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| {{Template:Xyz (patient information)}} | | {{Template:Esophageal stricture (patient information)}} |
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| '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Xyz|here]]''' | | '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Esophageal stricture|here]]''' |
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} | | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} |
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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
| [[Xyz ]] is a common [[skin]] condition that causes skin redness and irritation. Most people with [[Xyz ]] have thick, red [[skin]] with flaky, silver-white patches called [[Scaling skin|scales]].
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| | ==What are the Symptoms of (Disease name)?== |
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| ==What are the symptoms of Psoriasis?== | | ==What Causes (disease name)?== |
| [[Xyz ]] can appear suddenly or slowly. In many cases, [[Xyz ]] goes away and then flares up again repeatedly over time.
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| * People with [[Xyz ]] have irritated patches of skin. The redness is most often seen on the elbows, knees, and trunk, but it can appear anywhere on the body. For example, there may be flaky patches on the [[scalp]].
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| * The skin patches or dots may be:
| | ==Who is at Highest Risk?== |
| ** [[Itchy]]
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| ** Dry and covered with silver, flaky skin ([[Scaling skin|scales]])
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| ** Pink-red in color (like the color of salmon)
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| ** Raised and thick
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| * Other symptoms may include:
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| ** [[Genital area|Genital]] lesions in males
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| ** [[Joint]] pain or aching ([[psoriatic arthritis]])
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| ** Nail changes, including:
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| ***Nail thickening
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| ***Yellow-brown spots
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| ***Indentation (pitting) on the nail surface
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| ***Separation of the nail from the base
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| * Severe [[Dandruff (Seborrhea)|dandruff]] on the [[scalp]]
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| [[Psoriasis]] may affect any or all parts of the skin. There are five main types of [[psoriasis]]:
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| * [[Erythrodermic psoriasis|Erythrodermic]]:
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| ** The skin redness is very intense and covers a large area.
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| * [[Guttate psoriasis|Guttate]]:
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| ** Small, pink-red spots appear on the [[skin]].
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| * [[Inverse Psoriasis|Inverse]]:
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| ** [[Skin]] redness and irritation occurs in the armpits, [[groin]], and in between overlapping [[skin]].
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| * [[Plaque-type psoriasis|Plaque]]:
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| ** Thick, red patches of [[skin]] are covered by flaky, silver-white [[Scaling skin|scales]].
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| ** This is the most common type of [[psoriasis]].
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| * [[Pustular psoriasis|Pustular]]:
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| ** White [[blisters]] are surrounded by red, irritated [[skin]].
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| ==What causes Psoriasis?==
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| [[Psoriasis]] cannot be spread to others. [[Psoriasis]] seems to be passed down through families. Doctors think it probably occurs when the body's [[immune system]] mistakes healthy cells for dangerous substances. [[Skin]] cells grow deep in the skin and normally rise to the surface about once a month. In persons with [[psoriasis]], this process is too fast (about 2 weeks instead of 4 weeks) and dead skin cells build up on the skin's surface. The following may trigger an attack of [[psoriasis]] or make the condition more difficult to treat:
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| * [[Bacteria]] or [[viral]] infections, including [[strep throat]] and [[upper respiratory infections]]
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| * Dry air or dry skin
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| * Injury to the skin, including cuts, burns, and insect bites
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| * Some medicines, including [[Antimalarial drug|antimalarial drugs]], [[beta-blockers]], and [[lithium]]
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| * [[Stress]]
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| * Too little sunlight
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| * Too much sunlight ([[Sunburn (patient information)|sunburn]])
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| * Too much alcohol
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| In general, [[psoriasis]] may be severe in people who have a weakened [[immune system]]. This may include persons who have:
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| * [[AIDS]]
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| * [[Autoimmune disorders]] (such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]])
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| * Cancer [[chemotherapy]]
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| Up to one-third of people with psoriasis may also have arthritis, a condition known as [[Psoriatic arthritis (patient information)|psoriatic arthritis]].
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| ==Who is at highest risk?== | |
| [[Psoriasis]] is a very common condition. The disorder may affect people of any age, but it most commonly begins between ages 15 and 35.
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| Your doctor will look at your skin. Diagnosis is usually based on what the [[skin]] looks like.
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| Sometimes, a [[skin biopsy]] is done to rule out other possible conditions. If you have [[joint]] pain, your doctor may order [[x-rays]].
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| ==When to seek urgent medical care?==
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| * Call your health care provider if you have [[Symptom|symptoms]] of [[psoriasis]] or if the [[skin]] irritation continues despite treatment.
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| * Tell your doctor if you have [[joint]] pain or fever with your [[psoriasis]] attacks.
