Gastritis causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Gastritis}}
{{Gastritis}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{ARK}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ARK}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
The most common causes of gastritis include [[Helicobacter pylori|H. pylori]] infection, [[alcohol]] consumption, [[cigarette]] [[smoking]],  extended use of [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|NSAIDs]] such as ([[aspirin]], [[Naproxen sodium|naproxen]], [[ibuprofen]]), [[stress]], [[autoimmune]] gastritis, and excessive consumption of coffee and acidic beverages. Less common causes of gastritis include [[cocaine]] addiction, bile reflux, [[Crohn's disease|crohn's disease]], [[Constipation|constipation]], consumption of [[Poison|poisons]] and other [[caustic]] or [[corrosive]] chemical substances, [[Sarcoidosis|sarcoidosis]], [[Radiation therapy|radiation therapy]], [[Chemotherapy|chemotherapy]] drugs, [[Iron supplements|iron]] and [[Potassium chloride|potassium supplements]]; [[stress]] as a result of major surgery, trauma, or other illness; infections caused by viruses such as [[HSV]], [[cytomegalovirus]] (mostly seen in [[immunocompromised]] individuals), [[parasitic infections]], and [[fungal infections]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
The causes may be divided into common and less common causes: <ref name="pmid25996397">{{cite journal| author=| title=Reorganized text. | journal=JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2015 | volume= 141 | issue= 5 | pages= 428 | pmid=25996397 | doi=10.1001/jamaoto.2015.0540 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25996397  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16508284">{{cite journal| author=Franke A, Teyssen S, Singer MV| title=Alcohol-related diseases of the esophagus and stomach. | journal=Dig Dis | year= 2005 | volume= 23 | issue= 3-4 | pages= 204-13 | pmid=16508284 | doi=10.1159/000090167 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16508284  }} </ref><ref name="pmid7293294">{{cite journal| author=Cheli R, Giacosa A, Marenco G, Canepa M, Dante GL, Ghezzo L| title=Chronic gastritis and alcohol. | journal=Z Gastroenterol | year= 1981 | volume= 19 | issue= 9 | pages= 459-63 | pmid=7293294 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7293294  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8728788">{{cite journal| author=Mincis M, Chebli JM, Khouri ST, Mincis R| title=[Ethanol and the gastrointestinal tract]. | journal=Arq Gastroenterol | year= 1995 | volume= 32 | issue= 3 | pages= 131-9 | pmid=8728788 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8728788  }} </ref><ref name="pmid11911358">{{cite journal| author=Nakamura M, Haruma K, Kamada T, Mihara M, Yoshihara M, Sumioka M et al.| title=Cigarette smoking promotes atrophic gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-positive subjects. | journal=Dig Dis Sci | year= 2002 | volume= 47 | issue= 3 | pages= 675-81 | pmid=11911358 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11911358  }} </ref><ref name="pmid11154489">{{cite journal| author=Nakamura M, Haruma K, Kamada T, Mihara M, Yoshihara M, Imagawa M et al.| title=Duodenogastric reflux is associated with antral metaplastic gastritis. | journal=Gastrointest Endosc | year= 2001 | volume= 53 | issue= 1 | pages= 53-9 | pmid=11154489 | doi=10.1067/mge.2001.111385 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11154489  }} </ref><ref name="pmid6055742">{{cite journal| author=Astley CE| title=Gastritis, aspirin, and alcohol. | journal=Br Med J | year= 1967 | volume= 4 | issue= 5577 | pages= 484 | pmid=6055742 | doi= | pmc=1748516 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6055742  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8640692">{{cite journal| author=Ji BT, Chow WH, Yang G, McLaughlin JK, Gao RN, Zheng W et al.| title=The influence of cigarette smoking, alcohol, and green tea consumption on the risk of carcinoma of the cardia and distal stomach in Shanghai, China. | journal=Cancer | year= 1996 | volume= 77 | issue= 12 | pages= 2449-57 | pmid=8640692 | doi=10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19960615)77:12<2449::AID-CNCR6>3.0.CO;2-H | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8640692  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8803564">{{cite journal| author=Laine L| title=Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastropathy. | journal=Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am | year= 1996 | volume= 6 | issue= 3 | pages= 489-504 | pmid=8803564 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8803564  }} </ref><ref name="pmid618156">{{cite journal| author=Lundberg GD, Garriott JC, Reynolds PC, Cravey RH, Shaw RF| title=Cocaine-related death. | journal=J Forensic Sci | year= 1977 | volume= 22 | issue= 2 | pages= 402-8 | pmid=618156 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=618156  }} </ref>
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection
*''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' (''[[H. pylori]]'') infection
*Excessive alcohol consumption (usually results in acute gastritis)
*[[Alcohol abuse|Excessive alcohol consumption]] (usually results in acute gastritis)
*Smoking Cigarettes
*[[Smoking]] cigarettes
*Long term or extended use of NSAIDs leads to the damage of stomach lining
*Long term or extended use of [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|NSAIDs]] ([[aspirin]], [[Naproxen sodium|naproxen]], [[ibuprofen]]) leads to the damage of [[stomach]] lining
*Autoimmune response
*[[Autoimmune]] response
*[[Stress]] resulting in excessive [[gastric acid]] secretion
*Excessive consumption of coffee and acidic beverages
 
