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==Overview==
==Overview==
Astrocytoma was the first [[glioma]] [[tumor]] to be described. It was first explained as glioma duram by Virchow in 1840 and then as spider [[cell]] glioma by T.Simon in 1874 and astroma by M von Lenhossek in 1895. Histological description of astrocytoma was first given by Bergstrand in 1932.
Astrocytoma was the first [[glioma]] [[tumor]] to be described. It was first explained as glioma duram by Virchow in 1840 and then as spider [[cell]] glioma by T.Simon in 1874 and astroma by M von Lenhossek in 1895. [[Histology|Histological]] description of astrocytoma was first given by Bergstrand in 1932.


==Historical Perspective==
==Historical Perspective==
* Astrocytoma was the first [[glioma]] [[tumor]] to be described.
 
=== Discovery ===
* Astrocytoma was the first [[glioma]] [[tumor]] to be described.<ref>{{cite book | last = lch | first = Klaus | title = Brain Tumors Their Biology and Pathology | publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg | location = Berlin, Heidelberg | year = 1986 | isbn = 978-3-642-68180-6 }}</ref>
* Astrocytoma was first explained as glioma duram by Virchow in 1840.
* Astrocytoma was first explained as glioma duram by Virchow in 1840.
* Astrocytoma was decribed as spider [[cell]] glioma by T.Simon in 1874.
* Astrocytoma was decribed as spider [[cell]] glioma by T.Simon in 1874.
* Astrocytoma was also described as astroma by M von Lenhossek in 1895.
* Astrocytoma was also described as astroma by M. von Lenhossek in 1895.
* Earlier nomenclatures included:
* Earlier nomenclatures included:
:* Amoebiod giant cell [[glioma]] in 1918 by O Lotmar
:* Amoebiod giant cell [[glioma]] in 1918 by O Lotmar
:* [[Fibrillary astrocytoma|Fibrillary]], [[protoplasmic astrocytoma]] and astroblastoma in 1926 by Baley and Cushing
:* [[Fibrillary astrocytoma|Fibrillary]], [[protoplasmic astrocytoma]] and astroblastoma in 1926 by Baley and Cushing
:* Afibrillary and gigantocellular astrocytoma in 1932 by Roussy and Oberling
:* Afibrillary and gigantocellular astrocytoma in 1932 by Roussy and Oberling
:* Piloid, gemistocytic and [[diffuse astrocytoma]] in 1932 by Penfield <ref>{{cite book | last = lch | first = Klaus | title = Brain Tumors Their Biology and Pathology | publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg | location = Berlin, Heidelberg | year = 1986 | isbn = 978-3-642-68180-6 }}</ref>
:* Piloid, gemistocytic and [[diffuse astrocytoma]] in 1932 by Penfield  
* Cerebellar astrocytoma was first described by Harvey Cushing in 1931.<ref name="pmid25792358">{{cite journal| author=Collins VP, Jones DT, Giannini C| title=Pilocytic astrocytoma: pathology, molecular mechanisms and markers. | journal=Acta Neuropathol | year= 2015 | volume= 129 | issue= 6 | pages= 775-88 | pmid=25792358 | doi=10.1007/s00401-015-1410-7 | pmc=PMC4436848 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25792358  }} </ref>
*[[Cerebellar]] astrocytoma was first described by Harvey Cushing in 1931.<ref name="pmid25792358">{{cite journal| author=Collins VP, Jones DT, Giannini C| title=Pilocytic astrocytoma: pathology, molecular mechanisms and markers. | journal=Acta Neuropathol | year= 2015 | volume= 129 | issue= 6 | pages= 775-88 | pmid=25792358 | doi=10.1007/s00401-015-1410-7 | pmc=PMC4436848 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25792358  }} </ref>
* Histological description of astrocytoma was first given by Bergstrand in 1932.<ref>{{cite book | last = lch | first = Klaus | title = Brain Tumors Their Biology and Pathology | publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg | location = Berlin, Heidelberg | year = 1986 | isbn = 978-3-642-68178-3 }}</ref>
*[[Histological]] description of astrocytoma was first given by Bergstrand in 1932.<ref>{{cite book | last = lch | first = Klaus | title = Brain Tumors Their Biology and Pathology | publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg | location = Berlin, Heidelberg | year = 1986 | isbn = 978-3-642-68178-3 }}</ref>
==Famous Cases==
===Famous Cases===
* In March 1990, prolific United States Republican Party political strategist Lee Atwater was diagnosed with astrocytoma after a [[tumor]] was found in his right [[parietal lobe]]. After undergoing [[radiation therapy]] (including the then-new implant [[radiation]] treatment), Atwater died the following year at the age of 40.<ref>Brady, John (December 1, 1996). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/books/bckgrnd/atwater.htm "I'm Still Lee Atwater"], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', retrieved 2010-04-11.</ref>
* Prolific United States Republican Party political strategist Lee Atwater.<ref>Brady, John (December 1, 1996). [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/books/bckgrnd/atwater.htm "I'm Still Lee Atwater"], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', retrieved 2010-04-11.</ref>


* Long-time U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) died of [[malignant]] [[glioma]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/08/26/kennedy.brain.cancer.treatments/index.html |title=Kennedy fought aggressive cancer |accessdate=2010-02-27 |date=August 26, 2009 |work= |publisher=[[CNN]] }}</ref> The course of his [[illness]] suggests [[glioblastoma multiforme]]. After his initial [[seizure]] and subsequent [[diagnosis]] in May 2008, he chose aggressive [[treatment]] and survived 15 months.
* U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) died of [[malignant]] [[glioma]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/08/26/kennedy.brain.cancer.treatments/index.html |title=Kennedy fought aggressive cancer |accessdate=2010-02-27 |date=August 26, 2009 |work= |publisher=[[CNN]] }}</ref>  


* 2001 World Rally Championship winner Richard Burns was diagnosed with it after suffering a [[Syncope (medicine)|blackout]] while traveling to the 2003 Wales Rally GB.  He died on 25 November 2005, four years to the day after winning the World Rally Championship Championship.
* 2001 World Rally Championship winner Richard.


