Barrett's esophagus risk factors: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AMK}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
There are no established risk factors for [disease name].


OR
The most potent [[risk factor]] in the [[development]] of Barrett's Oesophagus is [[chronic]] [[GERD]]. Other [[risk factors]] include [[age]] (>older than 50 years), sex ([[male]]), [[race]] (caucasian), [[hiatal hernia]], elevated [[body mass index]] and intra-abdominal distribution of [[body]] [[fat]].


The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
OR
Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
OR
Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
==Risk factors==
==Risk factors==
* Age: older than 50 years
The followings are the [[risk factors]] for the Barrett's esophagus;
* Sex: male
* [[Age]]: Older than 50 years
* Race: caucasian
* Sex: Male>female<ref name="pmid16221805">{{cite journal| author=Cook MB, Wild CP, Forman D| title=A systematic review and meta-analysis of the sex ratio for Barrett's esophagus, erosive reflux disease, and nonerosive reflux disease. | journal=Am J Epidemiol | year= 2005 | volume= 162 | issue= 11 | pages= 1050-61 | pmid=16221805 | doi=10.1093/aje/kwi325 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16221805  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26414697">{{cite journal| author=Ek WE, Lagergren K, Cook M, Wu AH, Abnet CC, Levine D et al.| title=Polymorphisms in genes in the androgen pathway and risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. | journal=Int J Cancer | year= 2016 | volume= 138 | issue= 5 | pages= 1146-52 | pmid=26414697 | doi=10.1002/ijc.29863 | pmc=4715576 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26414697  }} </ref>
* Other: chronic GERD, hiatal hernia, elevated body mass index, and intra-abdominal distribution of body fat.<ref name="pmid21376940">{{cite journal |author=Spechler SJ, Sharma P, Souza RF, Inadomi JM, Shaheen NJ |title=American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of Barrett's esophagus |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=140 |issue=3 |pages=1084–91 |year=2011 |month=March |pmid=21376940 | |url=}}</ref>
* [[Race]]: Caucasian
 
* [[Other]]:<ref name="pmid10929625">{{cite journal| author=von Schrenck T| title=[Diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett esophagus]. | journal=Zentralbl Chir | year= 2000 | volume= 125 | issue= 5 | pages= 414-23 | pmid=10929625 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10929625  }} </ref><ref name="pmid28336546">{{cite journal| author=Minacapelli CD, Bajpai M, Geng X, Cheng CL, Chouthai AA, Souza R et al.| title=Barrett's metaplasia develops from cellular reprograming of esophageal squamous epithelium due to gastroesophageal reflux. | journal=Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol | year= 2017 | volume= 312 | issue= 6 | pages= G615-G622 | pmid=28336546 | doi=10.1152/ajpgi.00268.2016 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28336546  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17461453">{{cite journal| author=Anderson LA, Watson RG, Murphy SJ, Johnston BT, Comber H, Mc Guigan J et al.| title=Risk factors for Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: results from the FINBAR study. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2007 | volume= 13 | issue= 10 | pages= 1585-94 | pmid=17461453 | doi= | pmc=4146903 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17461453  }} </ref><ref name="pmid19336423">{{cite journal| author=Jacobson BC, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS| title=Body mass index and Barrett's oesophagus in women. | journal=Gut | year= 2009 | volume= 58 | issue= 11 | pages= 1460-6 | pmid=19336423 | doi=10.1136/gut.2008.174508 | pmc=2763036 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19336423  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17681161">{{cite journal| author=Edelstein ZR, Farrow DC, Bronner MP, Rosen SN, Vaughan TL| title=Central adiposity and risk of Barrett's esophagus. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2007 | volume= 133 | issue= 2 | pages= 403-11 | pmid=17681161 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2007.05.026 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17681161  }} </ref><ref name="pmid19161814">{{cite journal| author=Kamat P, Wen S, Morris J, Anandasabapathy S| title=Exploring the association between elevated body mass index and Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 2009 | volume= 87 | issue= 2 | pages= 655-62 | pmid=19161814 | doi=10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.08.003 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19161814  }} </ref><ref name="pmid21376940">{{cite journal |author=Spechler SJ, Sharma P, Souza RF, Inadomi JM, Shaheen NJ |title=American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of Barrett's esophagus |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=140 |issue=3 |pages=1084–91 |year=2011 |month=March |pmid=21376940 | |url=}}</ref>  
==Risk Factors==
** Chronic [[GERD]]
 
** Hiatal hernia
*The most potent risk factor in the development of [Barretts's Esophagus] is [chronic GERD]. Other risk factors include Age>50 years, Sex (males>females), Race(Caucasian more than other races), elevated body mass index, intra-abdominal distribution of body fat and hiatal hernia.
** Elevated [[body mass index]]  
 