===Less Common Causes===
===Less Common Causes===
*Excessive consumption of coffee and acidic beverages
*[[Cocaine addiction]]
*Cocaine addiction
*[[Stress]] resulting in excessive gastric acid secretion
*Consumption of poisons and other caustic or corrosive substances
*Bile reflux
*Bile reflux
*Crohn's disease
*[[Constipation]] (Constant straining and dryness of the colon leads to [[infection]] and [[inflammation]])
*Sarcoidosis
*[[Crohn's disease]]
*Radiation therapies
*Consumption of [[Poison|poisons]] and other [[caustic]] or [[corrosive]] chemical substances
*Chemotherapy drugs
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*Stress as a result of Major surgery or trauma
*[[Radiation therapy]]
*Iron and potassium supplements
*[[Chemotherapy]] drugs
*Stress as a result of Major surgery or trauma or other illness
*[[Iron supplements|Iron]] and [[Potassium chloride|potassium]] supplements
*Infections can be caused by:
*[[Stress]] as a result of major [[surgery]] or [[trauma]] or other [[illness]]
**Viruses such as HSV, Cytomegalovirus (mostly seen in immunocompromised individuals)
*[[Infections]] caused by:
**Parasites
**[[Viruses]] such as [[HSV]], [[cytomegalovirus]] (mostly seen in [[immunocompromised]] individuals)
**Fungus
**[[Parasites]]
**[[Fungi]]


