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| ==Differentiating Asymptomatic Bacteriuria From Other Diseases==
| | __NOTOC__ |
| Asymptomatic Bacteriuria must be differentiated from other diseases that might cause bacteriuria.<ref name="WiseLongo2015">{{cite journal|last1=Wise|first1=Gilbert J.|last2=Longo|first2=Dan L.|last3=Schlegel|first3=Peter N.|title=Sterile Pyuria|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=372|issue=11|year=2015|pages=1048–1054|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1410052}}</ref><ref name="Stamm1983">{{cite journal|last1=Stamm|first1=Walter E.|title=Measurement of pyuria and its relation to bacteriuria|journal=The American Journal of Medicine|volume=75|issue=1|year=1983|pages=53–58|issn=00029343|doi=10.1016/0002-9343(83)90073-6}}</ref><ref name="GroahPerez-Losada2015">{{cite journal|last1=Groah|first1=Suzanne|last2=Perez-Losada|first2=Marcos|last3=Caldovic|first3=Ljubica|last4=Ljungberg|first4=Inger|last5=Sprague|first5=Bruce|last6=Castro-Nallar|first6=Eduardo|last7=Shah|first7=Neel|last8=Hsieh|first8=Michael|last9=Pohl|first9=Hans|title=MP20-08 PYURIA AND ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH NOVEL AND SPECIFIC URINE MICROBIOMES|journal=The Journal of Urology|volume=193|issue=4|year=2015|pages=e226|issn=00225347|doi=10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.980}}</ref><ref name="ShaikhShope2016">{{cite journal|last1=Shaikh|first1=N.|last2=Shope|first2=T. R.|last3=Hoberman|first3=A.|last4=Vigliotti|first4=A.|last5=Kurs-Lasky|first5=M.|last6=Martin|first6=J. M.|title=Association Between Uropathogen and Pyuria|journal=PEDIATRICS|volume=138|issue=1|year=2016|pages=e20160087–e20160087|issn=0031-4005|doi=10.1542/peds.2016-0087}}</ref>
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| '''To review differential diagnosis of pyuria, click here.'''
| | [[Sandbox: wdx]] |
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| '''To review differential diagnosis of sterile pyuria, click here.'''
| | [[Xyz]] |
| {| | | |
| |- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | | [[Abc]] |
| ! rowspan="5" |Category
| | # [[Sandbox:Preeti]] |
| ! colspan="3" rowspan="5" |Disease
| | # [[Lymphoma]] |
| ! colspan="9" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Clinical manifestations
| | # [[Breast lumps differential diagnosis]] |
| ! colspan="8" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Para−clinical findings
| | # [[Neck masses differential diagnosis]] |
| ! colspan="1" rowspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard for diagnosis
| | # [[Leukemia]] |
| ! rowspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
| | {| class="wikitable" |
| | |+ |
| | |- |
| | | colspan="2" |[[:Category:Risk calculator]] |
| | [[Category:Risk calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | | colspan="2" |[[Deep vein thrombosis assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]] |
| | |- |
| | | colspan="2" |[[Pulmonary embolism assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Padua prediction score]] |
| | |[[widget:PaduaVTEscore]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[IMPROVE risk score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:IMPROVEScore]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[IMPROVEDD risk score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:IMPROVEDDScore]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Caprini score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:CapCal]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Wells score calculator for DVT]] |
| | |[[Widget:DVT Wells score calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Modified Wells score calculator for DVT]] |
| | |[[Widget:DVT Modified Wells score calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Pulmonary embolism Wells score calculator]] |
| | |[[widget:PE_calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Pulmonary embolism modified Wells score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:PE Modified Wells score calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[AMUSE score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:AMUSE_score_calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[HAMILTON score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:HAMILTON_score_calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Geneva score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:Geneva_score_calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Revised Geneva score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:Revised_Geneva_score_calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Simplified Geneva Score calculator]] |
| | |[[Widget:Simplified_Geneva_score_calculator]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[TIMI Risk Score for Unstable Angina or NSTEMI]] |
| | |[[Widget:TIMI_UA_NSTEMI]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[TIMI Risk Score for STEMI]] |
| | |[[Widget:TIMI_STEMI]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Tygerberg score]] |
| | |[[widget:Tygerberg_score]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[CHA2DS2-VASc Score]] |
| | |[[Widget:CHA2DS2VASc]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[CHADS2 score]] |
| | |[[Widget:CHADS2score]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[HAS-BLED score]] |
| | |[[Widget:HASBLEDscore]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[The GRACE risk score]] |
| | |[[Widget:GRACEscore]] |
| | |- |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |- |
| | |[[Ranson criteria]] |
| | [[Acute pancreatitis diagnostic criteria]] |
| | |[[Widget:RansonScore]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Apgar score]] |
| | |[[Widget:Apgarscore]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Glasgow coma scale]] |
| | |[[Widget:Adult_GCS]] |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="7" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Symptoms