* Doctors diagnosed composer George Gershwin with a [[glioblastoma multiforme]] in 1937.  However, recent studies indicate that this diagnosis may have been incorrect.  Some believe it may have been a [[pilocytic astrocytoma]].
* Composer George Gershwin had [[glioblastoma multiforme]].


* University of Texas sniper Charles Whitman who killed multiple people during a mass murder event in 1966 was diagnosed with astrocytoma post-mortem. The Connally Commission investigating the shooting concluded the [[tumor]] "conceivably could have contributed to his inability to control his emotions and actions."<ref>Waring, Thomas R., ed. "Jury Blames Tumor For Killings: Doctor Says Whitman Unaffected"" The News and Courier [Charleston] 05 Aug. 1966: 9B. Print.</ref>
* University of Texas sniper Charles Whitman was diagnosed with astrocytoma post-mortem. <ref>Waring, Thomas R., ed. "Jury Blames Tumor For Killings: Doctor Says Whitman Unaffected"" The News and Courier [Charleston] 05 Aug. 1966: 9B. Print.</ref>


* Mo Mowlam (Secretary of State for Northern Ireland May 1997 - October 1999) - had a mild form of [[glioma]] on left [[frontal lobe]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1243810/Mo-Mowlam-told-PM-brain-tumour-benign-job-Cabinet-minister.html | location=London | work=Daily Mail | first=Julia | last=Langdon | title=Mo Mowlam told PM brain tumour was benign to get job as Cabinet minister | date=17 January 2010}}</ref>
* Mo Mowlam (Secretary of State for Northern Ireland May 1997 - October 1999) - had [[glioma]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1243810/Mo-Mowlam-told-PM-brain-tumour-benign-job-Cabinet-minister.html | location=London | work=Daily Mail | first=Julia | last=Langdon | title=Mo Mowlam told PM brain tumour was benign to get job as Cabinet minister | date=17 January 2010}}</ref>


* Dan Quisenberry (Major League pitcher) was diagnosed with grade IV astrocytoma in January 1998. He died in 1998 in Leawood, Kansas.<ref>Henderson, Heather (1999). "[[Dan Quisenberry - In His Own Words]]" The 1999 Big Bad Baseball Annual. Retrieved June 24, 2013.</ref>
* Dan Quisenberry (Major League pitcher) had grade IV astrocytoma.<ref>Henderson, Heather (1999). "[[Dan Quisenberry - In His Own Words]]" The 1999 Big Bad Baseball Annual. Retrieved June 24, 2013.</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:05, 25 October 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2], Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

Astrocytoma was the first glioma tumor to be described. It was first explained as glioma duram by Virchow in 1840 and then as spider cell glioma by T.Simon in 1874 and astroma by M von Lenhossek in 1895. Histological description of astrocytoma was first given by Bergstrand in 1932.

Historical Perspective

Discovery

  • Astrocytoma was the first glioma tumor to be described.[1]
  • Astrocytoma was first explained as glioma duram by Virchow in 1840.
  • Astrocytoma was decribed as spider cell glioma by T.Simon in 1874.
  • Astrocytoma was also described as astroma by M. von Lenhossek in 1895.
  • Earlier nomenclatures included:
  • Cerebellar astrocytoma was first described by Harvey Cushing in 1931.[2]
  • Histological description of astrocytoma was first given by Bergstrand in 1932.[3]

Famous Cases

  • Prolific United States Republican Party political strategist Lee Atwater.[4]
  • 2001 World Rally Championship winner Richard.
  • University of Texas sniper Charles Whitman was diagnosed with astrocytoma post-mortem. [6]
  • Mo Mowlam (Secretary of State for Northern Ireland May 1997 - October 1999) - had glioma.[7]
  • Dan Quisenberry (Major League pitcher) had grade IV astrocytoma.[8]

References

  1. ↑ lch, Klaus (1986). Brain Tumors Their Biology and Pathology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3-642-68180-6.
  2. ↑ Collins VP, Jones DT, Giannini C (2015). "Pilocytic astrocytoma: pathology, molecular mechanisms and markers". Acta Neuropathol. 129 (6): 775–88. doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1410-7. PMC 4436848. PMID 25792358.
  3. ↑ lch, Klaus (1986). Brain Tumors Their Biology and Pathology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3-642-68178-3.
  4. ↑ Brady, John (December 1, 1996). "I'm Still Lee Atwater", The Washington Post, retrieved 2010-04-11.
  5. ↑ "Kennedy fought aggressive cancer". CNN. August 26, 2009. Retrieved 2010-02-27.
  6. ↑ Waring, Thomas R., ed. "Jury Blames Tumor For Killings: Doctor Says Whitman Unaffected"" The News and Courier [Charleston] 05 Aug. 1966: 9B. Print.
  7. ↑ Langdon, Julia (17 January 2010). "Mo Mowlam told PM brain tumour was benign to get job as Cabinet minister". Daily Mail. London.
  8. ↑ Henderson, Heather (1999). "Dan Quisenberry - In His Own Words" The 1999 Big Bad Baseball Annual. Retrieved June 24, 2013.

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