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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{Infobox_gene}}Glutamate Rich Protein 5 is a [[protein]] in [[Human|humans]] encoded by the ERICH5 [[gene]], also known as Chromosome 8 open reading frame 47 (C8orf47).


'''Glutamate rich 5''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ERICH5 [[gene]].
== Gene ==
<ref name="entrez">
The ERICH5 gene is located on human [[chromosome 8]] at 8q22.2 and spans 29 kb on the plus strand of the [[DNA]]. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=ERICH5|title=ERICH5 Gene - GeneCards {{!}} ERIC5 Protein {{!}} ERIC5 Antibody|last=Database|first=GeneCards Human Gene|website=www.genecards.org|access-date=2018-05-01}}</ref> ERICH5 contains three [[Exon|exons]] and two [[Intron|introns.]] <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/203111|title=ERICH5 glutamate rich 5 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=2018-05-06}}</ref> ERICH5 is also known as C8orf47 and [[Glutamic acid|Glutamate]] Rich 5.<ref name=":0" /> 
{{cite web
| title = Entrez Gene: Glutamate rich 5
| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/203111
| accessdate = 2016-05-09
}}</ref>


== References ==
== Protein ==
 
=== Isoforms ===
The ERICH5 protein has two [[Protein isoform|isofroms]]. The longest isofrom, isofrom 1, spans 1,550 base pairs and is composed of 374 [[Amino acid|amino acids]]. The second isoform lacks the third and final exon and is 596 base pairs long.<ref name=":1" />
 
=== Domains and motifs ===
ERICH5 contains one conserved domain, a domain of unknown function called DUF4573.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/wrpsb.cgi?seqinput=NP_775820.2|title=NCBI Conserved Domain Search|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref> ERICH5 is predicted to contain two highly conserved motifs, an [[Anaphase-promoting complex|APC/C]] binding motif and the LIG_FHA_2 motif.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elm.eu.org/cgimodel.py?fun=smartResult&userId=QiKTJzhtfX&EXPECT_CUTOFF=100&r=1&bg=on|title=ELM - unknown|website=elm.eu.org|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref> The APC/C motif spans amino acid 222-226 and serves as a binding site for the [[Anaphase-promoting complex|Anaphase- promoting complex.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elm.eu.org/elms/DEG_APCC_KENBOX_2.html|title=ELM - Detail for DEG_APCC_KENBOX_2|website=elm.eu.org|language=en|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref> The LIG_FHA_2 motif is involved in the [[Cell cycle checkpoint|cell checkpoint]] pathway and is found in many proteins localized in the [[Cell nucleus|nucleus]] that regulate [[Cell cycle|cell cycle.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elm.eu.org/elms/LIG_FHA_2.html|title=ELM - Detail for LIG_FHA_2|website=elm.eu.org|language=en|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>
 
=== Post-translational modifications ===
ERICH5 is predicted to undergo several [[Post-translational modification|post translational modifications]] including [[phosphorylation]], [[O-linked glycosylation|O-glycosylation]], and [[SUMO protein|Sumolyation]]. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/cgi-bin/webface2.fcgi?jobid=5AEFA709000046B72B659767&wait=20|title=NetPhos 3.1 Server - prediction results|website=www.cbs.dtu.dk|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/cgi-bin/webface2.fcgi?jobid=5AEFA88F00003BF2A603331A&wait=20|title=NetOGlyc 4.0 Server - prediction results|website=www.cbs.dtu.dk|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sumosp.biocuckoo.org/showResult.php|title=GPS-SUMO: Prediction of SUMOylation Sites & SUMO-interaction Motifs|website=sumosp.biocuckoo.org|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>Many of the phosphorylation sites and O-glycosylation sites were predicted at the same amino acid. The post translational modifications shown are those conserved among ERICH5 [[Homology (biology)|orthologs]]. Several [[Kinase|kinases]] were predicted to phosphorylate ERICH5 including [[Protein kinase C|PKC]], [[Cyclin-dependent kinase 1|cdc2]], [[Casein kinase 1|CKI]], [[Protein kinase A|PKA]], [[DNA-PKcs|DNAPK,]] [[ATM serine/threonine kinase|ATM]], [[Epidermal growth factor receptor|EGFR]], and [[Casein kinase 2|CKII]].<ref name=":2" />
{| class="wikitable"
|Post Translational  Modification
|Amino Acid Location
|-
|Phosphorylation
|S4, S5, S27, S32, S49, T50, S58, S100, T101, T104, T138, S169, S227,  S234, T239,T248, S274, T289, S307,Y320, T340, T346
|-
|O-Glycosylation
|S5,S27, S32, S49, T50, S58, S100, T101, T104, T138, S169, S227, S234,  T239, T248, S274, T289,S307
|-
|Sumolyation
|K121, K131, K211, K251, ,K343, K360
|}
 
