Sandbox: wdx causes: Difference between revisions

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==Differentiating Leukocytosis from Other Diseases==
==Differentiating Leukocytosis from Other Diseases==
*Leukocytosis is defined as an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 11,000 per mm3 (11.0 × 109 per L).
*The most common type of leukocytosis is neutrophilia.
**Neutrophilia can be defined as an increase in the absolute number of mature neutrophils to greater than 7,000 per mm3 [7.0 × 109 per L].
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{|
! rowspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Category
! rowspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Category
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! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Physiologic
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Physiologic
! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |increased bone marrow production
! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Increased bone marrow production
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Appearance
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Appearance
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
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! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |LFT
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |LFT
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |autonomous
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |reactive
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |WBC
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |WBC
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |HB
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |HB
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! rowspan="7" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Hematologic
! rowspan="7" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Hematologic
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Hereditary neutrophilia
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Granulocytosis|Hereditary neutrophilia]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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* Unknown
* Germline mutation in [[CSF3R]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | --
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Rare [[Dominance relationship|autosomal dominant]] genetic disorder
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Positive family history
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |+
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Normal [[Granulocyte|granulocytes]]
* [[Histiocyte|Histiocytes]] of Gaucher type
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Genetics|Genetic]] study
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* High [[leukocyte alkaline phosphatase]]
* Progress to [[leukemia]]
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Hereditary chronic neutrophilia
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Hereditary chronic neutrophilia
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Myeloproliferative neoplasms
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Myeloproliferative neoplasm|Myeloproliferative neoplasms]]
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Polycythemia Vera
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Polycythemia vera]]
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA)
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia]] (MAHA)
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!Leukoerythroblastosis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Leukoerythroblastosis
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Immature thrombocytopenia
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Immune thrombocytopenia
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
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!'''Leukocyte adhesion deficiency'''
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Leukocyte adhesion deficiency]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!'''Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes'''
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Rheumatoid arthritis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Juvenile onset rheumatoid arthritis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis|Juvenile onset rheumatoid arthritis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!adult Still's disease
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Still's disease|Adult Still's disease]]
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!Kawasaki disease
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Kawasaki disease]]
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |IBD
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Inflammatory bowel disease|IBD]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!Sarcoidosis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Sarcoidosis]]
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Chronic hepatitis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Hepatitis|Chronic hepatitis]]
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!Sweet syndrome
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Sweet's syndrome|Sweet syndrome]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Acute Gout
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Gout|Acute gout]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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! rowspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Infections
! rowspan="6" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Infection
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Acute bacterial
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Condition
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Etiology
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Physiologic
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demography
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |History
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Appearance
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Abdominal pain
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Asplenia
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Hepatosplenomegaly
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lymphadenopathy
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Joint redness
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other signs
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |WBC
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |HB
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Plt
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |PBS
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bone marrow exam
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |ESR/CRP
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BUN/Cr
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |LFT
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Infection|Acute bacterial]]
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! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Chronic
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Infection|Chronic infection]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!Viral infection
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Infection|Viral infection]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!granulomatous infections
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Granuloma|Granulomatous]] infections
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!bronchiectasis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Bronchiectasis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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! rowspan="5" |Metabolic
! rowspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Metabolic
!Diabetic coma
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Diabetic coma]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!Acidosis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Acidosis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!Thyroid strom
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Thyroid storm]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!Hypercortisolism
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Cushing's syndrome|Hypercortisolism]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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!Seizures
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Seizure|Seizures]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Category
! rowspan="7" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Medication
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Condition
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Condition
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Etiology
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Etiology
Line 929: Line 962:
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
Line 954: Line 987:
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
|-
|-
! rowspan="7" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Medications
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Steroid|Steriod]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Steriod
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Release of granulocytes from the bone marrow
* Release of granulocytes from the bone marrow
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
Line 985: Line 1,018:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
!myeloid growth factors
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Myeloid growth factors
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
Line 1,015: Line 1,048:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Lithium
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Lithium]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
Line 1,045: Line 1,078:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Beta agonists
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Cytokine|Cytokines]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
Line 1,075: Line 1,108:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Cytokines
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Catecholamine|Catecholamines]] ([[epinephrine]])
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Stimulation of bone marrow myelopoiesis
* Egress into the circulation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
!Catecholamines (epinephrine)
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Tretinoin|ATRA]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Stimulation of bone marrow myelopoiesis and/or egress into the circulation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
!ATRA
! rowspan="10" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Condition
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Physiologic
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demography
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |History
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Appearance
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Abdominal pain
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Asplenia
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Hepatosplenomegaly
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lymphadenopathy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Joint redness
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other signs
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |WBC
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |HB
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Plt
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |PBS
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bone marrow exam
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |ESR/CRP
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BUN/Cr
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |LFT
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
|-
|-
! rowspan="9" |Other
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Allergy]]
!Allergy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Post splenectomy
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Post [[splenectomy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Down syndrome
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Down syndrome]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
!Cigarette smoking
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Smoking|Cigarette smoking]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
!Stress/Exercise
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Stress (medicine)|Stress]]/[[Physical exercise|exercise]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Infancy
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Infant|Infancy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Pregnancy
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Pregnancy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
Line 1,376: Line 1,411:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
!Platelet clumping
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Platelet]] clumping
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Spurious
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Spurious
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
!Mixed cryoglobulinemia
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Cryoglobulinemia|Mixed cryoglobulinemia]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Spurious
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Spurious
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Autonomous increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive increased bone marrow production
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Congenital
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Acquried
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! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
|}
|}
<references />

