Sandbox: Gertrude: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(64 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Xyz}}
{{Xyz}}
'''For patient information, click [[Xyz (patient information)|here]]'''
* '''For patient information, click [[Xyz (patient information)|here]]'''
 
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}, {{G.D.}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}, {{G.D.}}


Line 307: Line 306:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
|-
|-
! rowspan="6" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Bacterial lymphadenopathy
! rowspan="6" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Bacterial]] [[lymphadenopathy]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Tularemia
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Tularemia
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Line 340: Line 339:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Cat-scratch disease<ref name="urlCat-Scratch Disease in the United States, 2005–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC">{{cite web |url=https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/10/16-0115_article |title=Cat-Scratch Disease in the United States, 2005–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Cat-scratch disease]]<ref name="urlCat-Scratch Disease in the United States, 2005–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC">{{cite web |url=https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/10/16-0115_article |title=Cat-Scratch Disease in the United States, 2005–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="HansmannDeMartino2005">{{cite journal|last1=Hansmann|first1=Y.|last2=DeMartino|first2=S.|last3=Piemont|first3=Y.|last4=Meyer|first4=N.|last5=Mariet|first5=P.|last6=Heller|first6=R.|last7=Christmann|first7=D.|last8=Jaulhac|first8=B.|title=Diagnosis of Cat Scratch Disease with Detection of Bartonella henselae by PCR: a Study of Patients with Lymph Node Enlargement|journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology|volume=43|issue=8|year=2005|pages=3800–3806|issn=0095-1137|doi=10.1128/JCM.43.8.3800-3806.2005}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in the Southern of U.S among children and young adults.
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Cat exposure
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Fever
* More common in the Southern of U.S among [[children]] and young adults.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Cat exposure
 
* [[Fever]]
 
* [[Fatigue]]
 
* [[Headache]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Tender cervical nodes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Vesicular, Erythema, Papule at site of inoculation
* Tender [[cervical]] [[Lymph node|nodes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Vesicular]]
 
* [[Erythema]] 
* [[Papule]] at site of inoculation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Satellite micro-abscess with granuloma
* ↑ [[ESR]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
[[Serology]]:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
* + [[antibody]] to [[Bartonella]] Henselae
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Satellite [[micro]]-[[abscess]] with [[granuloma]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Bacillary angiomatosis|Bacillary]] [[Angiomatosis]]
 
* [[Bacillary angiomatosis|Bacillary]] Peliosis
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Actinomycosis  
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Actinomycosis]]<ref name="pmid25045274">{{cite journal |vauthors=Valour F, Sénéchal A, Dupieux C, Karsenty J, Lustig S, Breton P, Gleizal A, Boussel L, Laurent F, Braun E, Chidiac C, Ader F, Ferry T |title=Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management |journal=Infect Drug Resist |volume=7 |issue= |pages=183–97 |date=2014 |pmid=25045274 |pmc=4094581 |doi=10.2147/IDR.S39601 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27311002">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bonnefond S, Catroux M, Melenotte C, Karkowski L, Rolland L, Trouillier S, Raffray L |title=Clinical features of actinomycosis: A retrospective, multicenter study of 28 cases of miscellaneous presentations |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |volume=95 |issue=24 |pages=e3923 |date=June 2016 |pmid=27311002 |pmc=4998488 |doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000003923 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |No predilection in race, age
* [[Benign]]
Male to female ratio : 1.5 to 3:1
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |History of dental procedure or trauma
* No predilection in [[race]], [[age]]
Poor oral hygiene
 
* [[Male]] to [[female]] ratio : 1.5 to 3:1
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* History of [[dental]] [[procedure]] or [[trauma]]
 
* Poor [[oral]] [[hygiene]]
 
* [[Swelling]] [[mandible]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Painless
* Tender at the beginning 
Fluctuant
 
* [[Painless]]
 
* Fluctuant
 
* Non-tender at late stage
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Red