| | |[[Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale]] |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Physical examination
| | |[[Widget:PGCS]] |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="7" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lab Findings
| | |[[Cincinnati stroke scale]] |
| ! rowspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
| | |[[Widget:Cincinnati_Stroke_Scale]] |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
| | |[[DIPSS Plus Score]] |
| ! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
| | |[[Widget:DIPSS_Plus_Score]] |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
| |
| ! colspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urinary symptoms
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urinalysis
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
| | | colspan="2" |[[ICU scoring systems]] |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bacteriuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Culture
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="16" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Infectious diseases
| | |[[APACHE II]] |
| ! rowspan="14" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary tract infection|UTI]]<ref name="pmid18061020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Neal DE |title=Complicated urinary tract infections |journal=Urol. Clin. North Am. |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=13–22; v |date=February 2008 |pmid=18061020 |doi=10.1016/j.ucl.2007.09.010 |url=}}</ref>
| | |[[Widget:APACHEII]] |
| ! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Bacteria|Bacterial]]
| |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Asymptomatic bacteriuria]]<ref name="Nicolle2014">{{cite journal|last1=Nicolle|first1=Lindsay E.|title=Asymptomatic bacteriuria|journal=Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases|volume=27|issue=1|year=2014|pages=90–96|issn=0951-7375|doi=10.1097/QCO.0000000000000019}}</ref><ref name="Nicolle2015">{{cite journal|last1=Nicolle|first1=Lindsay E.|title=Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Bacterial Interference|journal=Microbiology Spectrum|volume=3|issue=5|year=2015|issn=2165-0497|doi=10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0001-2012}}</ref>
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Urine|Urinalysis]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Increased risk in [[pregnancy]]
| |
| *Must be treated prior to an invasive urologic procedure
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cystitis]]<ref name="pmid28613784">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sabih A, Leslie SW |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=28613784 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| | |[[SAPS II]] |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | |[[Widget:SAPSII]] |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Nitrite]] +
| |
| *[[Leukocyte esterase]] +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Urine|Urinalysis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Pyelonephritis]]<ref name="pmid28087935">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pietrucha-Dilanchian P, Hooton TM |title=Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection |journal=Microbiol Spectr |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages= |date=December 2016 |pmid=28087935 |doi=10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0021-2015 |url=}}</ref>
| | |[[SAPS III]] |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | |[[Widget:SAPSIII]] |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | |
| *[[Leukocytosis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |WBC cast
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Nitrite]] +
| |
| *[[Leukocyte esterase]] +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Virus|Viral]]<ref name="pmid23816478">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aboumohamed A, Flechner SM, Chiesa-Vottero A, Srinivas TR, Mossad SB |title=Disseminated adenoviral infection masquerading as lower urinary tract voiding dysfunction in a kidney transplant recipient |journal=Clin. Nephrol. |volume=82 |issue=5 |pages=332–6 |date=November 2014 |pmid=23816478 |doi=10.5414/CN107977 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25667584">{{cite journal |vauthors=Santiago-Rodriguez TM, Ly M, Bonilla N, Pride DT |title=The human urine virome in association with urinary tract infections |journal=Front Microbiol |volume=6 |issue= |pages=14 |date=2015 |pmid=25667584 |pmc=4304238 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2015.00014 |url=}}</ref>
| | |[[PIM2]] |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |− | | | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |− | | |} |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | ==Table== |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | {| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | + | | ! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Complications |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | ! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Polymyositis |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| | ! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dermatomyositis |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |PCR viral load
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * Increased risk in immunosuppressed [[Kidney transplantation|kidney transplant]] patients
| |
| *[[Cytomegalovirus infection|CMV]], [[Epstein Barr virus|EBV]], [[BK virus]], [[Adenoviridae|adenovirus]] might be seen
