Tumor lysis syndrome causes: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 13:42, 7 September 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Nazia Fuad M.D.

Overview

Development of tumor lysis syndrome is the result of initiation of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in cancer patients. The most common causes of tumor lysis syndrome are Burkitt's lymphoma , acute lymphoblastic leukemia , acute myeloid leukemia and chemotherapy including methotrexate. Sometimes it can occur spontaneously without administration of treatment primarily in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) or acute leukemia.

Causes

Common Causes

The most common causes of tumor lysis syndrome are:^[1]^[2]

Less common causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Bortezomib, Carfilzomib, Cytarabine, cytotoxic chemotherapy, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride etoposide, fludarabine, glucocorticoids, hydroxyurea, Ibrutinib, imatinib, lenalidomide , Nelarabine, Nilotinib, Ofatumumab, paclitaxel, Pralatrexate, rituximab, thalidomide, Vincristine sulfate liposome zoledronic acid
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Acute lymphoblastic leukemia , acute myeloid leukemia, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma , anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast cancer , Burkitt's lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, germ cell tumors , hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hodgkin's disease, isolated plasmacytomas, mantle cell lymphoma, medulloblastoma, melanoma, metastatic colorectal cancer , multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovarian cancer , rhabdomyosarcoma, sarcoma, small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, thalidomide, transformed lymphoma, urothelial cancer
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes\|-
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes by Alphabetical Order

References

↑ "www.asn-online.org" (PDF).
↑ Howard SC, Jones DP, Pui CH (May 2011). "The tumor lysis syndrome". N. Engl. J. Med. 364 (19): 1844–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0904569. PMC 3437249. PMID 21561350.

Template:WH Template:WS

[urlwww.asn-online.org-1] "www.asn-online.org" (PDF).

[pmid21561350-2] Howard SC, Jones DP, Pui CH (May 2011). "The tumor lysis syndrome". N. Engl. J. Med. 364 (19): 1844–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0904569. PMC 3437249. PMID 21561350.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
-Development of tumor lysis syndrome is the result of initiation of [[chemotherapy]] or [[radiotherapy]] in cancer patients and sometimes even without treatment.
+Development of tumor lysis syndrome is the result of initiation of [[chemotherapy]] or [[radiotherapy]] in cancer patients. The most common causes of tumor lysis syndrome are [[Burkitt's lymphoma]][[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia|, acute lymphoblastic leukemia]][[Acute myeloid leukemia|, acute myeloid leukemia]] and [[chemotherapy]] including [[methotrexate]]. Sometimes it can occur spontaneously  without administration of treatment primarily in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) or acute leukemia.
 ==Causes==
 ===Common Causes===
+The most common causes of tumor lysis syndrome are:<ref name="urlwww.asn-online.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.asn-online.org/education/distancelearning/curricula/onco/Chapter4.pdf |title=www.asn-online.org |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21561350">{{cite journal |vauthors=Howard SC, Jones DP, Pui CH |title=The tumor lysis syndrome |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=364 |issue=19 |pages=1844–54 |date=May 2011 |pmid=21561350 |pmc=3437249 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra0904569 |url=}}</ref>
 *[[Burkitt's lymphoma]]
 *[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
 *[[Acute myeloid leukemia]]
 *[[Chemotherapy]] including [[methotrexate]]
+=== Less common causes ===
+* Solid tumor
+* [[Myeloma]]
+* [[Chronic leukemia|Chronic myeloid leukemia CML]]
+* CLL [[chronic lymphocytic leukemia]]
+* [[Hodgkin lymphoma]]
+* [[Small lymphocytic lymphoma]]
+* [[Marginal zone lymphoma|Marginal zone B cell]]
+* [[MALT lymphoma|MALT]]
+* Nonblastoid mantle cell
+* [[Cutaneous T cell lymphoma|Cutaneous T cell]]
+* [[Adult T-cell leukemia]]
 ===Causes by Organ System===
-{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
+{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
+| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
+| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
+| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Dental'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Dermatologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+| bgcolor="Beige" |
 [[Bortezomib]],
 [[Carfilzomib]],
@@ Line 43: / Line 57: @@
 [[Ibrutinib]],
 [[imatinib]],
-[[lenalidomide ]],
+[[lenalidomide ]] ,
 [[Nelarabine]],
 [[Nilotinib]],
@@ Line 54: / Line 68: @@
 [[zoledronic acid]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Ear Nose Throat'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Endocrine'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Environmental'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Gastroenterologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Genetic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Hematologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Iatrogenic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Infectious Disease'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Neurologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Oncologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+| bgcolor="Beige" |
-[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ]],
+[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ]] ,
 [[acute myeloid leukemia]],
-[[adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma ]],
+[[adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma ]] ,
 [[anaplastic large cell lymphoma]],
-[[breast cancer ]],
+[[breast cancer ]] ,
 [[Burkitt's lymphoma]],
 [[chronic myeloid leukemia]],
 [[diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]],
 [[gastrointestinal stromal tumors]],
-[[germ cell tumors ]],
+[[germ cell tumors ]] ,
 [[hepatoblastoma]],
 [[hepatocellular carcinoma]],
@@ Line 121: / Line 135: @@
 [[medulloblastoma]],
 [[melanoma]],
-[[Colorectal cancer|metastatic colorectal cancer ]],
+[[Colorectal cancer|metastatic colorectal cancer]] ,
 [[multiple myeloma]],
 [[neuroblastoma]],
 [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]],
-[[ovarian cancer ]],
+[[ovarian cancer ]] ,
 [[rhabdomyosarcoma]],
 [[sarcoma]],
@@ Line 132: / Line 146: @@
 [[thalidomide]],
 [[Richter's transformation|transformed lymphoma]],
-[[Transitional cell carcinoma|urothelial cancer ]]
+[[Transitional cell carcinoma|urothelial cancer]]
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Ophthalmologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+| bgcolor="Beige" |
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Psychiatric'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Pulmonary'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+| bgcolor="Beige" |
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|
+| bgcolor="Beige" |
 No underlying causes|-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Sexual'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Trauma'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Urologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Miscellaneous'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
 |-
 |}