Nephrotic syndrome other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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Latest revision as of 22:58, 29 July 2020
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Nephrotic Syndrome Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Nephrotic syndrome other diagnostic studies On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Nephrotic syndrome other diagnostic studies |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Nephrotic syndrome other diagnostic studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian, Mehrian Jafarizade, M.D [2]
Overview
Ultrasound-guided renal biopsy for visualization under light microscopy, immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase, and electron microscopy is usually recommended for patients with nephrotic syndrome.[1] Renal biopsy provides diagnostic and prognostic benefit. However, guidelines that define the timing and the circumstances to perform renal biopsy are not present. In minimal change disease, the most common primary cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, and in diabetic nephropathy, the most common secondary cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, renal biopsy is not generally recommended and is not routinely performed.[2] Nonetheless, patients who present with unknown or unsure etiology of nephrotic syndrome are recommended to undergo renal biopsy for definitive diagnosis.[2]
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Nephrotic Syndrome Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Nephrotic syndrome other diagnostic studies On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Nephrotic syndrome other diagnostic studies |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Nephrotic syndrome other diagnostic studies |
Other diagnostic studies
Biopsy
- Ultrasound-guided renal biopsy for visualization under light microscopy, immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase, and electron microscopy is usually recommended for patients with nephrotic syndrome.[1] Renal biopsy provides diagnostic and prognostic benefit. However, guidelines that define the timing and the circumstances to perform renal biopsy are not present. In minimal change disease, the most common primary cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, and in diabetic nephropathy, the most common secondary cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, renal biopsy is not generally recommended and is not routinely performed.[2] Nonetheless, patients who present with unknown or unsure etiology of nephrotic syndrome are recommended to undergo renal biopsy for definitive diagnosis.[2]
- Kidney biopsy is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.[3]
- This method will reveal the exact cause of proteinuria.
Relative contraindications of the kidney biopsy:
- Single kidney,
- Anatomic kidney abnormalities,
- Small size kidneys (less than 9 cm), indicative of end stage renal disease
- Renal tumor
- Multiple, bilateral cysts
- Active infection in the kidney or on the skin over the biopsy site
- Uncorrectable bleeding diathesis
- Severe uncontrolled hypertension
- Hydronephrosis
- Uncooperative patient
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hull RP, Goldsmith DJ (2008). "Nephrotic syndrome in adults". BMJ. 336 (7654): 1185–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.39576.709711.80. PMC 2394708. PMID 18497417.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Kodner C (2009). "Nephrotic syndrome in adults: diagnosis and management". Am Fam Physician. 80 (10): 1129–34. PMID 19904897.
- ↑ "Clinical competence in percutaneous renal biopsy. Health and Public Policy Committee. American College of Physicians". Ann. Intern. Med. 108 (2): 301–3. February 1988. PMID 3341661.