformation]]
*[[Arteriovenous malformation]]
*[[Hematoma]]  
*[[Hematoma]]  
*[[Infarction]] zone
*Local [[infarction]]
 
'''Miscellaneous '''
'''Miscellaneous '''
*[[Pulmonary sequestration]]
*[[Pulmonary sequestration]]
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{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Arteriovenous malformation]], [[Infarction zone]], [[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]], [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Pulmonary infarction]], [[Varicose pulmonary vein]], [[Vascular]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Arteriovenous malformation]], localized [[infarction]], [[pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary infarction]], [[Varicose vein|varicose]] [[pulmonary vein]], [[vascular]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery]], [[Hemangioma]], [[Hematoma]], [[Non-hodgkin lymphoma]], [[Pulmonary hamartoma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Aneurysm]] of the [[pulmonary artery]], [[hemangioma]], [[hematoma]], [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[pulmonary hamartoma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Adiaspiromycosis]], [[Aspergilloma]], [[Aspergillosis]], [[Berylliosis]], [[Blastomycosis]], [[Bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[Bronchogenic cyst]], [[Coccidioidomycosis]],  [[Cryptococcosis]], [[Cryptococcus neoformans]],  [[Dirofilariasis]], [[Echinococcus granulosus]], [[Endometriosis]], [[Fungal infection]], [[Histoplasmosis]], [[Hydatid cyst]], [[Hystiocytosis x]], [[Lipoid pneumonia]], [[Lung abscess]], [[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]],  [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]], [[Nocardial infection]], [[Nocardiosis]],  [[Parasite infection]], [[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]], [[Pneumonia]], [[Pulmonary abscess]], [[Round pneumonia]], [[Tuberculosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| Adiaspiromycosis, [[Aspergilloma]], [[Aspergillosis]], [[berylliosis]], [[Blastomycosis]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[bronchogenic cyst]], [[Coccidioidomycosis]],  [[Cryptococcosis]], Dirofilariasis, [[Echinococcus granulosus]], [[endometriosis]], [[fungal infection]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[hydatid cyst]], [[Hystiocytosis X]], [[lipoid pneumonia]], [[lung abscess]], [[lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]],  [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]], [[nocardiosis]], [[Parasitism|parasite]] [[infection]], [[pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]], [[pneumonia]], [[pulmonary abscess]], [[round pneumonia]], [[tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery]], [[Arteriovenous malformation]], [[Neurofibroma]], [[Neurogenic tumor]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Aneurysm]] of the [[pulmonary artery]], [[arteriovenous malformation]], [[neurofibroma]], [[neurogenic tumor]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Adenocarcinoma ]], [[Blastoma]], [[Bronchial adenoma]], [[Cancers]], [[Carcinoid tumor]], [[Chondroma]], [[Fibroma]], [[Gastric cancer]], [[Granuloma]], [[Hamartoma]], [[Hamartomatosis]], [[Hemangioma]], [[Hypernephroma]], [[Large cell lung carcinoma]], [[Lung metastases]], [[Lymphoma]], [[Metastasis]], [[Multiple myeloma]], [[Neurofibroma]], [[Neurogenic tumor]],  [[Non-hodgkin lymphoma]], [[Non-small cell lung cancer]], [[Primary lung cancer]], [[Prostate cancer]], [[Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor]],  [[Pulmonary sarcoma]], [[Pulmonary sequestration]], [[Sarcoma]], [[Seminoma]], [[Small cell lung cancer]], [[Solitary metastasis]], [[Squamous cell carcinoma]], [[Thyroid cancer]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Adenocarcinoma]], [[blastoma]], [[bronchial]] [[adenoma]], [[cancers]], [[carcinoid tumor]], [[chondroma]], [[fibroma]], [[gastric cancer]], [[granuloma]], [[hamartoma]], [[hamartomatosis]], [[hemangioma]], [[hypernephroma]], [[Large cell carcinoma of the lung|large cell lung carcinoma]], [[lung]] [[Metastasis|metastases]], [[lymphoma]], [[metastasis]], [[multiple myeloma]], [[neurofibroma]], [[neurogenic tumor]],  [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]], [[non-small cell lung cancer]], [[Lung cancer|primary lung cancer]], [[prostate cancer]], [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] pseudotumor, [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]], [[pulmonary sequestration]], [[sarcoma]], [[seminoma]], [[small cell lung cancer]], [[solitary]] [[metastasis]], [[squamous cell carcinoma]], [[thyroid cancer]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Black lung disease]], [[Bronchial adenoma]], [[Bronchial atresia]], [[Bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[Bronchogenic cyst]], [[Churg-strauss syndrome]], [[Hydatid cyst]], [[Large cell lung carcinoma]], [[Lipoid pneumonia]], [[Localized scar]], [[Localized pleural effusion]], [[Lung abscess]],  [[Lung cavity]], [[Lung metastases]], [[Mucoid impaction]], [[Non-small cell lung cancer]], [[Pleural plaque]], [[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]], [[Pneumonia]], [[Primary lung cancer]], [[Pulmonary abscess]], [[Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]], [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Pulmonary hamartoma]], [[Pulmonary infarction]], [[Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor]],  [[Pulmonary sarcoma]], [[Pulmonary sequestration]], [[Round pneumonia]], [[Rounded atelectasis]], [[Sarcoidosis]], [[Sequestration]], [[Small cell lung cancer]], [[Squamous cell carcinoma]], [[Tuberculosis]], [[Varicose pulmonary vein]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Black lung disease]], [[bronchial]] [[adenoma]], [[bronchial atresia]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[bronchogenic