Respiratory failure causes: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MKA}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MKA}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common causes of respiratory failure include [[pneumonia]], [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[acute respiratory distress syndrome]], [[atelectasis]], [[asthma]], [[COPD]], [[neuromuscular]] and [[chest wall]] disorders, inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]], [[smoking]], [[obesity]] and [[shock]]. | Common causes of respiratory failure include [[pneumonia]], [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[acute respiratory distress syndrome]], [[atelectasis]], [[asthma]], [[COPD]], [[neuromuscular]] and [[chest wall]] disorders, inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]], [[smoking]], [[obesity]] and [[shock]]. Life-threatening causes of respiratory failure include [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], acute on chronic respiratory failure, [[pulmonary]] infection, [[pulmonary embolism]], [[heart failure]], [[cardiac arrhythmia]] and [[lung cancer]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Life-threatening | ===Life-threatening causes=== | ||
*Life-threatening causes of respiratory failure include [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], acute on chronic respiratory failure, [[pulmonary]] infection, [[pulmonary embolism]], [[heart failure]], [[cardiac arrhythmia]] and [[lung cancer]].<ref name="pmid9151520">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zielinski J, MacNee W, Wedzicha J, Ambrosino N, Braghiroli A, Dolensky J, Howard P, Gorzelak K, Lahdensuo A, Strom K, Tobiasz M, Weitzenblum E |title=Causes of death in patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure |journal=Monaldi Arch Chest Dis |volume=52 |issue=1 |pages=43–7 |date=February 1997 |pmid=9151520 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Life-threatening causes of respiratory failure include [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], acute on chronic respiratory failure, [[pulmonary]] infection, [[pulmonary embolism]], [[heart failure]], [[cardiac arrhythmia]] and [[lung cancer]].<ref name="pmid9151520">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zielinski J, MacNee W, Wedzicha J, Ambrosino N, Braghiroli A, Dolensky J, Howard P, Gorzelak K, Lahdensuo A, Strom K, Tobiasz M, Weitzenblum E |title=Causes of death in patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure |journal=Monaldi Arch Chest Dis |volume=52 |issue=1 |pages=43–7 |date=February 1997 |pmid=9151520 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
Causes of respiratory failure include:<ref name="Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.urlRespiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/respiratory-failure |title=Respiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ===Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease=== | ||
Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease include:<ref name="Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.urlRespiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/respiratory-failure |title=Respiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*Type I respiratory failure: | *'''Type I respiratory failure:''' | ||
**[[Pneumonia]] | **[[Pneumonia]] | ||
**[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]] | **[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]] | ||
| Line 23: | Line 25: | ||
**[[Pulmonary fibrosis]] | **[[Pulmonary fibrosis]] | ||
*Type II respiratory failure: | *'''Type II respiratory failure:''' | ||
**Central [[hypoventilation]] | **Central [[hypoventilation]] | ||
**[[Asthma]] | **[[Asthma]] | ||
| Line 35: | Line 37: | ||
**[[Obesity hypoventilation syndrome]] | **[[Obesity hypoventilation syndrome]] | ||
*Type III respiratory failure: | *'''Type III respiratory failure:''' | ||
**Inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]] | **Inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]] | ||
***Upper [[abdominal]] [[incision]] | ***Upper [[abdominal]] [[incision]] | ||
| Line 43: | Line 45: | ||