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:82%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:82%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Arterial occlusive disease]], progressive
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" |[[Arterial occlusive disease]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Formaldehyde poisoning]], [[Ethanol]], Chemical irritation Reactive, [[Chaga mushroom]], Carbon Disulfide poisoning, Breynia officinalis poisoning, [[Amnesic shellfish poisoning]], [[Alcohol]]
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Formaldehyde poisoning]], [[Ethanol]], Chemical irritation, reactive, [[Chaga mushroom]], Carbon disulfide poisoning, Breynia officinalis poisoning, [[Amnesic shellfish poisoning]], [[Alcohol]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Aceclofenac]], [[Acetylsalicylic acid]], [[Alendronate]], [[Aloe]], [[Aminopyrine]], [[Aspirin]], [[Benoxaprofen]], [[Bezafibrate]], [[Bromfenac]], Carprofen, [[Cidofovir]], Cinnoxicam, [[Clofibrate]], Clopidrogel, [[Corticosteroids]], [[COX 2 inhibitors]], [[Dexibuprofen]], [[Dexketoprofen]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Diflunisal]], [[Etodolac]], [[Etidronate]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Fenbufen]], [[Fenoprofen]], Flufenamic Acid, [[Flurbiprofen]], [[Heparin]], [[ibandronate]], [[Ibuprofen]], [[Indobufen]], [[Indomethacin]], [[Ixabepilone]], [[Ketoprofen]], [[Ketorolac]], [[Leflunomide]], [[Meclofenamate]], [[Mefenamic acid]], [[Meloxicam]], [[Mofebutazone]], [[Mycophenolic acid]], [[Nabilone]], [[Nabumetone]], [[Naproxen]], [[Naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium]], [[Nepafenac]], [[Nimesulide]], [[NSAIDs]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxyphenbutazone]], [[Pentamidine Isethionate]], [[Pergolide]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Piroxicam]], [[Sertraline]], [[Sodium salicylate]], [[Sorafenib]], [[SSRI]], [[Sulindac]], [[Spironolactone]][[Tenoxicam]], [[Tiagabine]], [[Tiaprofenic acid]], [[Ticlopidine]], [[Tiludronate]], [[Tolmetin]], [[Topiramate]], [[Warfarin]]
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Aceclofenac]], [[Acetylsalicylic acid]], [[Alendronate]], [[Aloe]], [[Aminopyrine]], [[Aspirin]], [[Benoxaprofen]], [[Bezafibrate]], [[Bromfenac]], [[Carprofen]], [[Cidofovir]], Cinnoxicam, [[Clofibrate]], [[Clopidogrel]], [[Corticosteroids]], [[COX-2 inhibitor|COX 2 inhibitors]], [[Dexibuprofen]], [[Dexketoprofen]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Diflunisal]], [[Etodolac]], [[Etidronate]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Fenbufen]], [[Fenoprofen]], [[Flufenamic acid]], [[Flurbiprofen]], [[Heparin]], [[ibandronate]], [[Ibuprofen]], [[Indobufen]], [[Indomethacin]], [[Ixabepilone]], [[Ketoprofen]], [[Ketorolac]], [[Leflunomide]], [[Meclofenamate]], [[Mefenamic acid]], [[Meloxicam]], [[Mofebutazone]], [[Mycophenolic acid]], [[Nabilone]], [[Nabumetone]], [[Naproxen]], [[Naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium]], [[Nepafenac]], [[Nimesulide]], [[NSAIDs]], [[Oxaprozin]], [[Oxyphenbutazone]], [[Pentamidine Isethionate]], [[Pergolide]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Piroxicam]], [[Sertraline]], [[Sodium salicylate]], [[Sorafenib]], [[SSRI]], [[Sulindac]], [[Spironolactone]][[Tenoxicam]], [[Tiagabine]], [[Tiaprofenic acid]], [[Ticlopidine]], [[Tiludronate]], [[Tolmetin]], [[Topiramate]], [[Warfarin]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-  