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Tuberculosis]]<ref name="pmid26123266">{{cite journal |vauthors=Altiparmak MR, Trabulus S, Balkan II, Yalin SF, Denizli N, Aslan G, Doruk HE, Engin A, Tekin R, Birengel S, Cetin BD, Arslan F, Turhan V, Mert A |title=Urinary tuberculosis: a cohort of 79 adult cases |journal=Ren Fail |volume=37 |issue=7 |pages=1157–63 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26123266 |doi=10.3109/0886022X.2015.1057460 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27865246">{{cite journal |vauthors=Verma AK, Mishra AK, Kumar M, Kant S, Singh A, Singh A |title=Renal tuberculosis presenting as acute pyelonephritis - A rarity |journal=Indian J Tuberc |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=210–213 |date=July 2016 |pmid=27865246 |doi=10.1016/j.ijtb.2015.07.010 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23303798">{{cite journal |vauthors=Daher Ede F, da Silva GB, Barros EJ |title=Renal tuberculosis in the modern era |journal=Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=88 |issue=1 |pages=54–64 |date=January 2013 |pmid=23303798 |pmc=3541747 |doi=10.4269/ajtmh.2013.12-0413 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28784884">{{cite journal |vauthors=Czapka M, Shukla S, Slosar-Cheah M |title=Urine trouble: genitourinary tuberculosis and subsequent DRESS syndrome |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2017 |issue= |pages= |date=August 2017 |pmid=28784884 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2017-220440 |url=}}</ref> | | ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cancer|Malignancy]] |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Positive mycobacterial urine culture
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | | | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | |
| *[[Microscopic hematuria]] | | *[[Lung]] |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Tuberculosis|Pulmonary TB]] on chest CT
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Urine mycobacterial [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | | | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | |
| *Past history of [[Tuberculosis|pulmonary TB]] | | *[[Lung]] |
| | |} |
| | <br> |
| | ===Calculation of the Padua Prediction Score=== |
| | Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient: |
| | |
| | {| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;" |
| | | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score |
| | |- |
| | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable |
| | ! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score |
| | |- |
| | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active gastric or duodenal ulcer |
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4.5 |
| | |- |
| | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Prior bleeding within the last 3 months |
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4 |
| | |- |
| | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Thrombocytopenia (<50x10<sup>9</sup>/L) |
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4 |
| | |- |
| | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age ≥ 85 years |
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |3.5 |
| | |- |
| | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Liver failure (INR>1.5) |
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5 |
| | |- |
| | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>) |
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5 |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Fungal]]<ref name="pmid22025959">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim J, Kim DS, Lee YS, Choi NG |title=Fungal urinary tract infection in burn patients with long-term foley catheterization |journal=Korean J Urol |volume=52 |issue=9 |pages=626–31 |date=September 2011 |pmid=22025959 |pmc=3198237 |doi=10.4111/kju.2011.52.9.626 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11980593">{{cite journal |vauthors=Carvalho M, Guimarães CM, Mayer JR, Bordignon GP, Queiroz-Telles F |title=Hospital-associated funguria: analysis of risk factors, clinical presentation and outcome |journal=Braz J Infect Dis |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=313–8 |date=December 2001 |pmid=11980593 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Admission to ICU or CCU |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | + after several weeks of follow up
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Hydronephrosis]] on ultrasound
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Urine culture]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Increased risk in patients with long−term foley [[Catheter|catheters]]
| |
| *[[Candidiasis|Candida]] as the most prevalent fungus
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="7" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Sexually transmitted disease|STD]] | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Central venous catheter |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Chlamydia]]<ref name="MatthewsBonigal1990">{{cite journal|last1=Matthews|first1=R.S.|last2=Bonigal|first2=S.D.|last3=Wise|first3=R.|title=Sterile pyuria and Chlamydia trachomatis|journal=The Lancet|volume=336|issue=8711|year=1990|pages=385|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/0140-6736(90)91936-5}}</ref><ref name="pmid8733337">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tayal SC, Pattman RS |title=Sterile pyuria: consider chlamydial infection |journal=Br J Clin Pract |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=166–7 |date=1996 |pmid=8733337 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Chronic [[Causes of pelvic pain|pelvic pain]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| *[[Adnexa|Adnexal]] motion [[tenderness]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Females might have concurrent chlamydial [[cervicitis]]
| |
| *Must be considered in young, sexually active males