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| * If you have symptoms of [[arthritis]], talk to your [[dermatologist]] or [[rheumatologist]].
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| * Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have a severe outbreak that covers all or most of your body.
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| ==Treatment options==
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| The goal of treatment is to control your [[Symptom|symptoms]] and prevent [[Infection|infections]].
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| '''Medical care'''
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| In general, three treatment options are used for patients with psoriasis:
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| * [[Topical]] medications such as lotions, ointments, creams, and shampoos
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| * Body-wide ([[systemic]]) medications, which are pills or injections that affect the whole body, not just the skin
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| * [[Phototherapy]] (which uses light to treat psoriasis)
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| Most cases of psoriasis are treated with medications that are placed directly on the [[skin]] or [[scalp]]:
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| * [[Cortisone]] creams and ointments
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| * Creams or ointments that contain [[coal tar]] or [[anthralin]]
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| * Creams to remove the [[Scaling skin|scaling]] (usually [[salicylic acid]] or [[lactic acid]])
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| * [[Dandruff]] shampoos (over-the-counter or prescription)
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| * [[Moisturizer|Moisturizers]]
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| * [[Prescription medicines]] containing [[vitamin D]] or [[vitamin A]] ([[retinoids]])
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| If you have an [[infection]], your doctor will prescribe [[antibiotics]].
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| '''Self-care'''
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| You may try the following self-care at home:
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| * Oatmeal baths may be soothing and may help to loosen scales. You can use over-the-counter oatmeal bath products or you can mix 1 cup of oatmeal into a tub of warm water.
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| * Sunlight may help your [[Symptom|symptoms]] go away. Be careful not to get [[Sunburn|sunburned]].
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| * Relaxation and antistress techniques may be helpful. The link between stress and flares of psoriasis is not well understood.
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| Some people may choose to have phototherapy.
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| * [[Phototherapy]] is a medical treatment in which your [[skin]] is carefully exposed to ultraviolet light.
| | ==When to Seek Urgent Medical Care?== |
| * [[Phototherapy]] may be given alone or after you take a drug that makes the [[skin]] sensitive to light.
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| * [[Phototherapy]] for [[psoriasis]] can be given as [[UVA radiation|ultraviolet A]] (UVA) or [[UVB radiation|ultraviolet B]] (UVB) light.
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| Persons with very severe [[psoriasis]] may receive medicines to suppress the body's [[immune response]]. These medicines include [[methotrexate]] or [[cyclosporine]]. (Persons who have psoriatic arthritis may also receive these drugs.) [[Retinoids]] such as [[acitretin]] can also be used.
| | ==Treatment Options== |
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| Newer drugs called biologics specifically target the body's [[immune response]], which is thought to play a role in [[psoriasis]]. These [[Drugs (patient information)|drugs]] are used when other treatments do not work. Biologics approved for the treatment of [[psoriasis]] include:
| | ==Where to find Medical Care for (Disease name)?== |
| | Medical care for (disease name) can be found [https://www.google.com/maps/search/hospitals/ here]. |
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| * [[Adalimumab]] ([[Humira]])
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| * [[Alefacept]] ([[Amevive]])
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| * [[Etanercept]] ([[Enbrel]])
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| * [[Infliximab]] ([[Remicade]])
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| * Stelara
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| ==Where to find medical care for Psoriasis?== | | ==What to Expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?== |
| [http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Psoriasis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis]
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| ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
| | ==Possible Complications== |
| [[Psoriasis]] is a life-long condition that can be controlled with treatment. It may go away for a long time and then return. With appropriate treatment, it usually does not affect your general physical health.
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| ==Possible complications== | |
| * [[Arthritis]]
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| * [[Pain]]
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| * Severe [[itching]]
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| * Secondary [[skin]] [[infections]]
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| * Side effects from medicines used to treat [[psoriasis]]
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| * [[Skin cancer]] from [[light therapy]]
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| ==Prevention of Psoriasis==
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| There is no known way to prevent [[psoriasis]]. Keeping the skin clean and moist and avoiding your specific [[psoriasis]] triggers may help reduce the number of flare-ups.
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| Doctors recommend daily baths or showers for persons with [[psoriasis]]. Avoid scrubbing too hard, because this can irritate the skin and trigger an attack.
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| ==Sources== | | ==Sources== |
| http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000434.htm | | http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000434.htm |
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| [[Category:Patient information]]
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| [[Category:Overview complete]]
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| [[Category:Template complete]]
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| [[Category:Dermatology]]
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| {{WH}} | | {{WH}} |
| {{WS}} | | {{WS}} |