Hemolytic-uremic syndrome epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{HUS}}
{{HUS}}


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{S.G.}}, {{AHS}}
 
==Overview==
==Overview==
The highest proportion of [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|hemolytic uremic syndrome]] [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|(HUS)]] cases (15.3%) occurred among children aged <5 years. [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] affects female more than male and white race more than other races. [[Mortality]] is more commonly seen in [[elderly]] [[Patient|patients]] in which [[disease]] is less common but more dangerous.The incidence of atypical [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] in The United States of America is approximately two per million.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Incidence===
===Incidence===
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="pmid27723152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Karpman D, Loos S, Tati R, Arvidsson I |title=Haemolytic uraemic syndrome |journal=J. Intern. Med. |volume=281 |issue=2 |pages=123–148 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27723152 |doi=10.1111/joim.12546 |url=}}</ref>
*In children less than 5 years of age, the incidence of [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|hemolytic uremic syndrome]] [[HUS|(HUS)]] is approximately 8.5 per 100,000.<ref name="MeleRemuzzi2014">{{cite journal|last1=Mele|first1=Caterina|last2=Remuzzi|first2=Giuseppe|last3=Noris|first3=Marina|title=Hemolytic uremic syndrome|journal=Seminars in Immunopathology|volume=36|issue=4|year=2014|pages=399–420|issn=1863-2297|doi=10.1007/s00281-014-0416-x}}</ref>
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*The incidence of atypical [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] in the United States of America is approximately 0.2 per 100,00 individuals.<ref name="pmid15168377">{{cite journal| author=Constantinescu AR, Bitzan M, Weiss LS, Christen E, Kaplan BS, Cnaan A et al.| title=Non-enteropathic hemolytic uremic syndrome: causes and short-term course. | journal=Am J Kidney Dis | year= 2004 | volume= 43 | issue= 6 | pages= 976-82 | pmid=15168377 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15168377  }}</ref>
 
is difficult to assess the annual incidence of EHEC‐associated HUS, but overall rates corresponding to two per 100 000 for all age groups have been reported and up to six per 100 000 in children younger than 5 years of age 51.
 
he incidence in Argentina has been reported to be as high as 12.2 cases per 100 000 children younger than 5 years of age 50. It is difficult to assess the annual incidence of EHEC‐associated HUS, but overall rates corresponding to two per 100 000 for all age groups have been reported and up to six per 100 000 in children younger than 5 years of age 51.
 
 
The incidence of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)  is approximately 2 per 100,000 individuals worldwide for all age groups.
The prevalence of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is approximately 6 per 100,000 in children younger than 5 years old.


===Prevalence===
===Mortality rate===
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
* [[Mortality]] is more commonly seen in [[elderly]] [[Patient|patients]] in which [[disease]] is less common but more dangerous.<ref name="pmid19827953">{{cite journal| author=Gould LH, Demma L, Jones TF, Hurd S, Vugia DJ, Smith K et al.| title=Hemolytic uremic syndrome and death in persons with Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection, foodborne diseases active surveillance network sites, 2000-2006. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 2009 | volume= 49 | issue= 10 | pages= 1480-5 | pmid=19827953 | doi=10.1086/644621 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19827953  }} </ref>
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.


===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate===
*In 2017, the [[Mortality rate|mortality]] of [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|hemolytic uremic syndrome]] (HUS) is estimated to approximately 10%.<ref>{{Cite journal
*In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
| author = [[Gregory Hall]], [[Shinichiro Kurosawa]] & [[Deborah J. Stearns-Kurosawa]]
*The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].
| title = Shiga Toxin Therapeutics: Beyond Neutralization
| journal = [[Toxins]]
| volume = 9
| issue = 9
| year = 2017
| month = September
| doi = 10.3390/toxins9090291
| pmid = 28925976
}}</ref>


===Age===
===Age===
*Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
*Patients of all age groups may develop [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|hemolytic uremic syndrome]] ([[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]]).
*The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
*The incidence of [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] increases with age; the median age at [[diagnosis]] is younger than 5 years.<ref name="KarpmanLoos2017">{{cite journal|last1=Karpman|first1=Diana|last2=Loos|first2=Sebastian|last3=Tati|first3=Ramesh|last4=Arvidsson|first4=Ida|title=Haemolytic uraemic syndrome|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=281|issue=2|year=2017|pages=123–148|issn=09546820|doi=10.1111/joim.12546}}</ref>
*[Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.  
*[Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
*[Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].


