Carcinoid syndrome classification: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{Anum}}{{PSD}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
[[Gastroenteropancreatic]] [[neuroendocrine tumors]] are classified based on their origin from the [[embryonic]] divisions of the [[alimentary tract]] into [[foregut]] [[Bronchial|(bronchial]], [[stomach]]), [[midgut]] ([[small intestine]], [[appendix]], [[cecum]]) and [[hindgut]] ([[Colon|distal colon]], [[rectum]], [[genitourinary]]) [[Tumour|tumours.]] | |||
==Classification== | |||
*[[Gastroenterology|Gastroentero]]-[[pancreatic]] [[Neuroendocrine tumor|neuroendocrine tumors]] are classified based on their origin from the [[embryonic]] divisions of the [[alimentary tract]]: | |||
#[[Foregut]] [[Bronchial|(bronchial]], [[stomach]]) | |||
#[[Midgut]] ([[small intestine]], [[appendix]], [[cecum]]) | |||
#[[Hindgut]] ([[Colon|distal colon]], [[rectum]], [[genitourinary]]) | |||
*Gasroenteropancreatic- [[neuroendocrine tumor]] produce a number of [[Secretory component|secretory]] products, resulting in a wide range of clinica[[Symptoms|l symptoms.]]<ref name="pmid29260133">{{cite journal |vauthors=Büyükaşık K, Arı A, Tatar C, Akçe B, Sevinç MM, Sarı S, Paşaoğlu E, Bektaş H |title=Clinicopathological features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective evaluation of 42 cases |journal=Turk J Surg |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=279–283 |date=2017 |pmid=29260133 |doi=10.5152/UCD.2017.3685 |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid26911175">{{cite journal |vauthors=Davies L, Weickert MO |title=Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: an overview |journal=Br J Nurs |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=S12–5 |date=2016 |pmid=26911175 |doi=10.12968/bjon.2016.25.4.S12 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21311954">{{cite journal |vauthors=Oberg K, Castellano D |title=Current knowledge on diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumors |journal=Cancer Metastasis Rev. |volume=30 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=3–7 |date=March 2011 |pmid=21311954 |doi=10.1007/s10555-011-9292-1 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*[[Midgut]] [[gastrointestinal]] tract [[neuroendocrine tumor|neuroendocrine tumors]] produce [[serotonin]] and other [[vasoactive]] [[substances]] that causes the manifestations of typical [[Carcinoid Syndrome|carcinoid syndrome.]] | |||
*[[Lung]] [[neuroendocrine tumors]] produce less quantities of [[serotonin]]. | |||
*[[Carcinoid Syndrome|Carcinoid syndrome]] is caused less commonly by [[lung]] [[neuroendocrine tumor]] and most often by [[tumors]] of large [[size]] (>5 cm). | |||
{{Carcinoid syndrome}} | {{Carcinoid syndrome}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+<big> | |+<big>Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors</big> | ||
! | ! | ||
!'''Foregut''' | !'''[[Foregut]]''' | ||
!'''Midgut''' | !'''[[Midgut]]''' | ||
!'''Hindgut''' | !'''[[Hindgut]]''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''' | |'''Location''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Stomach | * [[Stomach]] | ||
* Duodenum | * [[Duodenum]] | ||
* Bronchus | * [[Bronchus]] | ||
* Thymus | * [[Thymus]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Jejunum | * [[Jejunum]] | ||
* Ileum | * [[Ileum]] | ||
* Appendix | * [[Appendix]] | ||
* Ascending colon | * [[Ascending colon]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Transverse | * [[Transverse colon]] | ||
* Descending colon | * [[Descending colon]] | ||
* Sigmoid colon | * [[Sigmoid colon]] | ||
* Rectum | * [[Rectum]] | ||
* Genitourinary | * [[Genitourinary]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''' | |'''[[Hormones]] produced''' | ||
| | | | ||
* 5-hydroxytryptophan | * [[5-hydroxytryptophan]] | ||
* Histamine | * [[Histamine]] | ||
* Multiple polypeptides | * [[Multiple polypeptides]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Serotonin | * [[Serotonin]] | ||
* Prostaglandins | * [[Prostaglandins]] | ||
* Polypeptides | * [[Polypeptides]] | ||
|Variable | |Variable | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''' | |'''Possibility of [[carcinoid]] [[syndrome]]''' | ||
|Rare, and atypical when it | |Rare, and atypical when it occurs | ||
|Classic | |Classic | ||
|Rare | |Rare | ||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 20:04, 1 May 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anum Gull M.B.B.S.[2]Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [3]
Overview
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are classified based on their origin from the embryonic divisions of the alimentary tract into foregut (bronchial, stomach), midgut (small intestine, appendix, cecum) and hindgut (distal colon, rectum, genitourinary) tumours.
Classification
- Gastroentero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are classified based on their origin from the embryonic divisions of the alimentary tract:
- Foregut (bronchial, stomach)
- Midgut (small intestine, appendix, cecum)
- Hindgut (distal colon, rectum, genitourinary)
- Gasroenteropancreatic- neuroendocrine tumor produce a number of secretory products, resulting in a wide range of clinical symptoms.[1] [2][3]
- Midgut gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors produce serotonin and other vasoactive substances that causes the manifestations of typical carcinoid syndrome.
- Lung neuroendocrine tumors produce less quantities of serotonin.
- Carcinoid syndrome is caused less commonly by lung neuroendocrine tumor and most often by tumors of large size (>5 cm).
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Carcinoid syndrome classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Carcinoid syndrome classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Carcinoid syndrome classification |
| Foregut | Midgut | Hindgut | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Location | |||
| Hormones produced | Variable | ||
| Possibility of carcinoid syndrome | Rare, and atypical when it occurs | Classic | Rare |
References
- ↑ Büyükaşık K, Arı A, Tatar C, Akçe B, Sevinç MM, Sarı S, Paşaoğlu E, Bektaş H (2017). "Clinicopathological features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective evaluation of 42 cases". Turk J Surg. 33 (4): 279–283. doi:10.5152/UCD.2017.3685. PMID 29260133.
- ↑ Davies L, Weickert MO (2016). "Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: an overview". Br J Nurs. 25 (4): S12–5. doi:10.12968/bjon.2016.25.4.S12. PMID 26911175.
- ↑ Oberg K, Castellano D (March 2011). "Current knowledge on diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumors". Cancer Metastasis Rev. 30 Suppl 1: 3–7. doi:10.1007/s10555-011-9292-1. PMID 21311954.