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Gonococcus]]<ref name="pmid6799059">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clarke M, Maskell R |title=Gonorrhoea presenting as "sterile" pyuria |journal=Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) |volume=283 |issue=6305 |pages=1546 |date=December 1981 |pmid=6799059 |pmc=1507898 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9389943">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jephcott AE |title=Microbiological diagnosis of gonorrhoea |journal=Genitourin Med |volume=73 |issue=4 |pages=245–52 |date=August 1997 |pmid=9389943 |pmc=1195851 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26063863">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tomas ME, Getman D, Donskey CJ, Hecker MT |title=Overdiagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection and Underdiagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infection in Adult Women Presenting to an Emergency Department |journal=J. Clin. Microbiol. |volume=53 |issue=8 |pages=2686–92 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26063863 |pmc=4508438 |doi=10.1128/JCM.00670-15 |url=}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Rheumatic disease |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Chronic [[Causes of pelvic pain|pelvic pain]]
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| *[[Adnexa|Adnexal]] motion [[tenderness]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| High false negative result
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Intracellular gram−negative [[Diplococcus|diplococci]] on [[Gram staining|gram stain]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Nucleic acid amplification technique|Nucleic acid amplification]] testing (NAAT)
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Females might have concurrent cervical [[Gonorrhea|gonococcal infection]]
| |
| *Must be considered in young, sexually active males
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Ureaplasma urealyticum]]<ref name="pmid18614434">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nassar FA, Abu-Elamreen FH, Shubair ME, Sharif FA |title=Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis, genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum by polymerase chain reaction in patients with sterile pyuria |journal=Adv Med Sci |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=80–6 |date=2008 |pmid=18614434 |doi=10.2478/v10039-008-0020-1 |url=}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active malignancy |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Gram stain −
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with complications of pregnancy
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Herpes simplex virus]]<ref name="pmid16926356">{{cite journal |vauthors=Xu F, Sternberg MR, Kottiri BJ, McQuillan GM, Lee FK, Nahmias AJ, Berman SM, Markowitz LE |title=Trends in herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence in the United States |journal=JAMA |volume=296 |issue=8 |pages=964–73 |date=August 2006 |pmid=16926356 |doi=10.1001/jama.296.8.964 |url=}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age: 40-84 years |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1.5 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Painful [[Genital ulcer|genital ulcers]]
| |
| *Tender local inguinal [[lymphadenopathy]]
| |
| *Acute [[urinary retention]]
| |
| *Loss of sacral sensation
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Viral culture +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with extragenital complications, like [[Meningitis|aseptic meningitis]]
| |
| *High risk of recurrence
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Herpes zoster]]<ref name="ChenHsueh2002">{{cite journal|last1=Chen|first1=Po-Hong|last2=Hsueh|first2=Hsiu-Fang|last3=Hong|first3=Chang-Zern|title=Herpes zoster–associated voiding dysfunction: A retrospective study and literature review|journal=Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation|volume=83|issue=11|year=2002|pages=1624–1628|issn=00039993|doi=10.1053/apmr.2002.34602}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Rash]]
| |
| *Acute [[neuritis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * [[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with lumbosacral [[dermatome]] involvement
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Human papillomavirus|HPV]]<ref name="pmid16819332">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guo CC, Fine SW, Epstein JI |title=Noninvasive squamous lesions in the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic analysis of 29 cases |journal=Am. J. Surg. Pathol. |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=883–91 |date=July 2006 |pmid=16819332 |doi=10.1097/01.pas.0000213283.20166.5a |url=}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>) |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Genital warts|Genital wart]]
| |
| *[[Cancer|Cancerous]] lesions of the [[Sex organ|genitalia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with [[Bladder cancer|bladder carcinoma]]
| |
| *Prevented by [[HPV Vaccine|HPV vaccination]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]]<ref name="pmid20338962">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parkhie SM, Fine DM, Lucas GM, Atta MG |title=Characteristics of patients with HIV and biopsy-proven acute interstitial nephritis |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=798–804 |date=May 2010 |pmid=20338962 |pmc=2863972 |doi=10.2215/CJN.08211109 |url=}}</ref> | | ! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result: |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Painful mucocutaneous ulceration
| |
| *[[Lymphadenopathy]]
| |
| *[[Meningitis|Aseptic meningitis]]
| |
| *[[Diarrhea]]
| |
| *[[Weight loss]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Leukopenia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Combination antigen/antibody immunoassay + PCR [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]] viral load test
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Might be gone to chronic [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]] infection with or without evidence of the [[Immunodeficiency|acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]] ([[HIV AIDS|AIDS]])