cyst]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[Hydatid cyst]], [[lipoid pneumonia]], localized [[scar]], localized [[pleural effusion]], [[lung abscess]], [[lung]] [[cavity]], [[lung]] [[Metastasis|metastases]], [[Mucus|mucoid]] [[impaction]], [[non-small cell lung cancer]], [[pleural plaque]], [[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]], [[pneumonia]], [[Lung cancer|primary lung cancer]], [[pulmonary abscess]], [[pulmonary arterio-venous malformation]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary hamartoma]], [[pulmonary infarction]], [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] pseudotumor, [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]], [[pulmonary sequestration]], [[round pneumonia]], rounded [[atelectasis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[Pulmonary sequestration|sequestration]], [[small cell lung cancer]], [[squamous cell carcinoma]], [[tuberculosis]], [[Varicose vein|varicose]] [[pulmonary vein]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyloidosis]], [[Churg-strauss syndrome]], [[Fibroma]], [[Granuloma]],  [[Immunological]],  [[Progressive massive fibrosis]],  [[Rheumatoid arthritis]],  [[Rheumatoid disease]],  [[Rheumatoid nodule]],  [[Sarcoidosis]],  [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyloidosis]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[fibroma]], [[granuloma]],  [[immunological]],  [[progressive massive fibrosis]],  [[rheumatoid arthritis]],  [[rheumatoid disease]],  [[rheumatoid nodule]],  [[sarcoidosis]],  [[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Foreign body]], [[Localized scar]], [[Lung cavity]], [[Rounded atelectasis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Foreign body]], localized [[scar]], [[lung]] [[cavity]], rounded [[atelectasis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{columns-list|3|
*[[Adenocarcinoma ]]
*[[Adenocarcinoma ]]
*[[Adiaspiromycosis]]
*Adiaspiromycosis
*[[Amyloid]]
*[[Amyloid]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery]]
*[[Aneurysm]] of the [[pulmonary artery]]
*[[Arteriovenous malformation]]
*[[Arteriovenous malformation]]
*[[Aspergilloma]]
*[[Aspergilloma]]
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*[[Blastomycosis]]
*[[Blastomycosis]]
*[[Breast cancer]]
*[[Breast cancer]]
*[[Bronchial adenoma]]
*[[Bronchial]] [[adenoma]]
*[[Bronchial atresia]]
*[[Bronchial atresia]]
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
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*[[Carcinoid tumor]]
*[[Carcinoid tumor]]
*[[Chondroma]]
*[[Chondroma]]
*[[Churg-strauss syndrome]]
*[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]]
*[[Coccidioidomycosis]]
*[[Coccidioidomycosis]]
*[[Cryptococcosis]]
*[[Cryptococcosis]]
*[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]
*[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]
*[[Dirofilariasis]]
*Dirofilariasis
*[[Echinococcus granulosus]]
*[[Echinococcus granulosus]]
*[[Endometriosis]]
*[[Endometriosis]]
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*[[Hydatid cyst]]
*[[Hydatid cyst]]
*[[Hypernephroma]]
*[[Hypernephroma]]
*[[Hystiocytosis x]]
*[[Hystiocytosis X]]
*[[Immunological]]
*[[Immunological]]
*[[Infarction zone]]
*Local [[infarction]]
*[[Inflammatory]]
*[[Inflammatory]]
*[[Large cell lung carcinoma]]
*[[Large cell carcinoma of the lung]]
*[[Lipoid pneumonia]]
*[[Lipoid pneumonia]]
*[[Localized scar]]
*Localized [[scar]]
*[[Localized pleural effusion]]
*Localized [[pleural effusion]]
*[[Lung abscess]]
*[[Lung abscess]]
*[[Lung cavity]]
*[[Lung]] cavity
*[[Lung metastases]]
*[[Lung]] [[Metastasis|metastases]]
*[[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]]
*[[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Metastasis]]
*[[Metastasis]]
*[[Miscellaneous]]
*[[Mucus|Mucoid]] [[impaction]]
*[[Mucoid impaction]]
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
*[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
*[[Neurofibroma]]
*[[Neurofibroma]]
*[[Neurogenic tumor]]
*[[Neurogenic tumor]]
*[[Nocardial infection]]
*[[Nocardiosis]]
*[[Nocardiosis]]
*[[Non-hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Non-small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Parasite infection]]
*[[Parasitism|Parasite]] [[infection]]
*[[Pleural plaque]]
*[[Pleural plaque]]
*[[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]]
*[[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Primary lung cancer]]
*Primary [[lung cancer]]
*[[Progressive massive fibrosis]]
*[[Progressive massive fibrosis]]
*[[Prostate cancer]]
*[[Prostate cancer]]
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*[[Pulmonary hamartoma]]
*[[Pulmonary hamartoma]]
*[[Pulmonary infarction]]
*[[Pulmonary infarction]]
*[[Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor]]
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] pseudotumor
*[[Pulmonary sarcoma]]
*[[Lung|Pulmonary]] [[sarcoma]]
*[[Pulmonary sequestration]]
*[[Pulmonary sequestration]]
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
*[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
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*[[Rheumatoid nodule]]
*[[Rheumatoid nodule]]
*[[Round pneumonia]]
*[[Round pneumonia]]
*[[Rounded atelectasis]]
*Rounded [[atelectasis]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Sarcoma]]
*[[Sarcoma]]
*[[Seminoma]]
*[[Seminoma]]
*[[Sequestration]]
*[[Pulmonary sequestration|Sequestration]]
*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Small cell lung cancer]]
*[[Solitary metastasis]]
*[[Solitary]] [[metastasis]]
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]
*[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]
*[[Thyroid cancer]]
*[[Thyroid cancer]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Varicose pulmonary vein]]
*[[Varicose vein|Varicose]] [[pulmonary vein]]
*[[Vascular]]
*[[Vascular]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]