Non-tender
* Blue
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Reddish
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
Bluish
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* ↑ [[ESR]]
* ↑ [[CRP]]
[[Gram stain|Gram stains]]:
* [[Gram positive bacteria|Gram positive filamentous rods]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Sulfur|Sulfur granules]]
* [[Filamentous]] [[organism]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Histological]] [[examination]]
* [[Bacterial]] [[culture]] of the [[abscess]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mandible]] [[osteomyelitis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Biopsy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Mycobacterial infections<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9241478">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suskind DL, Handler SD, Tom LW, Potsic WP, Wetmore RF |title=Nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical adenitis |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=36 |issue=7 |pages=403–9 |date=July 1997 |pmid=9241478 |doi=10.1177/000992289703600705 |url=}}</ref>  
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Mycobacterial infection|Mycobacterial infections]]<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9241478">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suskind DL, Handler SD, Tom LW, Potsic WP, Wetmore RF |title=Nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical adenitis |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=36 |issue=7 |pages=403–9 |date=July 1997 |pmid=9241478 |doi=10.1177/000992289703600705 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12614730">{{cite journal |vauthors=Drobniewski FA, Caws M, Gibson A, Young D |title=Modern laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis |journal=Lancet Infect Dis |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=141–7 |date=March 2003 |pmid=12614730 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in adults and children in endemic continent such as African
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Recent travel to endemic regions
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Exposure to TB patients
* More common in adults and [[children]] in [[endemic]] continent such as Africa
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Recent travel to [[endemic]] regions
 
* Exposure to [[Tuberculosis|TB]] [[patients]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Matted cervical nodes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Firm
* Matted [[cervical]]  [[Lymph node|nodes]]
 
* Firm


Non-tender
* Non-tender
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Induration|Indurated]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |PPD
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Chronic necrotizing caseating calcified granuloma  
* [[PPD-tuberculin skin test|PPD]]: +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
[[Sputum]] [[Smear test|smear]]:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
* Presence of [[Acid fast|acid fast bacilli]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Chronic [[necrotizing]] [[caseating]] [[Calcification|calcified]] [[granuloma]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound|Neck Ultrasound]]: Multiple [[lymph nodes]]
 
* Fusion tendency
 
* Internal echoes
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mycobacteria|Culture for mycobacteria]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Staphylococcal or streptococcal infection
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Streptococcal infection]]<ref name="pmid247536382">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19450346">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kenealy T |title=Sore throat |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2007 |issue= |pages= |date=November 2007 |pmid=19450346 |pmc=2943825 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in children
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in [[children]] and [[Adolescent|adolescents]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Fever]]
 
* Absence of [[cough]]
 
* Difficulty [[swallowing]]
 
* [[Swelling|Swollen]] [[pharynx]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Tender [[anterior]] cervical nodes
* [[Tonsillar Disease|Tonsillar]] exudates
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Rapid [[antigen]] detection [[Test|tests]]: +/-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Follicular [[hyperplasia]]
* [[Infiltration (medical)|Infiltration]] of [[Polymorphonuclear cells|polymorphonuclear]] [[cells]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
* [[Throat culture]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Gram stain: gram (+) cocci in clusters for Staph
* [[Acute rheumatic fever]]
Gram (+) cocci in chains for strep


Blood Culture: +
* [[Glomerulonephritis|Post-streptoccocal glomerulonephritis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Follicular hyperplasia
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Parasitic lymphadenopathy
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Parasitic|Parasitic lymphadenopathy]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Toxoplasma gondii<ref name="pmid20512900">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kumar GG, Mahadevan A, Guruprasad AS, Kovoor JM, Satishchandra P, Nath A, Ranga U, Shankar SK |title=Eccentric target sign in cerebral toxoplasmosis: neuropathological correlate to the imaging feature |journal=J Magn Reson Imaging |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=1469–72 |date=June 2010 |pmid=20512900 |pmc=2908244 |doi=10.1002/jmri.22192 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlCDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis">{{cite web |url=+https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/diagnosis.html |title=CDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Toxoplasma gondii]]<ref name="pmid20512900">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kumar GG, Mahadevan A, Guruprasad AS, Kovoor JM, Satishchandra P, Nath A, Ranga U, Shankar SK |title=Eccentric target sign in cerebral toxoplasmosis: neuropathological correlate to the imaging feature |journal=J Magn Reson Imaging |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=1469–72 |date=June 2010 |pmid=20512900 |pmc=2908244 |doi=10.1002/jmri.22192 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlCDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis">{{cite web |url=+https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/diagnosis.html |title=CDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |6 years and older adults are more affected in U.S.
* [[Benign]]
Seen in Hot climates
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Cats or birds feces exposure
* 6 years old and older adults are more affected in U.S.
Drinking unpasteurized milk
 
* Seen in Hot climates
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Cat-scratch|Cats]] or birds [[feces]] exposure
 
* Drinking [[unpasteurized milk]]


Undercooked food
* Undercooked food


Organ transplant recipients
* [[Organ (anatomy)|Organ]] [[Organ transplant|transplant]] recipients
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Bilateral
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Non-tender
* Bilateral