=== Secondary structure ===
ERICH5 was predicted to contain three [[alpha helices]] and two [[Beta sheet|beta sheets]] as well as regions of [[Random coil|random coils.]] <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://raptorx.uchicago.edu/StructurePrediction/myjobs/52710164_318537/|title=Result for job ERICH5|website=raptorx.uchicago.edu|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>[[File:ERICH5 secondary structure.png|thumb|ERICH5 Secondary Structure. <ref name=":4" /> ]]
 
[[File:ERICH5 Protein Interactions.png|thumb|ERICH5 protein interactions. <ref name=":3" />]]
 
=== Sub-cellular localization ===
ERICH5 was predicted to be localized in the nucleus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://psort.hgc.jp/cgi-bin/runpsort.pl|title=PSORTII|last=|first=|date=|website=PSORTII|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>
 
=== Protein interactions ===
ERICH5 was predicted to interact with several proteins through [[Two-hybrid screening|yeast two hybrid screening]] and [[Affinity chromatography|affinity chromatography.]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/webservices/psicquic/view/main.xhtml?query=ERICH5|title=PSICQUIC View|last=|first=|date=|website=EMBL-EBI|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> Several of the proteins ERICH5 was predicted to interact with were also localized in the nucleus.<ref name=":3" />
 
== Expression ==
[[File:Normal_Expression_of_ERICH5.png|thumb|Normal expression of ERICH5 in various tissues.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?LinkName=gds_pubmed&from_uid=3113|title=A comprehensive functional analysis of tissue specificity of human gene expression.|last=Dezso|first=Z|date=|website=PubMed|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>]]
 
=== Normal expression ===
ERICH5 shows elevated levels of expression in the [[Liver|fetal liver]], [[Liver|liver,]] [[Pancreas|pancreas,]] and [[retina]] compared to other tissues. 
 
=== Expression in disease ===
[[File:Expression_of_ERICH5_in_Alcoholic_Hepatitis.png|thumb|Expression of ERICH5 in Alcoholic Hepatitis. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?LinkName=gds_pubmed&from_uid=4389|title=Transcriptome analysis identifies TNF superfamily receptors as potential therapeutic targets in alcoholic hepatitis.|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>]]
ERICH5 shows increased expression in [[Alcoholic hepatitis|Alcoholic Hepatitis]]. 


{{reflist}}
== Homology ==


== Further reading ==
=== Paralogs ===
There are no known [[Homology (biology)|paralogs]] of ERICH5. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://useast.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Compara?db=core;g=ENSG00000177459;r=8:98064311-98093610|title=Gene: ERICH5 (ENSG00000177459) - Comparative Genomics - Homo sapiens - Ensembl genome browser 92|website=useast.ensembl.org|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>


{{refbegin | 2}}
=== Orthologs ===
True orthologs of ERICH5 have only been identified among [[Mammal|mammalian]] species. The most distantly related mammalian ortholog is the ''[[Gray short-tailed opossum|Monodelphis domestica]]''  or the Gray Short Tailed Opossum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi|title=BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool|website=blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|Species  Name
|Common Names
|MYA
|% Similarity
|% Identity
|Accession #
|Protein Length
|-
|Acinonyx jubatus
|Cheetah
|96
|71%
|65%
|XP_014937513.1
|358
|-
|Cerathotherium
|White Rhino
|96
|71%
|66%
|XP_004431343.2
|358
|-
|Trichechus manatus latirostris
|Manatee
|105
|68%
|59%
|XP_004370879.3
|342
|-
|Monodelphis
|Gray Short tailed opossum
|159
|40%
|28%
|XP_007488209.1
|478
|}


{{refend}}
=== Distant orthologs ===
ERICH5 has distant orthologs among [[Bird|birds]] and [[Reptile|reptiles.]] These distant orthologs contain only the third exon of ERICH5.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi|title=BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool|website=blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|Species  Name
|Common Name
|MYA
|% Similarity
|% Identity
|Accession #
|Protein Length
|-
|Gallus gallus
|Chicken
|312
|80%
|64%
|XP_004940017.1
|207
|-
|Chysemys picta belli
|Painted Turtle
|312
|74%
|59%
|XP_008166572.1
|442
|}


== References ==


{{gene-8-stub}}
{{reflist}}

Latest revision as of 08:47, 10 January 2019

VALUE_ERROR (nil)
Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

n/a

n/a

Ensembl

n/a

n/a

UniProt

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

n/a

n/a

Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Glutamate Rich Protein 5 is a protein in humans encoded by the ERICH5 gene, also known as Chromosome 8 open reading frame 47 (C8orf47).

