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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
| ==Pathophysiology== | | ==Pathophysiology== |
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| ===Background on pituitary gland blood supply===
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| *In order to understand the pathophysiology of hypopituitarism, it is necessary to know the blood supply of the pituitary as the disease occurs mainly by ischemia through different mechanisms like hemorrhage, tumors or brain injury.<ref name="pmid18481181">{{cite journal| author=Dusick JR, Wang C, Cohan P, Swerdloff R, Kelly DF| title=Pathophysiology of hypopituitarism in the setting of brain injury. | journal=Pituitary | year= 2012 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 2-9 | pmid=18481181 | doi=10.1007/s11102-008-0130-6 | pmc=4170072 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18481181 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17467517">{{cite journal| author=Schneider HJ, Aimaretti G, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Stalla GK, Ghigo E| title=Hypopituitarism. | journal=Lancet | year= 2007 | volume= 369 | issue= 9571 | pages= 1461-70 | pmid=17467517 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60673-4 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17467517 }} </ref> | |
| *Pituitary gland is composed of two parts anterior (adenohypophysis) and posterior (neurohypophysis). Both parts are supplied by the carotid arteries. | |
| *Adenohypophysis: It receives blood supply from the long and short hypophyseal arteries which arise from the internal carotid artery and the anterior of circle of willis.
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| *Neurohypophysis: It receives the blood supply from the inferior and middle hypophyseal arteries.
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| [[Image: Gray1180.png|500 px|center]]
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| ===Pathogenesis===
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| *Hypopituitarism pathogenesis is mainly due to destruction of the gland cells by different ways like ischemia, inflammation or infiltration.<ref name="pmid12675508">{{cite journal| author=Arafah BM| title=Medical management of hypopituitarism in patients with pituitary adenomas. | journal=Pituitary | year= 2002 | volume= 5 | issue= 2 | pages= 109-17 | pmid=12675508 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12675508 }} </ref>
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| {{Reflist|2}} | | {{Reflist|2}} |