| |
| *Associated with acute [[interstitial nephritis]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Prostatitis]]<ref name="pmid23519458">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wagenlehner FM, Pilatz A, Bschleipfer T, Diemer T, Linn T, Meinhardt A, Schagdarsurengin U, Dansranjavin T, Schuppe HC, Weidner W |title=Bacterial prostatitis |journal=World J Urol |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=711–6 |date=August 2013 |pmid=23519458 |doi=10.1007/s00345-013-1055-x |url=}}</ref> | | ! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation: |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | Pelvic or perineal pain
| | |} |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | + | | <br style="clear:left" /> |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | ===Calculation of the test Prediction Score=== |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| | Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient: |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | + | | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | {| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;" |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| | | colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Dribbling of urine
| |
| *Firm and tender [[prostate]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Leukocytosis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Cloudy urine
| |
| *Positive [[Gram staining|gram stain]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Increased risk of [[bacteremia]], prostatic abscess, and metastatic infection
| |
| *Might be acute or chronic infection
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Balanitis]]<ref name="pmid25596845">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hsu CY, Lin CL, Kao CH |title=Balanitis is a risk factor for herpes zoster |journal=Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=985–90 |date=May 2015 |pmid=25596845 |doi=10.1007/s10096-015-2314-0 |url=}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Penile pain
| | ! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Pruritus]]
| |
| *Erythematous lesions on the glans and/or the foreskin
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with [[reactive arthritis]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Appendicitis]]<ref name="pmid11343547">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee SL, Walsh AJ, Ho HS |title=Computed tomography and ultrasonography do not improve and may delay the diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis |journal=Arch Surg |volume=136 |issue=5 |pages=556–62 |date=May 2001 |pmid=11343547 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25345259">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mahattanobon S, Samphao S, Pruekprasert P |title=Clinical features of complicated acute appendicitis |journal=J Med Assoc Thai |volume=97 |issue=8 |pages=835–40 |date=August 2014 |pmid=25345259 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | ! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Gender |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Right lower abdominal pain
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Female |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Right lower [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Leukocytosis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Urine [[specific gravity]] >1.020
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Enlarged appendiceal diameter on CT scan or ultrasound
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Category
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male |
| ! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Disease
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
| |
| ! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other PE
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bacteriuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Culture
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other UA findings
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard for diagnosis
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="19" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Non−infectious diseases | | ! rowspan="4" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age |
| ! rowspan="7" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary tract|Urinary tract disorders]]
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |0-70 |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary catheter|Urinary catheterization]]<ref name="ForsterHaslam2017">{{cite journal|last1=Forster|first1=C.S.|last2=Haslam|first2=D.B.|last3=Jackson|first3=E.|last4=Goldstein|first4=S.L.|title=Utility of a routine urinalysis in children who require clean intermittent catheterization|journal=Journal of Pediatric Urology|volume=13|issue=5|year=2017|pages=488.e1–488.e5|issn=14775131|doi=10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.016}}</ref>
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | + | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Leukocytosis]] ±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * [[Leukocyte esterase]] ±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
| |
| | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Predicting [[Urinary tract infection|UTI]] in children who required clean intermittent [[Catheter|catheterization]] by routine [[Urine|urinalysis]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary stone|Urinary tract stone]]<ref name="pmid23283137">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fwu CW, Eggers PW, Kimmel PL, Kusek JW, Kirkali Z |title=Emergency department visits, use of imaging, and drugs for urolithiasis have increased in the United States |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=479–86 |date=March 2013 |pmid=23283137 |pmc=3587650 |doi=10.1038/ki.2012.419 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26349951">{{cite journal |vauthors=Singh P, Enders FT, Vaughan LE, Bergstralh EJ, Knoedler JJ, Krambeck AE, Lieske JC, Rule AD |title=Stone Composition Among First-Time Symptomatic Kidney Stone Formers in the Community |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=90 |issue=10 |pages=1356–65 |date=October 2015 |pmid=26349951 |pmc=4593754 |doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.07.016 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |71-80 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Colicky pain
