C16orf96: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''C16orf96''', or [[chromosome 16]] [[open reading frame]] 96, is a protein in humans that is encoded by C16orf96 that is found on the 16th chromosome.<ref name="pmid15616553">{{cite journal| author= Martin J. | title= The Sequence and Analysis of Duplication-Rich Human Chromosome 16 | journal= Nature | year= 2004 | pages=988–994 | pmid= 15616553 | doi= 10.1038/nature03187|display-authors=etal | volume=432}}</ref> In Homo sapiens, the protein is 1141 [[amino acids]] in length<ref name="NCBI Protein NP_001138483">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001138483.1 NCBI Protein NP_001138483]</ref>
'''C16orf96''', or [[chromosome 16]] [[open reading frame]] 96, is a protein in humans that is encoded by C16orf96 that is found on the 16th chromosome.<ref name="Martin_2004" /> In Homo sapiens, the protein is 1141 [[amino acids]] in length<ref name="NCBI Protein NP_001138483">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001138483.1 NCBI Protein NP_001138483]</ref>


==Protein==
==Protein==
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===Characteristics===
===Characteristics===
The molecular weight of the processed C16orf96 protein in humans is 125kdal with an isoelectric point of 6.58<ref>[http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=C16orf96 GeneCards C16orf96]</ref> About 9% of the amino acid makeup of C16orf96 is proline, which is significantly higher than an average human gene.<ref>[http://seqtool.sdsc.edu/CGI/BW.cgi#! Biology Workbench: SAPS Tool]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
The molecular weight of the processed C16orf96 protein in humans is 125kdal with an isoelectric point of 6.58<ref>[https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=C16orf96 GeneCards C16orf96]</ref> About 9% of the amino acid makeup of C16orf96 is proline, which is significantly higher than an average human gene.<ref>[http://seqtool.sdsc.edu/CGI/BW.cgi#! Biology Workbench: SAPS Tool]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


===Post Translational Modification===
===Post Translational Modification===
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Strict [[orthologs]] of this gene exist only in [[mammals]]. However, a portion of DUF1387 is found in more distant species back to [[reptiles]].<ref name="NCBI BLAST">NCBI BLAST</ref> No orthologs of this gene can be found in [[plants]], [[fungi]], or [[bacteria]]. Suggesting that this gene is relatively new and evolves quickly.
Strict [[orthologs]] of this gene exist only in [[mammals]]. However, a portion of DUF1387 is found in more distant species back to [[reptiles]].<ref name="NCBI BLAST">NCBI BLAST</ref> No orthologs of this gene can be found in [[plants]], [[fungi]], or [[bacteria]]. Suggesting that this gene is relatively new and evolves quickly.


==Function==
== Function ==
The function of C16orf96 is currently unknown. Studies have cited this gene among many other genes as a possible candidate that has an effect on childhood obesity.<ref name="pmid23251661">{{cite journal |author1=Commuzie AG. |author2=Cole SA. |author3=Laston SL. |author4=Voruganti VS. |author5=Haack K. |author6=Gibbs RA. |author7=Butte NF. | title= Novel Genetic Loci Identified for the Pathophysiology of Childhood Obesity in the Hispanic Population | journal=PLOS ONE | year= 2012 | volume= 7 | issue=12 | pmid=23251661 | doi= 10.1371/journal.pone.0051954 | pages=e51954 | pmc=3522587}}]</ref>
The function of C16orf96 is currently unknown. Studies have cited this gene among many other genes as a possible candidate that has an effect on childhood obesity.<ref name="pmid23251661">{{cite journal | vauthors = Comuzzie AG, Cole SA, Laston SL, Voruganti VS, Haack K, Gibbs RA, Butte NF | title = Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population | journal = PLOS One | volume = 7 | issue = 12 | pages = e51954 | year = 2012 | pmid = 23251661 | pmc = 3522587 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0051954 }}]</ref>