** Intra-abdominal distribution of [[body]] [[fat]]
*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
===Common Risk Factors===
*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
**[Risk factor 1]
**[Risk factor 2]
**[Risk factor 3]


===Less Common Risk Factors===
==Protective factors==
*Less common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
*[[Barrett's esophagus]] is less common in [[patients]] having [[Helicobacter pylori]] [[infection]].<ref name="pmid27681974">{{cite journal| author=Whiteman DC, Kendall BJ| title=Barrett's oesophagus: epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical management. | journal=Med J Aust | year= 2016 | volume= 205 | issue= 7 | pages= 317-24 | pmid=27681974 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27681974  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17997357">{{cite journal| author=Rokkas T, Pistiolas D, Sechopoulos P, Robotis I, Margantinis G| title=Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and esophageal neoplasia: a meta-analysis. | journal=Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2007 | volume= 5 | issue= 12 | pages= 1413-7, 1417.e1-2 | pmid=17997357 | doi=10.1016/j.cgh.2007.08.010 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17997357  }} </ref><ref name="pmid19174811">{{cite journal| author=Wang C, Yuan Y, Hunt RH| title=Helicobacter pylori infection and Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | journal=Am J Gastroenterol | year= 2009 | volume= 104 | issue= 2 | pages= 492-500; quiz 491, 501 | pmid=19174811 | doi=10.1038/ajg.2008.37 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19174811  }} </ref>
**[Risk factor 1]
**[Risk factor 2]
**[Risk factor 3]


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 17:14, 21 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amresh Kumar MD [2]

Overview

The most potent risk factor in the development of Barrett's Oesophagus is chronic GERD. Other risk factors include age (>older than 50 years), sex (male), race (caucasian), hiatal hernia, elevated body mass index and intra-abdominal distribution of body fat.

Risk factors

The followings are the risk factors for the Barrett's esophagus;

Protective factors

References

  1. ↑ Cook MB, Wild CP, Forman D (2005). "A systematic review and meta-analysis of the sex ratio for Barrett's esophagus, erosive reflux disease, and nonerosive reflux disease". Am J Epidemiol. 162 (11): 1050–61. doi:10.1093/aje/kwi325. PMID 16221805.
  2. ↑ Ek WE, Lagergren K, Cook M, Wu AH, Abnet CC, Levine D; et al. (2016). "Polymorphisms in genes in the androgen pathway and risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma". Int J Cancer. 138 (5): 1146–52. doi:10.1002/ijc.29863. PMC 4715576. PMID 26414697.
  3. ↑ von Schrenck T (2000). "[Diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett esophagus]". Zentralbl Chir. 125 (5): 414–23. PMID 10929625.
  4. ↑ Minacapelli CD, Bajpai M, Geng X, Cheng CL, Chouthai AA, Souza R; et al. (2017). "Barrett's metaplasia develops from cellular reprograming of esophageal squamous epithelium due to gastroesophageal reflux". Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 312 (6): G615–G622. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00268.2016. PMID 28336546.
  5. ↑ Anderson LA, Watson RG, Murphy SJ, Johnston BT, Comber H, Mc Guigan J; et al. (2007). "Risk factors for Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: results from the FINBAR study". World J Gastroenterol. 13 (10): 1585–94. PMC 4146903. PMID 17461453.
  6. ↑ Jacobson BC, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS (2009). "Body mass index and Barrett's oesophagus in women". Gut. 58 (11): 1460–6. doi:10.1136/gut.2008.174508. PMC 2763036. PMID 19336423.
  7. ↑ Edelstein ZR, Farrow DC, Bronner MP, Rosen SN, Vaughan TL (2007). "Central adiposity and risk of Barrett's esophagus". Gastroenterology. 133 (2): 403–11. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.05.026. PMID 17681161.
  8. ↑ Kamat P, Wen S, Morris J, Anandasabapathy S (2009). "Exploring the association between elevated body mass index and Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Ann Thorac Surg. 87 (2): 655–62. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.08.003. PMID 19161814.
  9. ↑ Spechler SJ, Sharma P, Souza RF, Inadomi JM, Shaheen NJ (2011). "American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on the management of Barrett's esophagus". Gastroenterology. 140 (3): 1084–91. PMID 21376940. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ Whiteman DC, Kendall BJ (2016). "Barrett's oesophagus: epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical management". Med J Aust. 205 (7): 317–24. PMID 27681974.
  11. ↑ Rokkas T, Pistiolas D, Sechopoulos P, Robotis I, Margantinis G (2007). "Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and esophageal neoplasia: a meta-analysis". Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 5 (12): 1413–7, 1417.e1–2. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2007.08.010. PMID 17997357.
  12. ↑ Wang C, Yuan Y, Hunt RH (2009). "Helicobacter pylori infection and Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Am J Gastroenterol. 104 (2): 492–500, quiz 491, 501. doi:10.1038/ajg.2008.37. PMID 19174811.

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