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * [[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Visible stone on [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Might cause renal obstruction
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary tract neoplasm]]<ref name="pmid23664207">{{cite journal |vauthors=Azuma T, Nagase Y, Oshi M |title=Pyuria predicts poor prognosis in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer |journal=Clin Genitourin Cancer |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=331–6 |date=September 2013 |pmid=23664207 |doi=10.1016/j.clgc.2013.04.002 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |81-90 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * [[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Visible [[tumor]] on [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Cystoscopy]] + [[biopsy]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with non−muscle−invasive [[bladder cancer]] (NMIBC)
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Fistulae|Urinary fistula]]<ref name="pmid25565512">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hampton BS, Kay A, Pilzek A |title=Urinary fistula and incontinence |journal=Semin. Reprod. Med. |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=47–52 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25565512 |doi=10.1055/s-0034-1395279 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>90 |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Urinary incontinence]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Fistula]] on [[cystoscopy]] or [[IVP]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Physical examination
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *History of recent surgery
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Interstitial cystitis]]<ref name="pmid22177158">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konkle KS, Berry SH, Elliott MN, Hilton L, Suttorp MJ, Clauw DJ, Clemens JQ |title=Comparison of an interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome clinical cohort with symptomatic community women from the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology study |journal=J. Urol. |volume=187 |issue=2 |pages=508–12 |date=February 2012 |pmid=22177158 |pmc=3894739 |doi=10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.040 |url=}}</ref> | | ! rowspan="5" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Hgb ('''g/dL)''' |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Chronic bladder pain
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>17 '''g/dL''' |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Associated with other chronic pain syndromes
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Vesicoureteral reflux]]<ref name="pmid24012582">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hubert KC, Kokorowski PJ, Huang L, Prasad MM, Rosoklija I, Retik AB, Nelson CP |title=New contralateral vesicoureteral reflux after unilateral ureteral reimplantation: predictive factors and clinical outcomes |journal=J. Urol. |volume=191 |issue=2 |pages=451–7 |date=February 2014 |pmid=24012582 |pmc=4123205 |doi=10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.076 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15.5-17 '''g/dL''' |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Oliguria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Hydronephrosis]]<ref name="pmid26194290">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dancz CE, Walker D, Thomas D, Özel B |title=Prevalence of Hydronephrosis in Women With Advanced Pelvic Organ Prolapse |journal=Urology |volume=86 |issue=2 |pages=250–4 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26194290 |doi=10.1016/j.urology.2015.05.005 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-15.5 '''g/dL''' |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Oliguria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="5" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Renal disease|Renal diseases]]
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-11 '''g/dL''' |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Polycystic kidney disease|Polycystic kidney disease]]<ref name="pmid25186187">{{cite journal |vauthors=Paul BM, Vanden Heuvel GB |title=Kidney: polycystic kidney disease |journal=Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol |volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=465–87 |date=2014 |pmid=25186187 |pmc=4423807 |doi=10.1002/wdev.152 |url=}}</ref>
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | Flank or [[back]] [[pain]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Polyuria]]
| |
| *[[Nocturia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hypocitraturia]]
| |
| *[[Hyperuricemia]]
| |
| *[[Hyperoxaluria]]
| |
| *[[Urine|Low urine pH]]
| |
| *[[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]] <1 g/day
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Multiple cysts on [[ultrasound]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Renal vein thrombosis]]<ref name="pmid18158362">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mahmoodi BK, ten Kate MK, Waanders F, Veeger NJ, Brouwer JL, Vogt L, Navis G, van der Meer J |title=High absolute risks and predictors of venous and arterial thromboembolic events in patients with nephrotic syndrome: results from a large retrospective cohort study |journal=Circulation |volume=117 |issue=2 |pages=224–30 |date=January 2008 |pmid=18158362 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.716951 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<11 '''g/dL''' |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Flank pain
