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==Overview==
==Overview==


There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for [disease/malignancy].
Screening for [[breast lumps]] is recommended by breast examination, [[ultrasound]], [[mammography]], [[magnetic resonance imaging]].
 
OR
 
According to the [guideline name], screening for [disease name] is not recommended.
 
OR
 
According to the [guideline name], screening for [disease name] by [test 1] is recommended every [duration] among patients with [condition 1], [condition 2], and [condition 3].
==Screening==
==Screening==
The Screening methods of [[breast lesions]]<ref name="pmid25114845">{{cite journal| author=Shah R, Rosso K, Nathanson SD| title=Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. | journal=World J Clin Oncol | year= 2014 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 283-98 | pmid=25114845 | doi=10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283 | pmc=4127601 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25114845  }} </ref>:
The Screening methods of breast lesions:<ref name="pmid25114845">{{cite journal| author=Shah R, Rosso K, Nathanson SD| title=Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. | journal=World J Clin Oncol | year= 2014 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 283-98 | pmid=25114845 | doi=10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283 | pmc=4127601 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25114845  }} </ref>
* [[Breast examination]]
* [[Breast examination]]
** [[Self breast examination]]
** Self breast examination
*** Although this is controversial, most clinicians recommend women to perform self examination monthly
*** Although this is controversial, most clinicians recommend women to perform self examination monthly.
**[[Clinical breast examination]]
**Clinical breast examination
*** Women with age> 40 years is recommended for clinical breast examination annually
*** Women with age> 40 years is recommended to have clinical breast examination, annually.
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Ultrasound]]
** whole breast ultrasound detects lesions in dense breast tissue which could not be diagnosed by mammography <ref name="pmid19727744">{{cite journal| author=Kelly KM, Dean J, Comulada WS, Lee SJ| title=Breast cancer detection using automated whole breast ultrasound and mammography in radiographically dense breasts. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2010 | volume= 20 | issue= 3 | pages= 734-42 | pmid=19727744 | doi=10.1007/s00330-009-1588-y | pmc=2822222 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19727744  }} </ref>
** Whole breast [[ultrasound]] detects lesions in dense breast tissue which could not be diagnosed by [[mammography]].<ref name="pmid19727744">{{cite journal| author=Kelly KM, Dean J, Comulada WS, Lee SJ| title=Breast cancer detection using automated whole breast ultrasound and mammography in radiographically dense breasts. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2010 | volume= 20 | issue= 3 | pages= 734-42 | pmid=19727744 | doi=10.1007/s00330-009-1588-y | pmc=2822222 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19727744  }} </ref>
*[[Mammography]]
*[[Mammography]]<ref name="pmid15282350">{{cite journal| author=Kriege M, Brekelmans CT, Boetes C, Besnard PE, Zonderland HM, Obdeijn IM et al.| title=Efficacy of MRI and mammography for breast-cancer screening in women with a familial or genetic predisposition. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2004 | volume= 351 | issue= 5 | pages= 427-37 | pmid=15282350 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa031759 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15282350  }}  [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=&cmd=prlinks&id=15656564 Review in: ACP J Club. 2005 Jan-Feb;142(1):23] </ref>
**Gold standard of screening
**[[Gold standard (test)|Gold standard test]] of screening
**Early detection of non-palpabale masses
**Early detection of non-palpabale masses
**Regarding to 2013 NCCN guidelines annual screening in average risk women aged≥ 40 years
**According to 2013 NCCN guidelines
**Regarding to 2013 NCCN guidelines annual screening in high risk women from age of 25 years
***Annual screening in average risk women aged ≥ 40 years
**Sensitivity of 0.33-0.39 and specificity of 0.95  
***Annual screening in high risk women from age of 25 years
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging]]
**[[Sensitivity]] of 0.33-0.39 and [[specificity]] of 0.95  
**Significant method for detection, assessment and management of breast cancer
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging]]<ref name="pmid15282350">{{cite journal| author=Kriege M, Brekelmans CT, Boetes C, Besnard PE, Zonderland HM, Obdeijn IM et al.| title=Efficacy of MRI and mammography for breast-cancer screening in women with a familial or genetic predisposition. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2004 | volume= 351 | issue= 5 | pages= 427-37 | pmid=15282350 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa031759 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15282350  }}  [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=&cmd=prlinks&id=15656564 Review in: ACP J Club. 2005 Jan-Feb;142(1):23] </ref><ref name="pmid18458280">{{cite journal| author=Warner E, Messersmith H, Causer P, Eisen A, Shumak R, Plewes D| title=Systematic review: using magnetic resonance imaging to screen women at high risk for breast cancer. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 2008 | volume= 148 | issue= 9 | pages= 671-9 | pmid=18458280 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18458280  }} </ref>
**Sensitivity of 0.77-0.79 and specificity of 0.86-0.89
**Significant method for detection, assessment, and management of [[breast cancer]]
** Based on 2013 NCCN guidelines annual MRI for individuals with > 20% risk of developing breast cancer in lifetime starting at age of 25 years
**[[Sensitivity]] of 0.77-0.79 and [[specificity]] of 0.86-0.89
** Beneficial modality in high risk individuals
** According on 2013 NCCN guidelines
** Valuable in individuals with equivocal results from other screening tests
*** Annual [[MRI]] for individuals with > 20% risk of developing [[breast cancer]] in lifetime starting at age of 25 years
**Usable for individuals with ineffective mammography results due to breast augmentation
** Beneficial modality for screening in high risk individuals
** Valuable screening method in individuals with equivocal results from other screening tests
**Usable for individuals with ineffective [[mammography]] results due to breast augmentation