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Excessive [[Gastrin]]
| bgcolor="Beige" |Excessive [[gastrin]]
|-  
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Peptic ulcer disease]], Metaplastic [[Gastritis]], Lymphocytic [[gastritis]], Isolated granulomatous [[gastritis]], Idiopathic Isolated granulomatous, [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[Gastroenteritis]], [[Gastric Anacidity]], Eosinophilic [[gastritis]], [[Crohn's disease]], Chronic bile reflux, [[Celiac disease]]-associated, [[Bile]] Reflux, [[Achlorhydria]]
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Peptic ulcer disease]], [[Metaplastic]] gastritis, [[Lymphocytic]] [[gastritis]], Isolated [[granulomatous]] [[gastritis]], Idiopathic Isolated [[granulomatous]], [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[Gastroenteritis]], [[Gastric Anacidity]], [[Eosinophilic]] [[gastritis]], [[Crohn's disease]], Chronic bile reflux, [[Celiac disease]]-associated, [[Bile]] reflux, [[Achlorhydria]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Postoperative Alkaline [[Gastritis]], Postantrectomy [[atrophic gastritis]], Major [[surgery]], Adjustable gastric band
| bgcolor="Beige" |Postoperative alkaline [[Gastritis]], Postantrectomy [[atrophic gastritis]], Major [[surgery]], Adjustable gastric band
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Viruses]], [[Syphilis]], Severe infections, [[Salmonella infection]], [[Parasites]], [[Mycobacterial infection]],[[Helicobacter pylori]], Helicobacter heilmannii, [[Fungi]], [[Escherichia coli infection]], [[Bacteria]] (other than H. pylori) Phlegmonous
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Viruses]], [[Syphilis]], Severe infections, [[Salmonella infection]], [[Parasites]], [[Mycobacterial infection]],[[Helicobacter pylori]], Helicobacter heilmannii, [[Fungi]], [[Escherichia coli infection]], [[Bacteria]] (other than H. pylori) Phlegmonous
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Vitamin B12 deficiency]], [[Pernicious anemia]]-associated, [[megaloblastic anemia ]], [[Intrinsic factor]] deficiency, [[Gluten-sensitive enteropathy]] associated conditions, Food sensitivity, Fatty food, Excessive caffeine and tea, Eating spicy food, Acidic foods
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Vitamin B12 deficiency]], [[Pernicious anemia]]-associated, [[megaloblastic anemia ]] , [[Intrinsic factor]] deficiency, [[Gluten-sensitive enteropathy]] associated conditions, Food sensitivity, Fatty food, Excessive caffeine and tea, Eating spicy food, Acidic foods
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Stomach cancer]], [[Esophageal cancer]]
