Urethral cancer risk factors: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Urethral cancer}} | {{Urethral cancer}} | ||
{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{Vbe}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{Vbe}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common [[risk factors]] in the development of | Common [[risk factors]] in the development of urethral cancer are [[History and Physical examination|history]] of [[bladder cancer]], [[urinary tract infections]], and [[sexually transmitted diseases]]. | ||
==Risk Factors:== | ==Risk Factors:== | ||
[[Risk-benefit analysis|Risk]] [[Factors 2a|factors]] for [[urethral]] [[cancer]] include the following: | [[Risk-benefit analysis|Risk]] [[Factors 2a|factors]] for [[urethral]] [[cancer]] include the following:<ref name="pmid29071155">{{cite journal |vauthors=Elawdy MM, Osman Y, Taha DE, Zahran MH, El-Halwagy S, Garba ME, Harraz AM |title=Risk factors and prognosis of intravesical recurrence after surgical management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A 30-year single centre experience |journal=Arab J Urol |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=216–222 |date=September 2017 |pmid=29071155 |pmc=5651950 |doi=10.1016/j.aju.2017.03.006 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Personal [[History and Physical examination|history]] of [[bladder cancer]]. | * Personal [[History and Physical examination|history]] of [[bladder cancer]]. | ||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
:* [[Sexually transmitted diseases]] (STDs), including [[human papillomavirus]] (especially HPV type 16) | :* [[Sexually transmitted diseases]] (STDs), including [[human papillomavirus]] (especially HPV type 16) | ||
:* Frequent [[urinary tract infections]] (UTIs) | :* Frequent [[urinary tract infections]] (UTIs) | ||
:* White female | |||
:* Age 60 | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:56, 22 January 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of urethral cancer are history of bladder cancer, urinary tract infections, and sexually transmitted diseases.
Risk Factors:
Risk factors for urethral cancer include the following:[1]
- Personal history of bladder cancer.
- Conditions that cause chronic inflammation in the urethra, including:
- Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human papillomavirus (especially HPV type 16)
- Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- White female
- Age 60
References
- ↑ Elawdy MM, Osman Y, Taha DE, Zahran MH, El-Halwagy S, Garba ME, Harraz AM (September 2017). "Risk factors and prognosis of intravesical recurrence after surgical management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A 30-year single centre experience". Arab J Urol. 15 (3): 216–222. doi:10.1016/j.aju.2017.03.006. PMC 5651950. PMID 29071155.