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Might be asymptomatic
| |
| *Signs of [[Acute kidney injury|acute renal failure]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Leukocytosis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hyperkalemia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]]
| |
| *[[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Thrombosis]] on CT scan
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal [[venography]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Increased risk in [[nephrotic syndrome]] and [[Thrombophilia|hypercoagulable state]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Interstitial nephritis]]<ref name="pmid25079860">{{cite journal |vauthors=Raghavan R, Eknoyan G |title=Acute interstitial nephritis - a reappraisal and update |journal=Clin. Nephrol. |volume=82 |issue=3 |pages=149–62 |date=September 2014 |pmid=25079860 |pmc=4928030 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | ! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |CrCl (mL/min) |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Low back pain|Lower back pain]]
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |30-60 mL/min |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑ | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Rash]]
| |
| *[[Weight loss]]
| |
| *[[Oliguria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Eosinophilia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hyperkalemia]]
| |
| *[[Isosthenuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]]
| |
| *[[Eosinophiluria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with [[medications]], particularly [[Antibiotic|antibiotics]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[IgA nephropathy]]<ref name="pmid24861083">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roberts IS |title=Pathology of IgA nephropathy |journal=Nat Rev Nephrol |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=445–54 |date=August 2014 |pmid=24861083 |doi=10.1038/nrneph.2014.92 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15-30 mL/min |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Might be asymptomatic
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]]
| |
| *[[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Biopsy]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *History of [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)|upper respiratory infection]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Kidney transplantation|Renal transplant rejection]]<ref name="pmid29789350">{{cite journal |vauthors=Martin-Moreno PL, Tripathi S, Chandraker A |title=Regulatory T Cells and Kidney Transplantation |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume= |issue= |pages= |date=May 2018 |pmid=29789350 |doi=10.2215/CJN.01750218 |url=}}</ref> | | ! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Albumin |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Flank pain
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>3.5 g/dL |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | |
| *Might be asymptomatic
| |
| *[[Oliguria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Leukocytosis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]]
| |
| *[[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Increased graft size on ultrasound
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal allograft [[biopsy]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Acute rise in the [[Creatinine|serum creatinine]]
| |
| *History of [[Organ transplant|transplant]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Disease
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≤3.5 g/dL |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
| |
| ! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other PE
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bacteriuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Culture
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other UA findings
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard for diagnosis
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Systemic disease]] | | ! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |D-dimer |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Diabetic nephropathy]]<ref name="pmid24983394">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bjornstad P, Cherney D, Maahs DM |title=Early diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes: new insights |journal=Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=279–86 |date=August 2014 |pmid=24983394 |pmc=4138314 |doi=10.1097/MED.0000000000000074 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≥1 µg/mL |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | |
| *Might be asymptomatic
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Albuminuria]]
| |
| *[[Microscopic hematuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + laboratory tests
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *History of [[retinopathy]] and [[neuropathy]]
| |
| *Slow and progressive [[Renal insufficiency|renal failure]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Lupus nephritis]]<ref name="SchwartzGoilav2014">{{cite journal|last1=Schwartz|first1=Noa|last2=Goilav|first2=Beatrice|last3=Putterman|first3=Chaim|title=The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis|journal=Current Opinion in Rheumatology|volume=26|issue=5|year=2014|pages=502–509|issn=1040-8711|doi=10.1097/BOR.0000000000000089}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<1 µg/mL |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Rash]]
| |
| *[[Oral ulcer]]