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Stomach cancer]], [[Esophageal cancer]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Wegener's granulomatosis]], [[Sarcoidosis]], [[Autoimmune]] digestive disorders, [[Atrophic gastritis]], [[ vasculitides]] Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Wegener's granulomatosis]], [[Sarcoidosis]], [[Autoimmune]] digestive disorders, [[Atrophic gastritis]], [[ vasculitides]] Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|Traumatic injury
| bgcolor="Beige" |Traumatic injury
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Smoking]], [[Sedentary lifestyle]], Phlegmonous [[gastritis]], [[Ménétrier's disease]], Foreign substances, [[Food poisoning]], [[Food allergy]], [[Burns]]
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Smoking]], [[Sedentary lifestyle]], Phlegmonous [[gastritis]], [[Ménétrier's disease]], Foreign substances, [[Food poisoning]], [[Food allergy]], [[Burns]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
Line 159: Line 162:
*[[Aspirin]]
*[[Aspirin]]
*[[Atrophic gastritis]]
*[[Atrophic gastritis]]
*Autoimmune digestive disorders
*[[Autoimmune]] digestive disorders
*Bacteria (other than H. pylori) Phlegmonous
*Bacteria (other than H. pylori)
*[[Benoxaprofen]]
*[[Benoxaprofen]]
*[[Bezafibrate]]
*[[Bezafibrate]]
*Bile Reflux
*[[Bile]] reflux
*Breynia officinalis [[poisoning ]]
*Breynia officinalis [[poisoning]]
*[[Bromfenac]]
*[[Bromfenac]]
*[[Burns]]
*[[Burns]]
Line 172: Line 175:
*[[Celiac disease]]-associated
*[[Celiac disease]]-associated
*[[Chaga mushroom]]
*[[Chaga mushroom]]
*Chemical irritation Reactive
*Chemical irritation
*Chronic bile reflux
*Chronic bile reflux
*[[Cidofovir]]
*[[Cidofovir]]
*Cinnoxicam
*Cinnoxicam
*[[Clofibrate]]
*[[Clofibrate]]
*Clopidrogel
*[[Clopidogrel]]
*[[Corticosteroids]]
*[[Corticosteroids]]
*[[COX 2]] inhibitors
*[[COX 2]] inhibitors
Line 186: Line 189:
*[[Diflunisal]]
*[[Diflunisal]]
*Eating spicy food
*Eating spicy food
*Eosinophilic [[gastritis]]
*[[Eosinophilic]] [[gastritis]]
*[[Escherichia coli infection]]
*[[Escherichia coli infection]]
*[[Esophageal cancer]]
*[[Esophageal cancer]]
Line 208: Line 211:
*[[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
*[[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
*[[Gluten-sensitive enteropathy associated conditions]]
*[[Gluten-sensitive enteropathy associated conditions]]
*Helicobacter heilmannii
*''Helicobacter heilmannii''
*[[Helicobacter pylori]]
*''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''
*[[Heparin]]
*[[Heparin]]
*[[Ibuprofen]]
*[[Ibuprofen]]
Line 227: Line 230:
*[[Meloxicam]]
*[[Meloxicam]]
*[[Ménétrier's disease]]
*[[Ménétrier's disease]]
*Metaplastic [[Gastritis]]
*[[Metaplastic]] [[Gastritis]]
*[[Mofebutazone]]
*[[Mofebutazone]]
*[[Mycobacterial infection]]
*[[Mycobacterial infection]]
Line 267: Line 270:
*[[Tolmetin]]
*[[Tolmetin]]
*Traumatic injury
*Traumatic injury
*[[vasculitides]]
*[[Vasculitides]]
*[[Viruses]]
*[[Viruses]]
*[[Vitamin B12 deficiency]]
*[[Vitamin B12 deficiency]]
*[[Warfarin]]
*[[Warfarin]]
*Wegener's granulomatosis
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
}}
}}


