Epilepsy primary prevention: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
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{{Epilepsy}}
{{Epilepsy}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Fs}}
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== overview ==
== overview ==
Effective measures for the [[primary prevention]] of epilepsy include reducing the chance of possible epilepsy causes to happen including [[Head trauma]], [[Hypoglycemia]], [[Cerebral palsy]], [[Electrolyte disturbances]], [[fever]], drug abuse and [[Vitamin deficiency]] and reduce the [[seizure]] triggers such as [[sleep deprivation]], [[fever]], light flashing, [[hyperventilation]], alcohol, physical stress such as [[physical exercise]] or illness, [[psychological stress]] and [[depression]].


== Primary Prevention ==
== Primary Prevention ==
* Effective measures for the primary prevention of epilepsy include:
* Effective measures for the [[primary prevention]] of epilepsy include:
** In healthy people, we can prevent epilepsy by reducing the chance of possible epilepsy causes to happen such as:  
** In healthy people, we can prevent epilepsy by reducing the chance of possible epilepsy causes to happen such as:
[[Head trauma]]<ref name="pmid11034867">{{cite journal |vauthors=Annegers JF, Coan SP |title=The risks of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury |journal=Seizure |volume=9 |issue=7 |pages=453–7 |date=October 2000 |pmid=11034867 |doi=10.1053/seiz.2000.0458 |url=}}</ref>
*** [[Head trauma]]<ref name="pmid11034867">{{cite journal |vauthors=Annegers JF, Coan SP |title=The risks of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury |journal=Seizure |volume=9 |issue=7 |pages=453–7 |date=October 2000 |pmid=11034867 |doi=10.1053/seiz.2000.0458 |url=}}</ref>  
 
*** [[Hypoglycemia]]<ref name="pmid27796422">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dafoulas GE, Toulis KA, Mccorry D, Kumarendran B, Thomas GN, Willis BH, Gokhale K, Gkoutos G, Narendran P, Nirantharakumar K |title=Type 1 diabetes mellitus and risk of incident epilepsy: a population-based, open-cohort study |journal=Diabetologia |volume=60 |issue=2 |pages=258–261 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27796422 |doi=10.1007/s00125-016-4142-x |url=}}</ref>
[[Brain tumor]]<ref name="pmid26948360">{{cite journal |vauthors=Englot DJ, Chang EF, Vecht CJ |title=Epilepsy and brain tumors |journal=Handb Clin Neurol |volume=134 |issue= |pages=267–85 |date=2016 |pmid=26948360 |pmc=4803433 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-802997-8.00016-5 |url=}}</ref>
*** [[Cerebral palsy]]<ref name="pmid14755984">{{cite journal |vauthors=Diaconu G, Burlea M, Grigore I, Frasin M |title=[Epilepsy in different types of cerebral palsy] |language=Romanian |journal=Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi |volume=107 |issue=1 |pages=136–9 |date=2003 |pmid=14755984 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
*** [[Electrolyte disturbances]]<ref name="pmid11754308">{{cite journal |vauthors=Riggs JE |title=Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances |journal=Neurol Clin |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=227–39, vii |date=February 2002 |pmid=11754308 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
[[Brain hemorrhage]]<ref name="pmid2761703">{{cite journal |vauthors=Faught E, Peters D, Bartolucci A, Moore L, Miller PC |title=Seizures after primary intracerebral hemorrhage |journal=Neurology |volume=39 |issue=8 |pages=1089–93 |date=August 1989 |pmid=2761703 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*** [[Fever]]<ref name="pmid11918463">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shinnar S, Glauser TA |title=Febrile seizures |journal=J. Child Neurol. |volume=17 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S44–52 |date=January 2002 |pmid=11918463 |doi=10.1177/08830738020170010601 |url=}}</ref>
 
*** Drug abuse<ref name="pmid7818246">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cendes F, Andermann F, Carpenter S, Zatorre RJ, Cashman NR |title=Temporal lobe epilepsy caused by domoic acid intoxication: evidence for glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in humans |journal=Ann. Neurol. |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=123–6 |date=January 1995 |pmid=7818246 |doi=10.1002/ana.410370125 |url=}}</ref>
[[Encephalitis]]<ref name="pmid18754956">{{cite journal |vauthors=Misra UK, Tan CT, Kalita J |title=Viral encephalitis and epilepsy |journal=Epilepsia |volume=49 Suppl 6 |issue= |pages=13–8 |date=August 2008 |pmid=18754956 |doi=10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01751.x |url=}}</ref>
*** [[Vitamin deficiency]]<ref name="pmid2044623">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keyser A, De Bruijn SF |title=Epileptic manifestations and vitamin B1 deficiency |journal=Eur. Neurol. |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=121–5 |date=1991 |pmid=2044623 |doi=10.1159/000116660 |url=}}</ref>
 