Symmetrical
* Non-tender


Non-fluctuant
* Symmetrical
 
* Non-fluctuant
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | Serology : + IgG and IgM
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
antibodies
* [[Serology]] :  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Follicular hyperplasia
+ [[IgG]] and [[IgM]] [[antibodies]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |MRI:  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Multiple rings enhanced lesions  
* Follicular [[hyperplasia]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Serology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[MRI]]:
Immunofluorescence
* Multiple rings enhanced [[lesions]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Serology]]


MRI
* [[Immunofluorescence]]
[[MRI]]
* [[CT scan]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Sarcoidosis]]<ref name="urlSarcoidosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/sarcoidosis |title=Sarcoidosis &#124; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28059621">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abdel Razek AAK, Mukherji S |title=Imaging of sialadenitis |journal=Neuroradiol J |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=205–215 |date=June 2017 |pmid=28059621 |pmc=5480791 |doi=10.1177/1971400916682752 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in African American women aged 20 - 40 years.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Family]] history of [[sarcoidosis]]
* [[Fatigue]]


CT scan
* [[Swelling]] and [[pain]] in the [[joints]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Sarcoidosis<ref name="urlSarcoidosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/sarcoidosis |title=Sarcoidosis &#124; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28059621">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abdel Razek AAK, Mukherji S |title=Imaging of sialadenitis |journal=Neuroradiol J |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=205–215 |date=June 2017 |pmid=28059621 |pmc=5480791 |doi=10.1177/1971400916682752 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in African American women aged 20 - 40 years.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Family history of sarcodosis,
Fatigue, swelling and pain in the joints,
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Bilateral
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
tender LAD
* Bilateral
tender [[lymph nodes]]
* [[Swelling|Swollen]]


Swollen, non-tender parotid glands
* Non-tender [[parotid glands]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Erythema nodosum,
Lupus pernios
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |ESR
* [[Erythema nodosum]]
ACE
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Non-necrotizing epithelioid granuloma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |CXR: B/L hilar adenopathy
MRI: B/L multiples enlarged cervical lymph nodes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Biopsy


| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Heerfordt's syndrome: uveitis, facial nerve paralysis, parotitis
* [[Lupus]] pernios
|-
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Amyloidosis
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* ↑ [[ESR]]
* ↑ [[Angiotensin-converting enzyme|ACE]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Necrotizing|Non-necrotizing]] [[epithelioid]] [[granuloma]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[CXR]]: B/L [[hilar]] [[adenopathy]]
* [[MRI]]: B/L multiples enlarged [[cervical lymph nodes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Heerfordt's syndrome: [[uveitis]], facial nerve paralysis, [[parotitis]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Sjögren's syndrome|Sjögren syndrome]]<ref name="pmid24566651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mavragani CP, Moutsopoulos HM |title=Sjögren syndrome |journal=CMAJ |volume=186 |issue=15 |pages=E579–86 |date=October 2014 |pmid=24566651 |pmc=4203623 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.122037 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Female]] to [[male]] ratio: 9 to 1
* May happen at any [[age]]
* Mean age: 40-50
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* History of [[RA]], [[SLE]], and non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Biopsy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Sjögren syndrome<ref name="pmid24566651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mavragani CP, Moutsopoulos HM |title=Sjögren syndrome |journal=CMAJ |volume=186 |issue=15 |pages=E579–86 |date=October 2014 |pmid=24566651 |pmc=4203623 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.122037 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Female to male ratio: 9 to 1
May happen at any age


Mean age: 40-50
* Dry [[mouth]], dry [[eyes]].
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |History of RA, SLE, and non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
Dry mouth, dry eyes.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Firm,
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Firm,


B/L enlarged parotid glands
* B/L enlarged [[parotid glands]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Itchy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Rashes
* [[Pruritis]]
* [[Rashes]]


Dry
* Dry
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |ESR
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Anti-SSA/Ro
* [[ESR|↑ ESR]]


