Heat stroke primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Heat stroke}} | {{Heat stroke}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{USAMA}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The primary prevention strategies for both classic and exertional heat stroke include acclimatization to the heat, appropriate scheduling of outdoor activities, staying well hydrated, minimizing physical activity, spending more time indoors and increasing consumption of salty foods.<ref name="pmid25880507">{{cite journal| author=Leon LR, Bouchama A| title=Heat stroke. | journal=Compr Physiol | year= 2015 | volume= 5 | issue= 2 | pages= 611-47 | pmid=25880507 | doi=10.1002/cphy.c140017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25880507 }} </ref> | The [[primary prevention]] strategies for both classic and exertional heat stroke include [[acclimatization]] to the heat, appropriate scheduling of outdoor activities, staying well [[hydrated]], minimizing physical activity, spending more time indoors and increasing consumption of salty foods.<ref name="pmid25880507">{{cite journal| author=Leon LR, Bouchama A| title=Heat stroke. | journal=Compr Physiol | year= 2015 | volume= 5 | issue= 2 | pages= 611-47 | pmid=25880507 | doi=10.1002/cphy.c140017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25880507 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20192104">{{cite journal| author=Tingen MS, Andrews JO, Stevenson AW| title=Primary and secondary tobacco prevention in youth. | journal=Annu Rev Nurs Res | year= 2009 | volume= 27 | issue= | pages= 171-93 | pmid=20192104 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20192104 }} </ref> | ||
==Primary Prevention== | ==Primary Prevention== | ||
The primary prevention strategies for both classic and exertional heat stroke include:<ref name="pmid25880507">{{cite journal| author=Leon LR, Bouchama A| title=Heat stroke. | journal=Compr Physiol | year= 2015 | volume= 5 | issue= 2 | pages= 611-47 | pmid=25880507 | doi=10.1002/cphy.c140017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25880507 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17698676">{{cite journal| author=Bouchama A, Dehbi M, Mohamed G, Matthies F, Shoukri M, Menne B| title=Prognostic factors in heat wave related deaths: a meta-analysis. | journal=Arch Intern Med | year= 2007 | volume= 167 | issue= 20 | pages= 2170-6 | pmid=17698676 | doi=10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17698676 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12075060">{{cite journal| author=Bouchama A, Knochel JP| title=Heat stroke. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2002 | volume= 346 | issue= 25 | pages= 1978-88 | pmid=12075060 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra011089 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12075060 }} </ref> | The [[primary prevention]] strategies for both classic and exertional heat stroke include:<ref name="pmid25880507">{{cite journal| author=Leon LR, Bouchama A| title=Heat stroke. | journal=Compr Physiol | year= 2015 | volume= 5 | issue= 2 | pages= 611-47 | pmid=25880507 | doi=10.1002/cphy.c140017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25880507 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17698676">{{cite journal| author=Bouchama A, Dehbi M, Mohamed G, Matthies F, Shoukri M, Menne B| title=Prognostic factors in heat wave related deaths: a meta-analysis. | journal=Arch Intern Med | year= 2007 | volume= 167 | issue= 20 | pages= 2170-6 | pmid=17698676 | doi=10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17698676 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12075060">{{cite journal| author=Bouchama A, Knochel JP| title=Heat stroke. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2002 | volume= 346 | issue= 25 | pages= 1978-88 | pmid=12075060 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra011089 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12075060 }} </ref> | ||
*Acclimatization to the heat | *[[Acclimatization]] to the heat | ||
*Appropriate scheduling of outdoor activities | *Appropriate scheduling of outdoor activities | ||
**Plan activities at relatively less hot hours of the day | **Plan activities at relatively less hot hours of the day | ||
**If necessary, minimize the time of activities during hot hours | **If necessary, minimize the time of activities during hot hours | ||
*Stay well hydrated | *Stay well [[hydrated]] | ||
*Minimizing physical activity | *Minimizing physical activity | ||
*Spend more time indoors | *Spend more time indoors | ||
Latest revision as of 15:52, 6 June 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2]
Overview
The primary prevention strategies for both classic and exertional heat stroke include acclimatization to the heat, appropriate scheduling of outdoor activities, staying well hydrated, minimizing physical activity, spending more time indoors and increasing consumption of salty foods.[1][2]
Primary Prevention
The primary prevention strategies for both classic and exertional heat stroke include:[1][3][4]
- Acclimatization to the heat
- Appropriate scheduling of outdoor activities
- Plan activities at relatively less hot hours of the day
- If necessary, minimize the time of activities during hot hours
- Stay well hydrated
- Minimizing physical activity
- Spend more time indoors
- Increase consumption of salty foods
- Recognition and treatment of milder heat symptoms
- Using umbrella to avoid direct sun exposure
- Do not leave children in the car unattended
- Large gatherings must only be planned in well aerated, open and air conditioned halls
- Use of air conditioning and air coolers
- Sportsmen should adjust their practice sessions and use more fluids
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Leon LR, Bouchama A (2015). "Heat stroke". Compr Physiol. 5 (2): 611–47. doi:10.1002/cphy.c140017. PMID 25880507.
- ↑ Tingen MS, Andrews JO, Stevenson AW (2009). "Primary and secondary tobacco prevention in youth". Annu Rev Nurs Res. 27: 171–93. PMID 20192104.
- ↑ Bouchama A, Dehbi M, Mohamed G, Matthies F, Shoukri M, Menne B (2007). "Prognostic factors in heat wave related deaths: a meta-analysis". Arch Intern Med. 167 (20): 2170–6. doi:10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009. PMID 17698676.
- ↑ Bouchama A, Knochel JP (2002). "Heat stroke". N Engl J Med. 346 (25): 1978–88. doi:10.1056/NEJMra011089. PMID 12075060.