** In patients who already have epilepsy, we can reduce the [[seizure]] triggers such as:<ref name="pmid8362382">{{cite journal |vauthors=Løyning Y |title=[Seizures and traffic risks] |language=Norwegian |journal=Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. |volume=113 |issue=18 |pages=2231 |date=August 1993 |pmid=8362382 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18824131">{{cite journal |vauthors=Thapar A, Kerr M, Harold G |title=Stress, anxiety, depression, and epilepsy: investigating the relationship between psychological factors and seizures |journal=Epilepsy Behav |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=134–40 |date=January 2009 |pmid=18824131 |doi=10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.09.004 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15409992">{{cite journal |vauthors=LEVIN M |title=The pathogenesis of narcoleptic and epileptic seizures occurring under acute emotional stress |journal=J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. |volume=111 |issue=2 |pages=101–8 |date=February 1950 |pmid=15409992 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
[[Hypoglycemia]]<ref name="pmid27796422">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dafoulas GE, Toulis KA, Mccorry D, Kumarendran B, Thomas GN, Willis BH, Gokhale K, Gkoutos G, Narendran P, Nirantharakumar K |title=Type 1 diabetes mellitus and risk of incident epilepsy: a population-based, open-cohort study |journal=Diabetologia |volume=60 |issue=2 |pages=258–261 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27796422 |doi=10.1007/s00125-016-4142-x |url=}}</ref>
*** [[Sleep deprivation]]
 
*** [[Fever]]
[[Hypoxic encephalopathy]]<ref name="pmid7407585">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sloper JJ, Johnson P, Powell TP |title=Selective degeneration of interneurons in the motor cortex of infant monkeys following controlled hypoxia: a possible cause of epilepsy |journal=Brain Res. |volume=198 |issue=1 |pages=204–9 |date=September 1980 |pmid=7407585 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
[[Stroke]]<ref name="pmid24641717">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chung JM |title=Seizures in the acute stroke setting |journal=Neurol. Res. |volume=36 |issue=5 |pages=403–6 |date=May 2014 |pmid=24641717 |doi=10.1179/1743132814Y.0000000352 |url=}}</ref>
 
===Common Causes===
[[Cerebral palsy]]<ref name="pmid14755984">{{cite journal |vauthors=Diaconu G, Burlea M, Grigore I, Frasin M |title=[Epilepsy in different types of cerebral palsy] |language=Romanian |journal=Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi |volume=107 |issue=1 |pages=136–9 |date=2003 |pmid=14755984 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
 
[[Electrolyte disturbances]]<ref name="pmid11754308">{{cite journal |vauthors=Riggs JE |title=Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances |journal=Neurol Clin |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=227–39, vii |date=February 2002 |pmid=11754308 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
[[Epileptic encephalopathy - Lennox-Gastaut type]]<ref name="pmid14734932">{{cite journal |vauthors=Markand ON |title=Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (childhood epileptic encephalopathy) |journal=J Clin Neurophysiol |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=426–41 |date=2003 |pmid=14734932 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
[[Febrile Seizures]]<ref name="pmid11918463">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shinnar S, Glauser TA |title=Febrile seizures |journal=J. Child Neurol. |volume=17 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S44–52 |date=January 2002 |pmid=11918463 |doi=10.1177/08830738020170010601 |url=}}</ref>  
 
[[Huntington's]]<ref name="pmid23124580">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cloud LJ, Rosenblatt A, Margolis RL, Ross CA, Pillai JA, Corey-Bloom J, Tully HM, Bird T, Panegyres PK, Nichter CA, Higgins DS, Helmers SL, Factor SA, Jones R, Testa CM |title=Seizures in juvenile Huntington's disease: frequency and characterization in a multicenter cohort |journal=Mov. Disord. |volume=27 |issue=14 |pages=1797–800 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23124580 |doi=10.1002/mds.25237 |url=}}</ref>
 
[[Intoxication]]<ref name="pmid7818246">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cendes F, Andermann F, Carpenter S, Zatorre RJ, Cashman NR |title=Temporal lobe epilepsy caused by domoic acid intoxication: evidence for glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in humans |journal=Ann. Neurol. |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=123–6 |date=January 1995 |pmid=7818246 |doi=10.1002/ana.410370125 |url=}}</ref>
 