Anti-SSB/La
* Anti-SSA/Ro: +


Cytopenia
* Anti-SSB/La: +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Hyperactivity of B cells and lymphocytes which lead to infiltration of the exocrine glands.
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Cytopenia]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Biopsy
* Wetting <5 mm on [[Schirmer's test]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
* [[Hyperactivity]] of [[B]] [[cells]] and [[lymphocytes]] which lead to [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]] of the [[exocrine glands]].
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Castleman disease (angiofollicular lymphoproliferative disease)
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound|US]]: Hypoechoic and inhomogeneous [[salivary glands]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Castleman's disease|Castleman disease]] ([[Angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia|angiofollicular lymphoproliferative disease]])<ref name="pmid22791417">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dispenzieri A, Armitage JO, Loe MJ, Geyer SM, Allred J, Camoriano JK, Menke DM, Weisenburger DD, Ristow K, Dogan A, Habermann TM |title=The clinical spectrum of Castleman's disease |journal=Am. J. Hematol. |volume=87 |issue=11 |pages=997–1002 |date=November 2012 |pmid=22791417 |pmc=3900496 |doi=10.1002/ajh.23291 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23071471">{{cite journal |vauthors=Saeed-Abdul-Rahman I, Al-Amri AM |title=Castleman disease |journal=Korean J Hematol |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=163–77 |date=September 2012 |pmid=23071471 |pmc=3464333 |doi=10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.163 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Mean [[age]]: 30-40 years
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Asymptomatic]] at early onset
* B-symptoms
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Non tender [[Cervical|cervical node]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Papule]]
* Cherry hemangiomata
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* ↑ [[ESR]]
* ↑ [[CRP]]
* [[Anemia]]
* [[Polyclonal]] [[hypergammaglobulinemia]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Hyaline]] [[vascular]] variant
* [[Plasma]] [[cell]] variant
* Mixed variant
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | [[CT scan]] of [[thorax]]
* [[Matted]] [[lymphadenopathy]]
* [[Solitary]], [[noninvasive]] [[mass]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* HHSV-8
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Biopsy
* Kaposi Sarcoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma|Non-hodgkin lymphoma]]
* [[POEMS syndrome]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Kikuchi disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis)
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Kikuchi disease]] ([[histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis]])<ref name="pmid16722618">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bosch X, Guilabert A |title=Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease |journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis |volume=1 |issue= |pages=18 |date=May 2006 |pmid=16722618 |pmc=1481509 |doi=10.1186/1750-1172-1-18 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* High [[prevalence]] in Japan
* More common in young adults <30 years old
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Fever]]
* [[Flu]]-like prodrome
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Tender [[Cervical|cervical nodes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[rashes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
* ↑ [[ESR]]
 
* [[Liver enzymes|Abnormal liver enzymes]]
 
* [[leucopenia]]
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Irregular paracortical areas of [[coagulative]] [[necrosis]] with abundant karyorrhectic debris
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Hashimoto [[thyroiditis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Biopsy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Kimura disease
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Kimura disease]]<ref name="pmid26905356">{{cite journal |vauthors=AlGhamdi FE, Al-Khatib TA, Marzouki HZ, AlGarni MA |title=Kimura disease: No age or ethnicity limit |journal=Saudi Med J |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=315–9 |date=March 2016 |pmid=26905356 |pmc=4800898 |doi=10.15537/smj.2016.3.14448 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in Asian males.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* History of painless [[cervical]] lump
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Large
* Non-tender [[Cervical|cervical node]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Itching]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |↑ [[Eosinophils]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Conserved [[Lymph nodes|lymph node]] structure
* [[Eosinophilic]] [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]]
* High [[Capillary|postcapillary]] [[venules]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Nephrotic syndrome]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Hypercoagulable state]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Rosai-Dorfman disease
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Rosai-Dorfman disease]]<ref name="urlRosai-Dorfman disease | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program">{{cite web |url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/7588/rosai-dorfman-disease |title=Rosai-Dorfman disease &#124; Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid2180012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Foucar E, Rosai J, Dorfman R |title=Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease): review of the entity |journal=Semin Diagn Pathol |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=19–73 |date=February 1990 |pmid=2180012 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in [[children]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Fever]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Non-tender enlarged [[cervical lymph nodes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Erythema]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* ↑ [[ESR]]
* [[Polyclonal]] [[hypergammaglobulinemia]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Kawasaki disease]]<ref name="urlAbout Kawasaki Disease | Kawasaki Disease | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/kawasaki/about.html |title=About Kawasaki Disease &#124; Kawasaki Disease &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlKawasaki Disease | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/kawasaki-disease |title=Kawasaki Disease &#124; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in children younger than 5 years old.
* Highest [[incidence]] in Japan.
* Most leading cause of acquired [[heart disease]] in U.S.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* High [[fever]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Kawasaki disease<ref name="urlAbout Kawasaki Disease | Kawasaki Disease | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/kawasaki/about.html |title=About Kawasaki Disease &#124; Kawasaki Disease &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in children younger than 5 years old.
Highest incidence in Japan.