| |
| *[[Arthritis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Pancytopenia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hematuria]]
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Enlarged kidneys on CT scan
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Biopsy]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * Abnormal results of specific serologic tests
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Sjögren's syndrome|Sjögren’s syndrome]]<ref name="de PaivaRocha2015">{{cite journal|last1=de Paiva|first1=Cintia S.|last2=Rocha|first2=Eduardo Melani|title=Sjögren syndrome|journal=Current Opinion in Ophthalmology|volume=26|issue=6|year=2015|pages=517–525|issn=1040-8738|doi=10.1097/ICU.0000000000000208}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |ICU admission |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑ | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Dryness of all [[mucous membranes]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Pancytopenia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hematuria]]
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Abnormal diffuse [[Adipose tissue|fat tissue]] deposition and diffuse punctate [[calcification]] on parotid gland CT scan
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + laboratory tests
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * Abnormal results of specific serologic tests
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Kawasaki's disease]]<ref name="pmid14745638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wirojanan J, Sopontammarak S, Vachvanichsanong P |title=Sterile pyuria in Kawasaki disease |journal=Pediatr. Nephrol. |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=363 |date=March 2004 |pmid=14745638 |doi=10.1007/s00467-003-1394-8 |url=}}</ref> | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Acute stroke on hospitalization |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Rash]]
| |
| *[[Irritability]]
| |
| *[[Desquamation]] of skin and mucous membranes
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Normocytic normochromic anemia]]
| |
| *[[Thrombocytosis]]
| |
| *[[Leukocytosis]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hyponatremia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Vessels involvement on [[Angiogram|angiography]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Associated with multiple organ involvement including [[heart]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Medication]]/[[toxin]] | | ! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |History of VTE |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Analgesic nephropathy]]<ref name="pmid28341428">{{cite journal |vauthors=Henderickx MMEL, Brits T, De Baets K, Seghers M, Maes P, Trouet D, De Wachter S, De Win G |title=Renal papillary necrosis in patients with sickle cell disease: How to recognize this 'forgotten' diagnosis |journal=J Pediatr Urol |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=250–256 |date=June 2017 |pmid=28341428 |doi=10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.020 |url=}}</ref>
| | | style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" | |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Flank pain
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | | |
| *Chronic [[headache]]
| |
| *[[Low back pain]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Eosinophilia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hyperkalemia]]
| |
| *[[Isosthenuria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Proteinuria]]
| |
| *[[Eosinophiluria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal impairment on CT scan
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Characterized by [[Renal papillary necrosis|papillary necrosis]] and chronic [[interstitial nephritis]]
| |
| *Caused by the chronic use of [[analgesic]] agents
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Contrast induced nephropathy|Contrast−induced nephropathy]]<ref name="PatschanBuschmann2018">{{cite journal|last1=Patschan|first1=D.|last2=Buschmann|first2=I.|last3=Ritter|first3=O.|title=Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: Update on the Use of Crystalloids and Pharmacological Measures|journal=International Journal of Nephrology|volume=2018|year=2018|pages=1–8|issn=2090-214X|doi=10.1155/2018/5727309}}</ref> | | ! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result: |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Oliguria]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *[[Hyperkalemia]]
| |
| *[[Acidosis]]
| |
| *[[Hyperphosphatemia]]
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| * [[Fractional sodium excretion]] (FENa) <1%
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + exclusion of other causes of AKI
| |
| | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| |
| *Associated with reversible type of [[acute kidney injury]]
| |
| *Acute increase in the [[Creatinine|serum creatinine]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Category
| | ! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation: |
| ! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Disease
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
| |
| ! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever | |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other PE
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bacteriuria
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Culture
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other UA findings
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard for diagnosis
| |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
| |
| |} | | |} |
| | <br style="clear:left" /> |
| | |
| | ===Interpretation of the Padua Prediction Score=== |
| | The interpretation of the score is as follows: |
| | * Score ≥ 4: High risk for VTE |
| | * Score < 4: Low risk for VTE |
| | ==References== |
| | <references /> |