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


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Latest revision as of 20:42, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[2]

Overview

Screening for breast lumps is recommended by breast examination, ultrasound, mammography, magnetic resonance imaging.

Screening

The Screening methods of breast lesions:[1]

  • Breast examination
    • Self breast examination
      • Although this is controversial, most clinicians recommend women to perform self examination monthly.
    • Clinical breast examination
      • Women with age> 40 years is recommended to have clinical breast examination, annually.
  • Ultrasound
  • Mammography[3]
    • Gold standard test of screening
    • Early detection of non-palpabale masses
    • According to 2013 NCCN guidelines
      • Annual screening in average risk women aged ≥ 40 years
      • Annual screening in high risk women from age of 25 years
    • Sensitivity of 0.33-0.39 and specificity of 0.95
  • Magnetic resonance imaging[3][4]
    • Significant method for detection, assessment, and management of breast cancer
    • Sensitivity of 0.77-0.79 and specificity of 0.86-0.89
    • According on 2013 NCCN guidelines
      • Annual MRI for individuals with > 20% risk of developing breast cancer in lifetime starting at age of 25 years
    • Beneficial modality for screening in high risk individuals
    • Valuable screening method in individuals with equivocal results from other screening tests
    • Usable for individuals with ineffective mammography results due to breast augmentation

References

  1. ↑ Shah R, Rosso K, Nathanson SD (2014). "Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer". World J Clin Oncol. 5 (3): 283–98. doi:10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283. PMC 4127601. PMID 25114845.
  2. ↑ Kelly KM, Dean J, Comulada WS, Lee SJ (2010). "Breast cancer detection using automated whole breast ultrasound and mammography in radiographically dense breasts". Eur Radiol. 20 (3): 734–42. doi:10.1007/s00330-009-1588-y. PMC 2822222. PMID 19727744.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kriege M, Brekelmans CT, Boetes C, Besnard PE, Zonderland HM, Obdeijn IM; et al. (2004). "Efficacy of MRI and mammography for breast-cancer screening in women with a familial or genetic predisposition". N Engl J Med. 351 (5): 427–37. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa031759. PMID 15282350. Review in: ACP J Club. 2005 Jan-Feb;142(1):23
  4. ↑ Warner E, Messersmith H, Causer P, Eisen A, Shumak R, Plewes D (2008). "Systematic review: using magnetic resonance imaging to screen women at high risk for breast cancer". Ann Intern Med. 148 (9): 671–9. PMID 18458280.


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