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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} | | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} |
| == Overview == | | == Overview == |
| Intravenous pyelography is considered the best initial test.However,Contrast-enhanced CT is the modality of choice for evaluation of the horseshoe kidney and relation to surrounding structures | | [[Intravenous pyelogram|Intravenous pyelography]] is considered the best initial test. |
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| == Diagnostic Study of Choice == | | == Diagnostic Study of Choice == |
| | | * [[Intravenous pyelogram|Intravenous pyelography]] is considered the best initial test. However, [[CT scan|contrast-enhanced CT scan]] is the modality of choice for evaluation of the horseshoe kidney and relation to surrounding structures.<ref name="OjiliShah2017">{{cite journal|last1=Ojili|first1=Vijayanadh|last2=Shah|first2=HardikU|title=Multimodality imaging spectrum of complications of horseshoe kidney|journal=Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging|volume=27|issue=2|year=2017|pages=133|issn=0971-3026|doi=10.4103/ijri.IJRI_298_16}}</ref> |
| === Study of choice ===
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| [Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name]. | |
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| OR
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| The following result of [gold standard test] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
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| * [Result 1]
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| * [Result 2]
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| OR
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| [Name of the investigation] must be performed when:
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| * The patient presents with [symptom/sign 1], [symptom/sign 2], and [symptom/sign 3].
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| * A [name of test] is positive for [sign 1], [sign 2], and [sign 3] in the patient.
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| OR
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| [Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name]. | |
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| OR
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| The diagnostic study of choice for [disease name] is [name of the investigation].
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| OR
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| There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name].
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| OR
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| There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name], but [disease name] can be diagnosed based on [name of the investigation 1] and [name of the investigation 2].
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| OR
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| [Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on the clinical presentation.
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| OR
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| Investigations:
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| * Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most specific test for the diagnosis.
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| * Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most sensitive test for diagnosis.
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| * Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most efficient test for diagnosis.
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| ==== The comparison of various diagnostic studies for [disease name] ==== | |
| {| | |
| |- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | |
| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | Test
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Sensitivity
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Specificity
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| |- | |
| ! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 1
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| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...% | |
| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...% | |
| |- | |
| ! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 2
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| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...% | |
| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...% | |
| |}
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| <small> [Name of test with higher sensitivity and specificity] is the preferred investigation based on the sensitivity and specificity</small>
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| ===== Diagnostic results =====
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| The following finding(s) on performing [investigation name] is(are) confirmatory for [disease name]:
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| * [Finding 1]
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| * [Finding 2]
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| ===== Sequence of Diagnostic Studies =====
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| The [name of investigation] must be performed when:
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| * The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1, 2, and 3 as the first step of diagnosis.
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| * A positive [test] is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
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| OR
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| The various investigations must be performed in the following order:
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| * [Initial investigation]
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| * [2nd investigation]
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| === Name of Diagnostic Criteria ===
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| '''It is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.'''
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| [Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
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| OR
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| There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
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| OR
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| [Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
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| * Criteria 1
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| * Criteria 2
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| * Criteria 3
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| OR
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| '''IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria'''
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
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| OR
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| '''IF there are no established diagnostic criteria'''
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| There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
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| ==References== | | ==References== |