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{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Needs content]]
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[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
 
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]

Latest revision as of 21:49, 29 July 2020

Gastritis Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

The most common causes of gastritis include H. pylori infection, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, extended use of NSAIDs such as (aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen), stress, autoimmune gastritis, and excessive consumption of coffee and acidic beverages. Less common causes of gastritis include cocaine addiction, bile reflux, crohn's disease, constipation, consumption of poisons and other caustic or corrosive chemical substances, sarcoidosis, radiation therapy, chemotherapy drugs, iron and potassium supplements; stress as a result of major surgery, trauma, or other illness; infections caused by viruses such as HSV, cytomegalovirus (mostly seen in immunocompromised individuals), parasitic infections, and fungal infections.

Causes

The causes may be divided into common and less common causes: [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

Common Causes

Less Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Arterial occlusive disease
Chemical/Poisoning Formaldehyde poisoning, Ethanol, Chemical irritation, reactive, Chaga mushroom, Carbon disulfide poisoning, Breynia officinalis poisoning, Amnesic shellfish poisoning, Alcohol
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Aceclofenac, Acetylsalicylic acid, Alendronate, Aloe, Aminopyrine, Aspirin, Benoxaprofen, Bezafibrate, Bromfenac, Carprofen, Cidofovir, Cinnoxicam, Clofibrate, Clopidogrel, Corticosteroids, COX 2 inhibitors, Dexibuprofen, Dexketoprofen, Diclofenac, Diflunisal, Etodolac, Etidronate, Febuxostat, Fenbufen, Fenoprofen, Flufenamic acid, Flurbiprofen, Heparin, ibandronate, Ibuprofen, Indobufen, Indomethacin, Ixabepilone, Ketoprofen, Ketorolac, Leflunomide, Meclofenamate, Mefenamic acid, Meloxicam, Mofebutazone, Mycophenolic acid, Nabilone, Nabumetone, Naproxen, Naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium, Nepafenac, Nimesulide, NSAIDs, Oxaprozin, Oxyphenbutazone, Pentamidine Isethionate, Pergolide, Phenylbutazone, Pramipexole, Piroxicam, Sertraline, Sodium salicylate, Sorafenib, SSRI, Sulindac, SpironolactoneTenoxicam, Tiagabine, Tiaprofenic acid, Ticlopidine, Tiludronate, Tolmetin, Topiramate, Warfarin
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Excessive gastrin
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Peptic ulcer disease, Metaplastic gastritis, Lymphocytic gastritis, Isolated granulomatous gastritis, Idiopathic Isolated granulomatous, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Gastroenteritis, Gastric Anacidity, Eosinophilic gastritis, Crohn's disease, Chronic bile reflux, Celiac disease-associated, Bile reflux, Achlorhydria
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Postoperative alkaline Gastritis, Postantrectomy atrophic gastritis, Major surgery, Adjustable gastric band
Infectious Disease Viruses, Syphilis, Severe infections, Salmonella infection, Parasites, Mycobacterial infection,Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter heilmannii, Fungi, Escherichia coli infection, Bacteria (other than H. pylori) Phlegmonous
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Vitamin B12 deficiency, Pernicious anemia-associated, megaloblastic anemia , Intrinsic factor deficiency, Gluten-sensitive enteropathy associated conditions, Food sensitivity, Fatty food, Excessive caffeine and tea, Eating spicy food, Acidic foods
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Stomach cancer, Esophageal cancer
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Wegener's granulomatosis, Sarcoidosis, Autoimmune digestive disorders, Atrophic gastritis, vasculitides Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Traumatic injury
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Smoking, Sedentary lifestyle, Phlegmonous gastritis, Ménétrier's disease, Foreign substances, Food poisoning, Food allergy, Burns

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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References

  1. ↑ "Reorganized text". JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 141 (5): 428. 2015. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2015.0540. PMID 25996397.
  2. ↑ Franke A, Teyssen S, Singer MV (2005). "Alcohol-related diseases of the esophagus and stomach". Dig Dis. 23 (3–4): 204–13. doi:10.1159/000090167. PMID 16508284.
  3. ↑ Cheli R, Giacosa A, Marenco G, Canepa M, Dante GL, Ghezzo L (1981). "Chronic gastritis and alcohol". Z Gastroenterol. 19 (9): 459–63. PMID 7293294.
  4. ↑ Mincis M, Chebli JM, Khouri ST, Mincis R (1995). "[Ethanol and the gastrointestinal tract]". Arq Gastroenterol. 32 (3): 131–9. PMID 8728788.
  5. ↑ Nakamura M, Haruma K, Kamada T, Mihara M, Yoshihara M, Sumioka M; et al. (2002). "Cigarette smoking promotes atrophic gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-positive subjects". Dig Dis Sci. 47 (3): 675–81. PMID 11911358.
  6. ↑ Nakamura M, Haruma K, Kamada T, Mihara M, Yoshihara M, Imagawa M; et al. (2001). "Duodenogastric reflux is associated with antral metaplastic gastritis". Gastrointest Endosc. 53 (1): 53–9. doi:10.1067/mge.2001.111385. PMID 11154489.
  7. ↑ Astley CE (1967). "Gastritis, aspirin, and alcohol". Br Med J. 4 (5577): 484. PMC 1748516. PMID 6055742.
  8. ↑ Ji BT, Chow WH, Yang G, McLaughlin JK, Gao RN, Zheng W; et al. (1996). "The influence of cigarette smoking, alcohol, and green tea consumption on the risk of carcinoma of the cardia and distal stomach in Shanghai, China". Cancer. 77 (12): 2449–57. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19960615)77:12<2449::AID-CNCR6>3.0.CO;2-H. PMID 8640692.
  9. ↑ Laine L (1996). "Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug gastropathy". Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 6 (3): 489–504. PMID 8803564.
  10. ↑ Lundberg GD, Garriott JC, Reynolds PC, Cravey RH, Shaw RF (1977). "Cocaine-related death". J Forensic Sci. 22 (2): 402–8. PMID 618156.

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