**Excessive airway secretions | **Excessive airway secretions | ||
*Type IV respiratory failure: | *'''Type IV respiratory failure:''' | ||
**[[Cardiogenic shock]] | **[[Cardiogenic shock]] | ||
**[[Septic shock]] | **[[Septic shock]] | ||
| Line 305: | Line 307: | ||
===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ||
{{columns-list| | |||
*[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]] | *[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]] | ||
*Acute lung syndrome | |||
*Acute on chronic respiratory failure | |||
*[[Abrin]] | *[[Abrin]] | ||
*[[Acetylsalicylic acid]] | *[[Acetylsalicylic acid]] | ||
| Line 313: | Line 317: | ||
*[[Acute motor axonal neuropathy]] | *[[Acute motor axonal neuropathy]] | ||
*[[Acute Porphyria]] | *[[Acute Porphyria]] | ||
*[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)]] | *[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)]] | ||
*[[Alcohol]] | *[[Alcohol]] | ||
*[[Aldicarb]] | *[[Aldicarb]] | ||
*[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]] | *[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]] | ||
*[[Alpha-amanitin]] | *[[Alpha-amanitin]] | ||
| Line 329: | Line 330: | ||
*[[Aspiration]] | *[[Aspiration]] | ||
*[[Asthma]] | *[[Asthma]] | ||
*[[Atelectasis]] | *[[Atelectasis]] | ||
*[[Atelosteogenesis, type II]] | *[[Atelosteogenesis, type II]] | ||
*[[Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)]] | *[[Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)]] | ||
*[[Azacitidine]] | *[[Azacitidine]] | ||
| Line 349: | Line 348: | ||
*[[Bufotenin]] | *[[Bufotenin]] | ||
*[[Bungarotoxin]] | *[[Bungarotoxin]] | ||
*Central [[hypoventilation]] | |||
*Coal worker pneumoconiosis | |||
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]] | *[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]] | ||
*[[Cardiac arrhythmia]] | *[[Cardiac arrhythmia]] | ||
*[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]] | *[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]] | ||
*[[Cardiogenic shock]] | *[[Cardiogenic shock]] | ||
| Line 358: | Line 358: | ||
*[[Cholesterol Emboli Syndrome]] | *[[Cholesterol Emboli Syndrome]] | ||
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] | *[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] | ||
*[[Clitocybe dealbata]] | *[[Clitocybe dealbata]] | ||
*[[Clozapine]] | *[[Clozapine]] | ||
*[[Cocaine]] | *[[Cocaine]] | ||
*[[Codeine]] | *[[Codeine]] | ||
*[[Colchicine]] | *[[Colchicine]] | ||
| Line 380: | Line 377: | ||
*[[Dornase Alfa]] | *[[Dornase Alfa]] | ||
*[[Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy]] | *[[Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy]] | ||
* | *Excessive airway secretions | ||
*[[Ebstein anomaly]] | *[[Ebstein anomaly]] | ||
*[[Eisenmenger syndrome]] | *[[Eisenmenger syndrome]] | ||
| Line 386: | Line 383: | ||
*[[Eosinophilic pneumonia]] | *[[Eosinophilic pneumonia]] | ||
*[[EVAR]] | *[[EVAR]] | ||
*[[Fallot tetralogy]] | *[[Fallot tetralogy]] | ||
*[[Familial dysautonomia]] | *[[Familial dysautonomia]] | ||
*[[Fat embolism]] | *[[Fat embolism]] | ||
*[[Fentanyl]] | *[[Fentanyl]] | ||
*[[Fetal circulation, persistent]] | *[[Fetal circulation, persistent]] | ||
*[[Fibrosing alveolitis]] | *[[Fibrosing alveolitis]] | ||
*[[Flail chest]] | *[[Flail chest]] | ||
*[[Foreign body]] | *[[Foreign body]] | ||
*[[Furfural]] | *[[Furfural]] | ||
*[[galsulfase]] | *[[galsulfase]] | ||
*[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]] | *[[Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid]] | ||
*[[Guillain-Barre syndrome]] | *[[Guillain-Barre syndrome]] | ||
*[[Hamman-Rich Syndrome]] | *[[Hamman-Rich Syndrome]] | ||
*[[Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome]] | *[[Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome]] | ||
*[[Heart failure]] | *[[Heart failure]] | ||
*[[Heartworm]] | *[[Heartworm]] | ||
| Line 410: | Line 402: | ||
*[[Hepatopulmonary syndrome]] | *[[Hepatopulmonary syndrome]] | ||
*[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]] | *[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]] | ||
*[[Heroin]] | *[[Heroin]] | ||
*[[Hypovolemic shock]] | *[[Hypovolemic shock]] | ||
*Inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]] | |||
*[[Idursulfase]] | *[[Idursulfase]] | ||