Latest revision as of 21:38, 17 September 2018

Differentiating Leukocytosis from Other Diseases

Category Condition Etiology Mechanism Congenital Acquried Clinical manifestations Para−clinical findings Gold standard Associated findings
Demography History Symptoms Signs
Lab Findings
Physiologic Increased bone marrow production Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils Appearance Fever Abdominal pain BP Asplenia Hepatosplenomegaly Lymphadenopathy Joint redness Other CBC PBS Bone marrow exam ESR/CRP BUN/Cr LFT
Autonomous Reactive WBC HB Plt
Hematologic Hereditary neutrophilia
  • Unknown
  • Germline mutation in CSF3R
 - + -- - + - Rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder
  • Positive family history
 Normal - - Nl - + - - - ↑ Nl Nl Nl Nl Nl Nl Genetic study
Hereditary chronic neutrophilia
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
Polycythemia vera
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA)
Leukoerythroblastosis
Immune thrombocytopenia
Immunology/

Rheumatology

Condition Etiology Physiologic Autonomous increased bone marrow production Reactive increased bone marrow production Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils Congenital Acquried Demography History Appearance Fever Abdominal pain BP Asplenia Hepatosplenomegaly Lymphadenopathy Joint redness Other signs WBC HB Plt PBS Bone marrow exam ESR/CRP BUN/Cr LFT Gold standard Associated findings
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Juvenile onset rheumatoid arthritis
Adult Still's disease
Kawasaki disease
IBD
Sarcoidosis
Chronic hepatitis
Sweet syndrome
Acute gout
Infection Condition Etiology Physiologic Autonomous increased bone marrow production Reactive increased bone marrow production Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils Congenital Acquried Demography History Appearance Fever Abdominal pain BP Asplenia Hepatosplenomegaly Lymphadenopathy Joint redness Other signs WBC HB Plt PBS Bone marrow exam ESR/CRP BUN/Cr LFT Gold standard Associated findings
Acute bacterial toxic granulations, Döhle bodies, and cytoplasmic vacuoles in neutrophils
Chronic infection
Viral infection
Granulomatous infections
Bronchiectasis
Metabolic Diabetic coma
Acidosis
Thyroid storm
Hypercortisolism
Seizures
Medication Condition Etiology Physiologic Autonomous increased bone marrow production Reactive increased bone marrow production Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils Congenital Acquried Demography History Appearance Fever Abdominal pain BP Asplenia Hepatosplenomegaly Lymphadenopathy Joint redness Other signs WBC HB Plt PBS Bone marrow exam ESR/CRP BUN/Cr LFT Gold standard Associated findings
Steriod
  • Release of granulocytes from the bone marrow
Myeloid growth factors
Lithium
Cytokines
Catecholamines (epinephrine)
  • Stimulation of bone marrow myelopoiesis
  • Egress into the circulation
ATRA
Other Condition Etiology Physiologic Autonomous increased bone marrow production Reactive increased bone marrow production Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils Congenital Acquried Demography History Appearance Fever Abdominal pain BP Asplenia Hepatosplenomegaly Lymphadenopathy Joint redness Other signs WBC HB Plt PBS Bone marrow exam ESR/CRP BUN/Cr LFT Gold standard Associated findings
Allergy
Post splenectomy
Down syndrome
Cigarette smoking
Stress/exercise
Infancy
Pregnancy
Platelet clumping Spurious
Mixed cryoglobulinemia Spurious
Category Condition Etiology Physiologic Autonomous increased bone marrow production Reactive increased bone marrow production Demargination of peripheral blood neutrophils Congenital Acquried Demography History Appearance Fever Abdominal pain BP Asplenia Hepatosplenomegaly Lymphadenopathy Joint redness Other signs WBC HB Plt PBS Bone marrow exam ESR/CRP BUN/Cr LFT Gold standard Associated findings
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