Chronic diarrhea physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Some of the physical findings of chronic diarrhea are [[orthostatic hypotension]], [[dehydration]], [[neuropathy]], [[muscle wasting]], [[edema]], [[malnutrition]], [[urticaria pigmentosa]], [[dermatographism]], pinch purpura, [[macroglossia]], [[hyperpigmentation]], [[Addison's | Some of the physical findings of chronic [[diarrhea]] are [[orthostatic hypotension]], [[dehydration]], [[neuropathy]], [[muscle wasting]], [[edema]], [[malnutrition]], [[urticaria pigmentosa]], [[dermatographism]], pinch [[purpura]], [[macroglossia]], [[hyperpigmentation]], [[Addison's disease]], and migratory [[necrotizing]] [[erythema]]. | ||
==Physical examination== | ==Physical examination== | ||
There are several features that can be identified on the physical examination of a [[patient]] with [[chronic diarrhea]]. These features can help to identify the cause and management of the [[disease]].<ref name="Schiller2012">{{cite journal|last1=Schiller|first1=Lawrence R.|title=Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea|journal=Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology|volume=26|issue=5|year=2012|pages=551–562|issn=15216918|doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.011}}</ref> | |||
===Appearance of the patient=== | ===Appearance of the patient=== | ||
* Patient appears [[Ill feeling|ill]], [[lethargic]] | * Patient may appears [[Ill feeling|ill]], [[lethargic]], or [[dehydrated]] depending on the severity of the underlying disease. | ||
===Vital Signs=== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
* [[Orthostasis]] | * [[Orthostasis]] | ||
* [[Hypotension]] | |||
* [[ | |||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
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* [[Urticaria pigmentosa]] | * [[Urticaria pigmentosa]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Dermatographism]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Hyperpigmentation]] seen with [[Addison's disease]] | ||
* | * [[Dermatitis herpetiformis]] seen with [[celiac disease]] | ||
* [[ | * Migratory [[necrotizing]] [[erythema]] seen with [[glucagonoma]] | ||
* [[Flushing]] seen with [[carcinoid syndrome]] | |||
===Neck=== | ===Neck=== | ||
* [[Thyroid nodule]] | * [[Thyroid nodule]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Lymphadenopathy]] in case of [[hyperthyroidism]] | ||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
* [[ | * [[Wheezing]] in [[carcinoid syndrome]] | ||
===Heart=== | ===Heart=== | ||
* [[Heart murmur]] in [[ | * [[Heart murmur]] in [[hyperthyroidism]] and [[carcinoid syndrome]] | ||
===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
* [[Hepatomegaly]] | * [[Hepatomegaly]] | ||
* | * [[Abdominal bruit]] | ||
===Genitourinary=== | ===Genitourinary=== | ||
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{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | |||
Latest revision as of 20:57, 29 July 2020
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Chronic diarrhea Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
Overview
Some of the physical findings of chronic diarrhea are orthostatic hypotension, dehydration, neuropathy, muscle wasting, edema, malnutrition, urticaria pigmentosa, dermatographism, pinch purpura, macroglossia, hyperpigmentation, Addison's disease, and migratory necrotizing erythema.
Physical examination
There are several features that can be identified on the physical examination of a patient with chronic diarrhea. These features can help to identify the cause and management of the disease.[1]
Appearance of the patient
- Patient may appears ill, lethargic, or dehydrated depending on the severity of the underlying disease.
Vital Signs
Skin
- Hyperpigmentation seen with Addison's disease
- Dermatitis herpetiformis seen with celiac disease
- Migratory necrotizing erythema seen with glucagonoma
- Flushing seen with carcinoid syndrome
Neck
- Thyroid nodule
- Lymphadenopathy in case of hyperthyroidism
Lungs
Heart
Abdomen
Genitourinary
- Anal sphincter weakness
Extremities
- Lid lag seen with hyperthyroidism
Neuromuscular
References
- ↑ Schiller, Lawrence R. (2012). "Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea". Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology. 26 (5): 551–562. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.011. ISSN 1521-6918.