*[[interferon alfacon-1]] | *[[interferon alfacon-1]] | ||
| Line 418: | Line 410: | ||
*[[Ixabepilone]] | *[[Ixabepilone]] | ||
*[[Ketamine]] | *[[Ketamine]] | ||
*[[Kyphoscoliosis]] | *[[Kyphoscoliosis]] | ||
*[[Labetalol]] | *[[Labetalol]] | ||
*[[Laryngo-/Bronchospasm]] | *[[Laryngo-/Bronchospasm]] | ||
*[[Legionella pneumophila]] | *[[Legionella pneumophila]] | ||
*[[Lidocaine]] | *[[Lidocaine]] | ||
*[[Lorazepam]] | *[[Lorazepam]] | ||
*[[Lung cancer]] | *[[Lung cancer]] | ||
| Line 434: | Line 421: | ||
*[[Meningitis]] | *[[Meningitis]] | ||
*[[Metabolic Acidosis]] | *[[Metabolic Acidosis]] | ||
*[[Morphine]] | *[[Morphine]] | ||
*[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]] | *[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]] | ||
*[[Myasthenia Gravis]] | *[[Myasthenia Gravis]] | ||
*[[Myopathies]] | *[[Myopathies]] | ||
*Near-drowning | |||
*Non-cardiogenic [[pulmonary edema]] | |||
*[[Neuropathies]] | *[[Neuropathies]] | ||
*[[Nitrazepam]] | *[[Nitrazepam]] | ||
*[[Obesity]] | *[[Obesity]] | ||
*[[Opiate]] | *[[Opiate]] | ||
*[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]] | *[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]] | ||
*[[Oxymorphone]] | *[[Oxymorphone]] | ||
*[[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]] | *[[Pegylated interferon alfa-2b]] | ||
*[[Pleural effusion]] | *[[Pleural effusion]] | ||
*[[Pneumonia]] | *[[Pneumonia]] | ||
*[[Pneumothorax]] | *[[Pneumothorax]] | ||
| Line 457: | Line 440: | ||
*[[Post-polio syndrome]] | *[[Post-polio syndrome]] | ||
*[[Pramipexole]] | *[[Pramipexole]] | ||
*[[Procainamide]] | *[[Procainamide]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]] | *[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis]] | ||
| Line 463: | Line 445: | ||
*[[Pulmonary edema]] | *[[Pulmonary edema]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary embolism]] | *[[Pulmonary embolism]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary fibrosis]] | *[[Pulmonary fibrosis]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]] | *[[Pulmonary hypertension]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary | *[[Pulmonary edema]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary valve stenosis]] | *[[Pulmonary valve stenosis]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary]] infection | *[[Pulmonary]] infection | ||
*Pre-operative [[tobacco smoking]] | |||
*[[Rabies]] | *[[Rabies]] | ||
*[[Rasburicase]] | *[[Rasburicase]] | ||
| Line 474: | Line 456: | ||
*[[Restrictive Lung Disease]] | *[[Restrictive Lung Disease]] | ||
*[[Reye's syndrome]] | *[[Reye's syndrome]] | ||
*Sulfur dioxide | |||
*[[Satoyoshi syndrome]] | *[[Satoyoshi syndrome]] | ||
*[[Saxitoxin]] | *[[Saxitoxin]] | ||
| Line 482: | Line 465: | ||
*[[Snakebites]] | *[[Snakebites]] | ||
*[[Sodium thiopental]] | *[[Sodium thiopental]] | ||
*[[Status asthmaticus]] | |||
*[[Status asthmaticus | |||
*[[Tetanus]] | *[[Tetanus]] | ||
*[[Tetrodotoxin]] | *[[Tetrodotoxin]] | ||
| Line 490: | Line 472: | ||
*[[Transposition of great arteries]] | *[[Transposition of great arteries]] | ||
*[[Tretinoin]] | *[[Tretinoin]] | ||
*[[Triazolam]] | *[[Triazolam]] | ||
*[[Tricuspid valve stenosis]] | *[[Tricuspid valve stenosis]] | ||
*Upper [[abdominal]] [[incision]] | |||
*[[Ventricular septal defect]] | *[[Ventricular septal defect]] | ||
*[[Vincristine *sulfate liposome]] | *[[Vincristine *sulfate liposome]] | ||
| Line 498: | Line 480: | ||
*[[Zellweger syndrome]] | *[[Zellweger syndrome]] | ||
*[[Zopiclone]] | *[[Zopiclone]] | ||
}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Anesthesiology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 23:57, 29 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M. Khurram Afzal, MD [2]
Overview
Common causes of respiratory failure include pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome, atelectasis, asthma, COPD, neuromuscular and chest wall disorders, inadequate post-operative analgesia, smoking, obesity and shock. Life-threatening causes of respiratory failure include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute on chronic respiratory failure, pulmonary infection, pulmonary embolism, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia and lung cancer.