[[Uremia]]<ref name="pmid1469446">{{cite journal |vauthors=D'Hooge R, Pei YQ, Marescau B, De Deyn PP |title=Convulsive action and toxicity of uremic guanidino compounds: behavioral assessment and relation to brain concentration in adult mice |journal=J. Neurol. Sci. |volume=112 |issue=1-2 |pages=96–105 |date=October 1992 |pmid=1469446 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
=== less common causes ===
[[Vitamin deficiency]]<ref name="pmid2044623">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keyser A, De Bruijn SF |title=Epileptic manifestations and vitamin B1 deficiency |journal=Eur. Neurol. |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=121–5 |date=1991 |pmid=2044623 |doi=10.1159/000116660 |url=}}</ref>
 
** In patients who already have epilepsy, we can reduce the triggers of seizure such as:<ref name="pmid8362382">{{cite journal |vauthors=Løyning Y |title=[Seizures and traffic risks] |language=Norwegian |journal=Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. |volume=113 |issue=18 |pages=2231 |date=August 1993 |pmid=8362382 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18824131">{{cite journal |vauthors=Thapar A, Kerr M, Harold G |title=Stress, anxiety, depression, and epilepsy: investigating the relationship between psychological factors and seizures |journal=Epilepsy Behav |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=134–40 |date=January 2009 |pmid=18824131 |doi=10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.09.004 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15409992">{{cite journal |vauthors=LEVIN M |title=The pathogenesis of narcoleptic and epileptic seizures occurring under acute emotional stress |journal=J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. |volume=111 |issue=2 |pages=101–8 |date=February 1950 |pmid=15409992 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*** Sleep deprivation
*** Fever
*** Light flashing
*** Light flashing
*** Hyperventilation
*** [[Hyperventilation]]
*** Alcohol
*** Alcohol
*** Physical stress such as physical exercise or illness
*** Physical stress such as physical exercise or illness
*** Psychological stress
*** [[Psychological stress]]
*** Depression
*** [[Depression]]
 
==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Primary care]]

Latest revision as of 21:37, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

overview

Effective measures for the primary prevention of epilepsy include reducing the chance of possible epilepsy causes to happen including Head trauma, Hypoglycemia, Cerebral palsy, Electrolyte disturbances, fever, drug abuse and Vitamin deficiency and reduce the seizure triggers such as sleep deprivation, fever, light flashing, hyperventilation, alcohol, physical stress such as physical exercise or illness, psychological stress and depression.

Primary Prevention

References

  1. ↑ Annegers JF, Coan SP (October 2000). "The risks of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury". Seizure. 9 (7): 453–7. doi:10.1053/seiz.2000.0458. PMID 11034867.
  2. ↑ Dafoulas GE, Toulis KA, Mccorry D, Kumarendran B, Thomas GN, Willis BH, Gokhale K, Gkoutos G, Narendran P, Nirantharakumar K (February 2017). "Type 1 diabetes mellitus and risk of incident epilepsy: a population-based, open-cohort study". Diabetologia. 60 (2): 258–261. doi:10.1007/s00125-016-4142-x. PMID 27796422.
  3. ↑ Diaconu G, Burlea M, Grigore I, Frasin M (2003). "[Epilepsy in different types of cerebral palsy]". Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi (in Romanian). 107 (1): 136–9. PMID 14755984.
  4. ↑ Riggs JE (February 2002). "Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances". Neurol Clin. 20 (1): 227–39, vii. PMID 11754308.
  5. ↑ Shinnar S, Glauser TA (January 2002). "Febrile seizures". J. Child Neurol. 17 Suppl 1: S44–52. doi:10.1177/08830738020170010601. PMID 11918463.
  6. ↑ Cendes F, Andermann F, Carpenter S, Zatorre RJ, Cashman NR (January 1995). "Temporal lobe epilepsy caused by domoic acid intoxication: evidence for glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in humans". Ann. Neurol. 37 (1): 123–6. doi:10.1002/ana.410370125. PMID 7818246.
  7. ↑ Keyser A, De Bruijn SF (1991). "Epileptic manifestations and vitamin B1 deficiency". Eur. Neurol. 31 (3): 121–5. doi:10.1159/000116660. PMID 2044623.
  8. ↑ Løyning Y (August 1993). "[Seizures and traffic risks]". Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. (in Norwegian). 113 (18): 2231. PMID 8362382.
  9. ↑ Thapar A, Kerr M, Harold G (January 2009). "Stress, anxiety, depression, and epilepsy: investigating the relationship between psychological factors and seizures". Epilepsy Behav. 14 (1): 134–40. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.09.004. PMID 18824131.
  10. ↑ LEVIN M (February 1950). "The pathogenesis of narcoleptic and epileptic seizures occurring under acute emotional stress". J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 111 (2): 101–8. PMID 15409992.

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