Glucagonoma CT: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Glucagonoma}} | {{Glucagonoma}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{PSD}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{PSD}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Findings on abdominal CT scan suggestive of glucagonoma include a reinforced mass in the arterial phase of the enhanced CT scan. Symptomatic but | Findings on abdominal CT scan suggestive of glucagonoma include a reinforced mass in the [[Arterial|arterial phase]] of the [[CT scan|enhanced CT scan]]. Symptomatic but non functioning glucagonomas are usually large (>3 cm) at the time of diagnosis. | ||
==CT== | ==CT== | ||
The [[CT scan]] findings associated with glucagonoma include:<ref name="pmid25789004">{{cite journal| author=Lv WF, Han JK, Liu X, Wang SC, Pan BO, Xu AO| title=Imaging features of glucagonoma syndrome: A case report and review of the literature. | journal=Oncol Lett | year= 2015 | volume= 9 | issue= 4 | pages= 1579-1582 | pmid=25789004 | doi=10.3892/ol.2015.2930 | pmc=PMC4356379 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25789004 }} </ref><ref name="pmid21067742">{{cite journal| author=Khashab MA, Yong E, Lennon AM, Shin EJ, Amateau S, Hruban RH et al.| title=EUS is still superior to multidetector computerized tomography for detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. | journal=Gastrointest Endosc | year= 2011 | volume= 73 | issue= 4 | pages= 691-6 | pmid=21067742 | doi=10.1016/j.gie.2010.08.030 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21067742 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9423664">{{cite journal| author=Paulson EK, McDermott VG, Keogan MT, DeLong DM, Frederick MG, Nelson RC| title=Carcinoid metastases to the liver: role of triple-phase helical CT. | journal=Radiology | year= 1998 | volume= 206 | issue= 1 | pages= 143-50 | pmid=9423664 | doi=10.1148/radiology.206.1.9423664 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9423664 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9574609">{{cite journal| author=Legmann P, Vignaux O, Dousset B, Baraza AJ, Palazzo L, Dumontier I et al.| title=Pancreatic tumors: comparison of dual-phase helical CT and endoscopic sonography. | journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol | year= 1998 | volume= 170 | issue= 5 | pages= 1315-22 | pmid=9574609 | doi=10.2214/ajr.170.5.9574609 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9574609 }}</ref><ref name="pmid20231629">{{cite journal| author=Wang SC, Parekh JR, Zuraek MB, Venook AP, Bergsland EK, Warren RS et al.| title=Identification of unknown primary tumors in patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases. | journal=Arch Surg | year= 2010 | volume= 145 | issue= 3 | pages= 276-80 | pmid=20231629 | doi=10.1001/archsurg.2010.10 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20231629 }}</ref> | |||
* CT scans are used to determine the location of the [[tumor]], show the [[organs]] nearby, determining the stage of [[cancer]] and in determining whether [[surgery]] is a good treatment option. | |||
* Spiral multi phasic contrast-enhanced CT is recommended. | |||
* [[Sensitivity]] is greater than 80 percent but it is decreased for [[tumors]] smaller than 2 cm. | |||
* With contrast, glucagonomas often enhance with [[iodinated contrast]] during the early [[arterial]] phase with washout during the [[portal vein|portal venous]] imaging phase. | |||
* [[Liver]] [[metastases]] may appear isodense with the [[liver]] on a non-contrasted study. | |||
* [[Symptomatic]] but [[Nonfunctioning adenoma|nonfunctioning]] glucagonomas are usually large (>3 cm) at the time of diagnosis. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Oncology]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:32, 30 May 2019
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Glucagonoma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Glucagonoma CT On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Glucagonoma CT |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]
Overview
Findings on abdominal CT scan suggestive of glucagonoma include a reinforced mass in the arterial phase of the enhanced CT scan. Symptomatic but non functioning glucagonomas are usually large (>3 cm) at the time of diagnosis.
CT
The CT scan findings associated with glucagonoma include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- CT scans are used to determine the location of the tumor, show the organs nearby, determining the stage of cancer and in determining whether surgery is a good treatment option.
- Spiral multi phasic contrast-enhanced CT is recommended.
- Sensitivity is greater than 80 percent but it is decreased for tumors smaller than 2 cm.
- With contrast, glucagonomas often enhance with iodinated contrast during the early arterial phase with washout during the portal venous imaging phase.
- Liver metastases may appear isodense with the liver on a non-contrasted study.
- Symptomatic but nonfunctioning glucagonomas are usually large (>3 cm) at the time of diagnosis.
References
- ↑ Lv WF, Han JK, Liu X, Wang SC, Pan BO, Xu AO (2015). "Imaging features of glucagonoma syndrome: A case report and review of the literature". Oncol Lett. 9 (4): 1579–1582. doi:10.3892/ol.2015.2930. PMC 4356379. PMID 25789004.
- ↑ Khashab MA, Yong E, Lennon AM, Shin EJ, Amateau S, Hruban RH; et al. (2011). "EUS is still superior to multidetector computerized tomography for detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors". Gastrointest Endosc. 73 (4): 691–6. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2010.08.030. PMID 21067742.
- ↑ Paulson EK, McDermott VG, Keogan MT, DeLong DM, Frederick MG, Nelson RC (1998). "Carcinoid metastases to the liver: role of triple-phase helical CT". Radiology. 206 (1): 143–50. doi:10.1148/radiology.206.1.9423664. PMID 9423664.
- ↑ Legmann P, Vignaux O, Dousset B, Baraza AJ, Palazzo L, Dumontier I; et al. (1998). "Pancreatic tumors: comparison of dual-phase helical CT and endoscopic sonography". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 170 (5): 1315–22. doi:10.2214/ajr.170.5.9574609. PMID 9574609.
- ↑ Wang SC, Parekh JR, Zuraek MB, Venook AP, Bergsland EK, Warren RS; et al. (2010). "Identification of unknown primary tumors in patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases". Arch Surg. 145 (3): 276–80. doi:10.1001/archsurg.2010.10. PMID 20231629.