Causes
Life-threatening causes
- Life-threatening causes of respiratory failure include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute on chronic respiratory failure, pulmonary infection, pulmonary embolism, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia and lung cancer.[1]
Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease
Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease include:[2]
- Type I respiratory failure:
- Pneumonia
- Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- Caused by increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries
- Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- Caused by increased permeability in the pulmonary capillaries
- Acute lung injury
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- Pulmonary embolism
- Atelectasis
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Type II respiratory failure:
- Central hypoventilation
- Asthma
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Hypoxemia and hypercapnia often coexist
- Neuromuscular and chest wall disorders
- Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- Type III respiratory failure:
- Type IV respiratory failure:
Drugs that can cause respiratory failure
Common drugs that can cause respiratory failure include:[4][5]
- Azacitidine
- Codeine
- Clozapine
- Fentanyl
- Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
- Heroin
- Ketamine
- Lidocaine
- Labetalol
- Lorazepam
- Morphine
- Nitrazepam
- Opiate
- Oxymorphone
- Procainamide (patient information)
- Sodium thiopental
- Triazolam
- Zopiclone
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate
- Acute lung syndrome
- Acute on chronic respiratory failure
- Abrin
- Acetylsalicylic acid
- Achondrogenesis
- Acute lung injury
- Acute motor axonal neuropathy
- Acute Porphyria
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- Alcohol
- Aldicarb
- Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
- Alpha-amanitin
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Anaphylaxis
- Angioedema
- Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
- Asbestosis
- Ascites
- Aspiration
- Asthma
- Atelectasis
- Atelosteogenesis, type II
- Atrial septal defect (ostium primum)
- Azacitidine
- Babesiosis
- Barium nitrate
- Becker's muscular dystrophy
- Bland-White-Garland Syndrome
- Blood transfusion
- Botulism
- Bronchial asthma
- Bronchiectasis
- Bronchiolitis obliterans
- Bronchiolitis
- Bronchogenic carcinoma
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Bufotenin
- Bungarotoxin
- Central hypoventilation
- Coal worker pneumoconiosis
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- Cardiogenic shock
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency
- Ceritinib
- Cholesterol Emboli Syndrome
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Clitocybe dealbata
- Clozapine
- Cocaine
- Codeine
- Colchicine
- Cone snail
- Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
- Crizotinib
- Cyclophosphamide
- Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung
- Cystic fibrosis
- Cytisine
- Desmopressin
- Devic's disease
- Dicofol
- Dornase Alfa
- Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy
- Excessive airway secretions
- Ebstein anomaly
- Eisenmenger syndrome
- Emphysema
- Eosinophilic pneumonia
- EVAR
- Fallot tetralogy
- Familial dysautonomia
- Fat embolism
- Fentanyl
- Fetal circulation, persistent
- Fibrosing alveolitis
- Flail chest
- Foreign body
- Furfural
- galsulfase
- Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Hamman-Rich Syndrome
- Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
- Heart failure
- Heartworm
- Hepatic failure
- Hepatopulmonary syndrome
- Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
- Heroin
- Hypovolemic shock
- Inadequate post-operative analgesia
- Idursulfase
- interferon alfacon-1
- Interstitial fibrosis
- Ixabepilone
- Ketamine
- Kyphoscoliosis
- Labetalol
- Laryngo-/Bronchospasm
- Legionella pneumophila
- Lidocaine
- Lorazepam
- Lung cancer
- Malignant hyperpyrexia
- Malignant Mesothelioma
- Meningitis
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Morphine
- Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Myopathies
- Near-drowning
- Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- Neuropathies
- Nitrazepam
- Obesity
- Opiate
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Oxymorphone
- Pegylated interferon alfa-2b
- Pleural effusion
- Pneumonia
- Pneumothorax
- Polyrediculitis
- Post-polio syndrome
- Pramipexole
- Procainamide
- Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
- Pulmonary arterio-venous malformation
- Pulmonary edema
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary edema
- Pulmonary valve stenosis
- Pulmonary infection
- Pre-operative tobacco smoking
- Rabies
- Rasburicase
- Respiratory distress syndrome (neonatal)
- Restrictive Lung Disease
- Reye's syndrome
- Sulfur dioxide
- Satoyoshi syndrome
- Saxitoxin
- Sepsis
- Septic shock
- Shock
- Smoke inhalation
- Snakebites
- Sodium thiopental
- Status asthmaticus
- Tetanus
- Tetrodotoxin
- Thanatophoric dysplasia
- Tick paralysis
- Transposition of great arteries
- Tretinoin
- Triazolam
- Tricuspid valve stenosis
- Upper abdominal incision
- Ventricular septal defect
- Vincristine *sulfate liposome
- Vinyl chloride
- Zellweger syndrome
- Zopiclone
References
- ↑ Zielinski J, MacNee W, Wedzicha J, Ambrosino N, Braghiroli A, Dolensky J, Howard P, Gorzelak K, Lahdensuo A, Strom K, Tobiasz M, Weitzenblum E (February 1997). "Causes of death in patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure". Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 52 (1): 43–7. PMID 9151520.
- ↑ "Respiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)".
- ↑ Roy TM, Walker JF, Farrow JR (April 1991). "Respiratory failure associated with myasthenia gravis". J Ky Med Assoc. 89 (4): 169–73. PMID 2040830.
- ↑ Caruso AL, Bouillon TW, Schumacher PM, Luginbuhl M, Morari M (2007). "Drug-induced respiratory depression: an integrated model of drug effects on the hypercapnic and hypoxic drive". Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2007: 4259–63. doi:10.1109/IEMBS.2007.4353277. PMID 18002943.
- ↑ Wilson KC, Saukkonen JJ (2004). "Acute respiratory failure from abused substances". J Intensive Care Med. 19 (4): 183–93. doi:10.1177/0885066604263918. PMID 15296619.