Respiratory failure classification: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 23:57, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M. Khurram Afzal, MD [2]

Overview

Respiratory failure may be classified into several subtypes as follows; Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV.

Classification

The classification of respiratory failure is as follows:^[1]

Respiratory Failure

Type I

Type II

Type III

Type IV

Hypoxemic

Hypercapnic

Peri-operative

Shock

Classification based on A-a gradient

Respiratory failure patients may have a normal or increased A-a gradient depending upon the etiology of the respiratory failure. The following table outlines the major characteristics:

Respiratory Failure-decreased SaO2

Normal A-a gradient

Increased A-a gradient

Normal PaCO2

Increased PaCO2

Hypoxemia does not correct with 100% O2

Hypoxemia corrects with 100% O2

Decreased FiO2 or decreased PiO2

Hypoventilation (sedation, COPD, asthma, diaphragmatic paralysis or Neuromuscular disease)

True shunt (Left to right shunts, CHF, pneumonia, atelectasis)

Vascular disease (pulmonary embolism), airway disease (COPD, asthma), alveolar filling (CHF, pneumonia)

References

↑ Hall, Jesse (2015). "CHAPTER 43: The Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis of Acute Respiratory Failure". Principles of critical care. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 0071738819.

Template:WH Template:WS

[1] Hall, Jesse (2015). "CHAPTER 43: The Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis of Acute Respiratory Failure". Principles of critical care. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 0071738819.

[1]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{Respiratory failure}}
-{{CMG}}; {{AE}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MKA}}
 ==Overview==
-There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].
+Respiratory failure may be classified into several subtypes as follows; Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV.
-OR
+==Classification==
+The classification of respiratory failure is as follows:<ref>{{cite book | last = Hall | first = Jesse | title = Principles of critical care | chapter = CHAPTER 43: The Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis of Acute Respiratory Failure   | publisher = McGraw-Hill Education | location = New York | year = 2015 | isbn = 0071738819 }}</ref>
-[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups: [group1], [group2], [group3], and [group4].
+{{Family tree/start}}
+{{Family tree | | | | | | | B01 | | | |B01= Respiratory Failure}}
-OR
+{{Family tree | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | }}
+{{Family tree | C01 | | C02 | | C03 | | C04 |C01= Type I| C02= Type II| C03=Type III| C04=Type IV}}
-[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
+{{Family tree | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | }}
-[Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
+{{Family tree | C01 | | C02 | | C03 | | C04 |C01= Hypoxemic| C02= Hypercapnic| C03= Peri-operative| C04=Shock}}
+{{Family tree/end}}
-OR
-Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.
-OR
-If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features:
-According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].
-OR
-The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].
+=== Classification based on A-a gradient ===
+Respiratory failure patients may have a normal or increased A-a gradient depending upon the etiology of the respiratory failure. The following table outlines the major characteristics:
-OR
-There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].
-==Classification==
-*Respiratory failure may be classified into several subtypes based on:
-**Hypoxemic (type I) respiratory failure
-**Hypercapnic (type II) respiratory failure
 {{Family tree/start}}
-{{Family tree | | | | B01 | | | |B01= Box 2 in Row 2}}
+{{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | | B01 | | | |B01= Respiratory Failure-decreased SaO2}}
-{{Family tree | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | }}
+{{Family tree | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|.|}}
-{{Family tree | C01 | | | | C02 |C01= Box 3 in Row 3| C02= Box 4 in Row 4}}
+{{Family tree | | | | | | |C01| | | | | | | |C02|C01=Normal A-a gradient|C02=Increased A-a gradient}}
+{{Family tree | | | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | | | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| |}}
+{{Family tree | | | |D01| | | |D02| |D03| | | | |D04|D01= Normal PaCO2|D02=Increased PaCO2|D03= Hypoxemia does not correct with 100% O2|D04= Hypoxemia corrects with 100% O2}}
+{{Family tree | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | |!| | | | | |!| | |}}
+{{Family tree | | | |E01| | | |E02| | |E03| | | |E04|E01= Decreased FiO2 or decreased PiO2|E02= Hypoventilation (sedation, COPD, asthma, diaphragmatic paralysis or Neuromuscular disease)|E03= True shunt (Left to right shunts, CHF, pneumonia, atelectasis)|E04= Vascular disease (pulmonary embolism), airway disease (COPD, asthma), alveolar filling (CHF, pneumonia)}}
 {{Family tree/end}}
@@ Line 46: / Line 34: @@
 {{WH}}
 {{WS}}
-[[Category: (name of the system)]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
+[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
+[[Category:Pulmonology]]
+[[Category:Anesthesiology]]