Gene

The ERICH5 gene is located on human chromosome 8 at 8q22.2 and spans 29 kb on the plus strand of the DNA. [1] ERICH5 contains three exons and two introns. [2] ERICH5 is also known as C8orf47 and Glutamate Rich 5.[1]

Protein

Isoforms

The ERICH5 protein has two isofroms. The longest isofrom, isofrom 1, spans 1,550 base pairs and is composed of 374 amino acids. The second isoform lacks the third and final exon and is 596 base pairs long.[2]

Domains and motifs

ERICH5 contains one conserved domain, a domain of unknown function called DUF4573.[3] ERICH5 is predicted to contain two highly conserved motifs, an APC/C binding motif and the LIG_FHA_2 motif.[4] The APC/C motif spans amino acid 222-226 and serves as a binding site for the Anaphase- promoting complex.[5] The LIG_FHA_2 motif is involved in the cell checkpoint pathway and is found in many proteins localized in the nucleus that regulate cell cycle.[6]

Post-translational modifications

ERICH5 is predicted to undergo several post translational modifications including phosphorylation, O-glycosylation, and Sumolyation. [7][8] [9]Many of the phosphorylation sites and O-glycosylation sites were predicted at the same amino acid. The post translational modifications shown are those conserved among ERICH5 orthologs. Several kinases were predicted to phosphorylate ERICH5 including PKC, cdc2, CKI, PKA, DNAPK, ATM, EGFR, and CKII.[7]

Post Translational Modification Amino Acid Location
Phosphorylation S4, S5, S27, S32, S49, T50, S58, S100, T101, T104, T138, S169, S227, S234, T239,T248, S274, T289, S307,Y320, T340, T346
O-Glycosylation S5,S27, S32, S49, T50, S58, S100, T101, T104, T138, S169, S227, S234, T239, T248, S274, T289,S307
Sumolyation K121, K131, K211, K251, ,K343, K360

Secondary structure

ERICH5 was predicted to contain three alpha helices and two beta sheets as well as regions of random coils. [10]

File:ERICH5 secondary structure.png
ERICH5 Secondary Structure. [10]
File:ERICH5 Protein Interactions.png
ERICH5 protein interactions. [11]

Sub-cellular localization

ERICH5 was predicted to be localized in the nucleus.[12]

Protein interactions

ERICH5 was predicted to interact with several proteins through yeast two hybrid screening and affinity chromatography.[11] Several of the proteins ERICH5 was predicted to interact with were also localized in the nucleus.[11]

Expression

File:Normal Expression of ERICH5.png
Normal expression of ERICH5 in various tissues.[13]

Normal expression

ERICH5 shows elevated levels of expression in the fetal liver, liver, pancreas, and retina compared to other tissues.

Expression in disease

File:Expression of ERICH5 in Alcoholic Hepatitis.png
Expression of ERICH5 in Alcoholic Hepatitis. [14]

ERICH5 shows increased expression in Alcoholic Hepatitis.

Homology

Paralogs

There are no known paralogs of ERICH5. [15]

Orthologs

True orthologs of ERICH5 have only been identified among mammalian species. The most distantly related mammalian ortholog is the Monodelphis domestica or the Gray Short Tailed Opossum.[16]

Species Name Common Names MYA % Similarity % Identity Accession # Protein Length
Acinonyx jubatus Cheetah 96 71% 65% XP_014937513.1 358
Cerathotherium White Rhino 96 71% 66% XP_004431343.2 358
Trichechus manatus latirostris Manatee 105 68% 59% XP_004370879.3 342
Monodelphis Gray Short tailed opossum 159 40% 28% XP_007488209.1 478

Distant orthologs

ERICH5 has distant orthologs among birds and reptiles. These distant orthologs contain only the third exon of ERICH5.[17]

Species Name Common Name MYA % Similarity % Identity Accession # Protein Length
Gallus gallus Chicken 312 80% 64% XP_004940017.1 207
Chysemys picta belli Painted Turtle 312 74% 59% XP_008166572.1 442

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Database, GeneCards Human Gene. "ERICH5 Gene - GeneCards | ERIC5 Protein | ERIC5 Antibody". www.genecards.org. Retrieved 2018-05-01.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "ERICH5 glutamate rich 5 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  3. ↑ "NCBI Conserved Domain Search". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  4. ↑ "ELM - unknown". elm.eu.org. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  5. ↑ "ELM - Detail for DEG_APCC_KENBOX_2". elm.eu.org. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  6. ↑ "ELM - Detail for LIG_FHA_2". elm.eu.org. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "NetPhos 3.1 Server - prediction results". www.cbs.dtu.dk. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  8. ↑ "NetOGlyc 4.0 Server - prediction results". www.cbs.dtu.dk. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  9. ↑ "GPS-SUMO: Prediction of SUMOylation Sites & SUMO-interaction Motifs". sumosp.biocuckoo.org. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Result for job ERICH5". raptorx.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "PSICQUIC View". EMBL-EBI.
  12. ↑ "PSORTII". PSORTII.
  13. ↑ Dezso, Z. "A comprehensive functional analysis of tissue specificity of human gene expression". PubMed.
  14. ↑ "Transcriptome analysis identifies TNF superfamily receptors as potential therapeutic targets in alcoholic hepatitis".
  15. ↑ "Gene: ERICH5 (ENSG00000177459) - Comparative Genomics - Homo sapiens - Ensembl genome browser 92". useast.ensembl.org. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  16. ↑ "BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool". blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  17. ↑ "BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool". blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
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