Hyperkalemia risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
* The kidneys normally remove excess potassium from the body | * The [[kidneys]] normally remove excess [[potassium]] from the body | ||
* Most cases of [[hyperkalemia]] are due to disorders that reduce the kidneys' ability to get rid of potassium | * Most cases of [[hyperkalemia]] are due to [[disorders]] that reduce the [[kidneys]]' ability to get rid of [[potassium]] <ref name="pmid18839206">{{cite journal| author=Wang WH, Giebisch G| title=Regulation of potassium (K) handling in the renal collecting duct. | journal=Pflugers Arch | year= 2009 | volume= 458 | issue= 1 | pages= 157-68 | pmid=18839206 | doi=10.1007/s00424-008-0593-3 | pmc=2730119 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18839206 }} </ref><ref name="pmid21170894">{{cite journal| author=Giebisch GH, Wang WH| title=Potassium transport--an update. | journal=J Nephrol | year= 2010 | volume= 23 Suppl 16 | issue= | pages= S97-104 | pmid=21170894 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21170894 }} </ref> | ||
===Common risk factors=== | ===Common risk factors=== | ||
* The most common risk factors for hyperkalmeia include<ref name="pmid3344745">{{cite journal| author=Magner PO, Robinson L, Halperin RM, Zettle R, Halperin ML| title=The plasma potassium concentration in metabolic acidosis: a re-evaluation. | journal=Am J Kidney Dis | year= 1988 | volume= 11 | issue= 3 | pages= 220-4 | pmid=3344745 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3344745 }} </ref>: | * The most common risk factors for hyperkalmeia include<ref name="pmid3344745">{{cite journal| author=Magner PO, Robinson L, Halperin RM, Zettle R, Halperin ML| title=The plasma potassium concentration in metabolic acidosis: a re-evaluation. | journal=Am J Kidney Dis | year= 1988 | volume= 11 | issue= 3 | pages= 220-4 | pmid=3344745 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3344745 }} </ref>: | ||
** [[Acute kidney failure]] | **[[Acute kidney failure]] | ||
** [[Chronic kidney failure]]<ref name="pmid9612319">{{cite journal| author=Giebisch G| title=Renal potassium transport: mechanisms and regulation. | journal=Am J Physiol | year= 1998 | volume= 274 | issue= 5 Pt 2 | pages= F817-33 | pmid=9612319 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9612319 }} </ref> | ** [[Chronic kidney failure]]<ref name="pmid9612319">{{cite journal| author=Giebisch G| title=Renal potassium transport: mechanisms and regulation. | journal=Am J Physiol | year= 1998 | volume= 274 | issue= 5 Pt 2 | pages= F817-33 | pmid=9612319 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9612319 }} </ref> | ||
** [[Diabetes mellitus]] | ** [[Diabetes mellitus]] | ||
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* [[Burns]] | * [[Burns]] | ||
* Disorders that cause blood cells to burst ([[hemolytic | * Disorders that cause [[blood cells]] to burst ([[hemolytic]] conditions) | ||
* Gastrointestinal [[bleeding]] | *[[Gastrointestinal]] [[bleeding]] | ||
* [[Rhabdomyolysis]] from drugs, alcoholism, coma, or certain infections | * [[Rhabdomyolysis]] from drugs, alcoholism, coma, or certain infections | ||
* Surgery | *[[Surgery]] | ||
* Traumatic injury | *[[Traumatic injury|Traumatic]] injury | ||
* Tumors | *[[Tumors]] | ||
* [[Acidosis]] | * [[Acidosis]] | ||
* Medications | * Medications | ||
** [[spironolactone]] | **[[spironolactone]] | ||
** [[amiloride]] | ** [[amiloride]] | ||
** [[triamterene]] | ** [[triamterene]] | ||
** Potassium supplements (especially intravenous potassium). | **[[Potassium]] supplements (especially intravenous potassium). | ||
=== Less common risk factors === | === Less common risk factors === | ||
* Fasting | * Fasting | ||
* Exercise | *[[Exercise]] | ||
* Fluoride toxicity | *[[Fluoride]] [[toxicity]] | ||
* Hypoparathyroidism | *[[Hypoparathyroidism]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:04, 29 April 2020
<figure-inline> </figure-inline> |
Resident Survival Guide |
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Hyperkalemia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Case Studies |
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Hyperkalemia risk factors On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyperkalemia risk factors |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyperkalemia risk factors |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2],Jogeet Singh Sekhon
Overview
The kidneys normally remove excess potassium from the body. Most cases of hyperkalemia occur in disorders that reduce the kidneys' ability to get rid of potassium. This may result from disorders such as acute kidney failure, chronic kidney failure and glomerulonephritis.
Risk Factors
- The kidneys normally remove excess potassium from the body
- Most cases of hyperkalemia are due to disorders that reduce the kidneys' ability to get rid of potassium [1][2]
Common risk factors
- The most common risk factors for hyperkalmeia include[3]:
- Burns
- Disorders that cause blood cells to burst (hemolytic conditions)
- Gastrointestinal bleeding
- Rhabdomyolysis from drugs, alcoholism, coma, or certain infections
- Surgery
- Traumatic injury
- Tumors
- Acidosis
- Medications
- spironolactone
- amiloride
- triamterene
- Potassium supplements (especially intravenous potassium).
Less common risk factors
- Fasting
- Exercise
- Fluoride toxicity
- Hypoparathyroidism
References
- ↑ Wang WH, Giebisch G (2009). "Regulation of potassium (K) handling in the renal collecting duct". Pflugers Arch. 458 (1): 157–68. doi:10.1007/s00424-008-0593-3. PMC 2730119. PMID 18839206.
- ↑ Giebisch GH, Wang WH (2010). "Potassium transport--an update". J Nephrol. 23 Suppl 16: S97–104. PMID 21170894.
- ↑ Magner PO, Robinson L, Halperin RM, Zettle R, Halperin ML (1988). "The plasma potassium concentration in metabolic acidosis: a re-evaluation". Am J Kidney Dis. 11 (3): 220–4. PMID 3344745.
- ↑ Giebisch G (1998). "Renal potassium transport: mechanisms and regulation". Am J Physiol. 274 (5 Pt 2): F817–33. PMID 9612319.