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|refs =


==External links==
<ref name="Martin_2004">{{cite journal | vauthors = Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA | display-authors = 6 | title = The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16 | journal = Nature | volume = 432 | issue = 7020 | pages = 988–94 | date = December 2004 | pmid = 15616553 | doi = 10.1038/nature03187 }}</ref>
 
}}
 
== External links ==
* {{UCSC gene info|C16orf96}}
* {{UCSC gene info|C16orf96}}


[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 16]]
[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 16]]

Latest revision as of 09:08, 10 January 2019

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

C16orf96, or chromosome 16 open reading frame 96, is a protein in humans that is encoded by C16orf96 that is found on the 16th chromosome.[1] In Homo sapiens, the protein is 1141 amino acids in length[2]

Protein

File:C16orf96 Protein Structure.png
The structure of human C16orf96 protein with important regions labeled. The dark grey lines within the proline rich region and the domain of unknown function are nuclear import and export signals, respectively.

Characteristics

The molecular weight of the processed C16orf96 protein in humans is 125kdal with an isoelectric point of 6.58[3] About 9% of the amino acid makeup of C16orf96 is proline, which is significantly higher than an average human gene.[4]

Post Translational Modification

Human C16orf96 has a large amount of predicted phosphorylation sites on serines throughout the protein.[5] C16orf96 also has been found in primates and mammals to have both a nuclear import and export signal[6]

Domains

This gene contains some known domains, such as: an RNA recognition motif, a Merozoite surface protein (MSP-1), a pentapeptide repeat MXKDX, and a domain of unknown function (DUF1387). These domains could give a hint of what the function of this gene is.[2]

Structure

Secondary Structure

The majority of the secondary structure of C16orf96 is alpa-helices with coils being the second most abundant structure.[7]

Tertiary Structure

At this time there is no known tertiary structure for C16orf96.

Cellular Localization

The C16orf96 protein is predicted to be localized in the nucleus 82% of the time and 4.5% of the time in the cytosol and 4.5% of the time in the mitochondria.[8]

Expression

File:Expression of C16orf96 under different HIF depletion.png
Expression of C16orf96 when different hypoxia-inducible factors are reduced

C16orf96 expression is generally low in cells. in situ hybridization experiments suggest that C16orf96 RNA is only expressed in the testis while the EST profile for C16orf96 shows gene expression is low in testis and skin only.[9][10] Expression of the C16orf96 gene is modulated by the depletion of both hypoxia induced factor 1/2α (HIF1/2α). When only one of the factors is depleted expression does not change suggesting that there is redundancy with these two HIF.[11]

Homology

Strict orthologs of this gene exist only in mammals. However, a portion of DUF1387 is found in more distant species back to reptiles.[12] No orthologs of this gene can be found in plants, fungi, or bacteria. Suggesting that this gene is relatively new and evolves quickly.

Function

The function of C16orf96 is currently unknown. Studies have cited this gene among many other genes as a possible candidate that has an effect on childhood obesity.[13]

References

  1. ↑ Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, et al. (December 2004). "The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16". Nature. 432 (7020): 988–94. doi:10.1038/nature03187. PMID 15616553.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NCBI Protein NP_001138483
  3. ↑ GeneCards C16orf96
  4. ↑ Biology Workbench: SAPS Tool[permanent dead link]
  5. ↑ NetPhos 2.0
  6. ↑ NetNES 1.1
  7. ↑ Biology Workbench: PELE Tool
  8. ↑ PSORT II Server
  9. ↑ The Human Protein Atlas of C16orf96
  10. ↑ EST profile Hs.684212
  11. ↑ GeoProfiles ID:40057343
  12. ↑ NCBI BLAST
  13. ↑ Comuzzie AG, Cole SA, Laston SL, Voruganti VS, Haack K, Gibbs RA, Butte NF (2012). "Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population". PLOS One. 7 (12): e51954. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051954. PMC 3522587. PMID 23251661.]

External links

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=C16orf96&oldid=1524387"