Latest revision as of 14:50, 28 June 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Common causes of solitary pulmonary nodule include tuberculosis, primary lung cancer, granulomas, and rheumatic disease. Solitary pulmonary nodules can be life-threatening if they are malignant neoplasms, cardiopulmonary diseases and infection, requiring prompt diagnosis and differentiation from benign etiologies.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Common malignant causes of pulmonary nodule include:[1]

Common benign causes of pulmonary nodule include:[2]

Inflammatory

Immunological

Vascular

Miscellaneous

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Arteriovenous malformation, localized infarction, pulmonary arterio-venous malformation, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, varicose pulmonary vein, vascular
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Thyroid cancer
Environmental Black lung disease
Gastroenterologic Gastric cancer
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery, hemangioma, hematoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pulmonary hamartoma
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Adiaspiromycosis, Aspergilloma, Aspergillosis, berylliosis, Blastomycosis, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchogenic cyst, Coccidioidomycosis, Cryptococcosis, Dirofilariasis, Echinococcus granulosus, endometriosis, fungal infection, histoplasmosis, hydatid cyst, Hystiocytosis X, lipoid pneumonia, lung abscess, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, nocardiosis, parasite infection, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, round pneumonia, tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Multiple myeloma
Neurologic Aneurysm of the pulmonary artery, arteriovenous malformation, neurofibroma, neurogenic tumor
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic Breast cancer
Oncologic Adenocarcinoma, blastoma, bronchial adenoma, cancers, carcinoid tumor, chondroma, fibroma, gastric cancer, granuloma, hamartoma, hamartomatosis, hemangioma, hypernephroma, large cell lung carcinoma, lung metastases, lymphoma, metastasis, multiple myeloma, neurofibroma, neurogenic tumor, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, primary lung cancer, prostate cancer, pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor, pulmonary sarcoma, pulmonary sequestration, sarcoma, seminoma, small cell lung cancer, solitary metastasis, squamous cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Black lung disease, bronchial adenoma, bronchial atresia, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchogenic cyst, Churg-Strauss syndrome, Hydatid cyst, lipoid pneumonia, localized scar, localized pleural effusion, lung abscess, lung cavity, lung metastases, mucoid impaction, non-small cell lung cancer, pleural plaque, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonia, primary lung cancer, pulmonary abscess, pulmonary arterio-venous malformation, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hamartoma, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor, pulmonary sarcoma, pulmonary sequestration, round pneumonia, rounded atelectasis, sarcoidosis, sequestration, small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, tuberculosis, varicose pulmonary vein, Wegener's granulomatosis
Renal/Electrolyte Hypernephroma
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Amyloidosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, fibroma, granuloma, immunological, progressive massive fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid disease, rheumatoid nodule, sarcoidosis, Wegener's granulomatosis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Foreign body, localized scar, lung cavity, rounded atelectasis
Urologic Prostate cancer
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

}}

References

  1. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002: 306-307 ISBN 1591032016
  2. ↑ Lillington GA (1991). "Management of solitary pulmonary nodules". Dis Mon. 37 (5): 271–318. PMID 2019220.

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