*[[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] commonly affects individuals younger than 5 years of age.<ref name="KarpmanLoos2017">{{cite journal|last1=Karpman|first1=Diana|last2=Loos|first2=Sebastian|last3=Tati|first3=Ramesh|last4=Arvidsson|first4=Ida|title=Haemolytic uraemic syndrome|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=281|issue=2|year=2017|pages=123–148|issn=09546820|doi=10.1111/joim.12546}}</ref>
===Race===
===Race===
*There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
*[[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] usually affects individuals of the White race (82%).<ref name=":0" /> 
*[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
===Gender===
===Gender===
*[Disease name] affects men and women equally.
*[[HUS]] affects female more than male. Approximately 59% of affected individuals are female.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal
*[Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
| author = [[Deirdra R. Terrell]], [[Sara K. Vesely]], [[Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga]], [[Bernhard Lammle]] & [[James N. George]]
 
| title = Different disparities of gender and race among the thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic-uremic syndromes
===Region===
| journal = [[American journal of hematology]]
*The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].
| volume = 85
 
| issue = 11
*[Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].
| pages = 844–847
 
| year = 2010
===Developed Countries===
| month = November
| doi = 10.1002/ajh.21833
| pmid = 20799358
}}</ref>


===Developing Countries===
=== '''Region''' ===
* In the United States and Western Europe, the reported annual [[Incidence (epidemiology)|incidence]] of [[Escherichia coli enteritis|STEC]] ([[Shiga toxin-producing E. coli|Shiga Toxin-Producing E.coli]]) [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] is approximately two to three per 100,000 children less than five years of age.<ref name="pmid15728781">{{cite journal| author=Noris M, Remuzzi G| title=Hemolytic uremic syndrome. | journal=J Am Soc Nephrol | year= 2005 | volume= 16 | issue= 4 | pages= 1035-50 | pmid=15728781 | doi=10.1681/ASN.2004100861 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15728781  }} </ref>
* Data on [[Pediatrics|paediatric]] [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]] established for some European countries (France, Germany, Austria and Italy) show an estimated prevalence of atypical HUS of 7 per million children in the whole of the European Community.<ref name="pmid19821824">{{cite journal| author=Taylor CM, Machin S, Wigmore SJ, Goodship TH, working party from the Renal Association, the British Committee for Standards in Haematology and the British Transplantation Society| title=Clinical practice guidelines for the management of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome in the United Kingdom. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2010 | volume= 148 | issue= 1 | pages= 37-47 | pmid=19821824 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07916.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19821824  }} </ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 15:15, 22 August 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sogand Goudarzi, MD [2], Anila Hussain, MD [3]

Overview

The highest proportion of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) cases (15.3%) occurred among children aged <5 years. HUS affects female more than male and white race more than other races. Mortality is more commonly seen in elderly patients in which disease is less common but more dangerous.The incidence of atypical HUS in The United States of America is approximately two per million.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • In children less than 5 years of age, the incidence of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is approximately 8.5 per 100,000.[1]
  • The incidence of atypical HUS in the United States of America is approximately 0.2 per 100,00 individuals.[2]

Mortality rate

Age

  • HUS commonly affects individuals younger than 5 years of age.[5]

Race

  • HUS usually affects individuals of the White race (82%).[6]

Gender

  • HUS affects female more than male. Approximately 59% of affected individuals are female.[6]

Region

  • In the United States and Western Europe, the reported annual incidence of STEC (Shiga Toxin-Producing E.coli) HUS is approximately two to three per 100,000 children less than five years of age.[7]
  • Data on paediatric HUS established for some European countries (France, Germany, Austria and Italy) show an estimated prevalence of atypical HUS of 7 per million children in the whole of the European Community.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Mele, Caterina; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Noris, Marina (2014). "Hemolytic uremic syndrome". Seminars in Immunopathology. 36 (4): 399–420. doi:10.1007/s00281-014-0416-x. ISSN 1863-2297.
  2. ↑ Constantinescu AR, Bitzan M, Weiss LS, Christen E, Kaplan BS, Cnaan A; et al. (2004). "Non-enteropathic hemolytic uremic syndrome: causes and short-term course". Am J Kidney Dis. 43 (6): 976–82. PMID 15168377.
  3. ↑ Gould LH, Demma L, Jones TF, Hurd S, Vugia DJ, Smith K; et al. (2009). "Hemolytic uremic syndrome and death in persons with Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection, foodborne diseases active surveillance network sites, 2000-2006". Clin Infect Dis. 49 (10): 1480–5. doi:10.1086/644621. PMID 19827953.
  4. ↑ Gregory Hall, Shinichiro Kurosawa & Deborah J. Stearns-Kurosawa (2017). "Shiga Toxin Therapeutics: Beyond Neutralization". Toxins. 9 (9). doi:10.3390/toxins9090291. PMID 28925976. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Karpman, Diana; Loos, Sebastian; Tati, Ramesh; Arvidsson, Ida (2017). "Haemolytic uraemic syndrome". Journal of Internal Medicine. 281 (2): 123–148. doi:10.1111/joim.12546. ISSN 0954-6820.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Deirdra R. Terrell, Sara K. Vesely, Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga, Bernhard Lammle & James N. George (2010). "Different disparities of gender and race among the thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic-uremic syndromes". American journal of hematology. 85 (11): 844–847. doi:10.1002/ajh.21833. PMID 20799358. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Noris M, Remuzzi G (2005). "Hemolytic uremic syndrome". J Am Soc Nephrol. 16 (4): 1035–50. doi:10.1681/ASN.2004100861. PMID 15728781.
  8. ↑ Taylor CM, Machin S, Wigmore SJ, Goodship TH, working party from the Renal Association, the British Committee for Standards in Haematology and the British Transplantation Society (2010). "Clinical practice guidelines for the management of atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome in the United Kingdom". Br J Haematol. 148 (1): 37–47. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07916.x. PMID 19821824.

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