Most leading cause of acquired heart disease in U.S.
* B/L [[conjunctivitis]]


| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |High fever
* [[Rash]]
B/L conjunctivitis


Rash
* [[Swelling]] of hands and feet


Swelling of hands and feet
* Inflammation of [[lips]]


Inflammation of lips
* [[Strawberry tongue]]


Strawberry tongue
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Large, single palpable [[Cervical|cervical node]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Rashes]]


* [[Desquamation]] of skin
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
* ↑ [[ESR]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Large, single palpable cervical node
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Rashes
* ↑ [[CRP]]
Desquamation of skin
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |ESR
* [[Inflammation]] of medium sized [[arteries]] and [[organs]].
CRP
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | [[Echocardiography]]:
* [[Coronary artery]]
[[dilation]]
* [[Coronary artery]] [[aneurysm]]
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Clinical|Clinical findings]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Clinical findings
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
|-
|-
Line 637: Line 820:
|-
|-
! rowspan="20" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Neoplasm
! rowspan="20" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Neoplasm
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Primary thyroid tumor
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Hypopharyngeal cancer]]<ref name="pmid12560383">{{cite journal |vauthors=Helliwell TR |title=acp Best Practice No 169. Evidence based pathology: squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx |journal=J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=56 |issue=2 |pages=81–5 |date=February 2003 |pmid=12560383 |pmc=1769882 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=International Journal of Recent Scientific Research|issn=09763031|doi=10.24327/IJRSR}}</ref><ref name="Maaslandvan den Brandt2014">{{cite journal|last1=Maasland|first1=Denise HE|last2=van den Brandt|first2=Piet A|last3=Kremer|first3=Bernd|last4=Goldbohm|first4=R Alexandra|last5=Schouten|first5=Leo J|title=Alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and the risk of subtypes of head-neck cancer: results from the Netherlands Cohort Study|journal=BMC Cancer|volume=14|issue=1|year=2014|issn=1471-2407|doi=10.1186/1471-2407-14-187}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Malignant]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in males
* [[Age]]: 55-65 years old
* [[Incidence]]: < 1/100,000 in U.S.
* More common: Japan, India, Iran
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Tobacco]] use
* [[Abuse|Abuse alcohol]] consumption
* [[HPV infection]]
* Lump in the [[neck]]
* [[Odynophagia]]
* [[Hoarseness]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Non tender [[Cervical|cervical node]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Spindle cells]]
* [[Nuclear|Nuclear atypia]]
* Basaloid [[cells]]
* Abundant [[chromatin]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | [[Neck]] [[CT]] scan:
* [[Soft tissue]] mass
* Irregular thickening of [[mucosa]]
* [[Necrotic|Necrotic region]]
[[MRI]]:
* [[Tumors]] are hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
|-
! rowspan="10" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Salivary gland neoplasm]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Pleomorphic adenoma]]<ref name="pmid22190789">{{cite journal |vauthors=Debnath SC, Adhyapok AK |title=Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumour) of the minor salivary glands of the upper lip |journal=J Maxillofac Oral Surg |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=205–8 |date=June 2010 |pmid=22190789 |pmc=3244097 |doi=10.1007/s12663-010-0052-5 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More common in Females
* [[Incidence]] increase with [[age]].
* [[Incidence]] : 2-3.5 cases per 100,000 [[population]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* History of [[swelling]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
! rowspan="10" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Salivary gland neoplasm
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Pleomorphic adenoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Benign
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |More common in Females
Incidence increase with age.


Incidence : 2-3.5 cases per 100,000 population
* [[Dysphagia]]


| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |History of swelling,
* [[Hoarseness]]
Dysphagia
 
Horseness
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Palpable mass of deep lobe of parotid gland
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
Firm
* Palpable [[mass]] of deep [[lobe]] of [[parotid gland]]
 
* Firm


Mobile
* Mobile
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Proliferation of epithelial cells and stromal matrix in the ducts.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |MRI:<ref name="pmid29845358">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kato H, Kawaguchi M, Ando T, Mizuta K, Aoki M, Matsuo M |title=Pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands: common and uncommon CT and MR imaging features |journal=Jpn J Radiol |volume=36 |issue=8 |pages=463–471 |date=August 2018 |pmid=29845358 |doi=10.1007/s11604-018-0747-y |url=}}</ref> Homogenous on T1
Abundant myxochondroid stroma on T2
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |Biopsy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Warthin's tumor
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Proliferation of [[epithelial cells]] and [[stromal]] [[matrix]] in the [[ducts]].
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[MRI]]:<ref name="pmid29845358">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kato H, Kawaguchi M, Ando T, Mizuta K, Aoki M, Matsuo M |title=Pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands: common and uncommon CT and MR imaging features |journal=Jpn J Radiol |volume=36 |issue=8 |pages=463–471 |date=August 2018 |pmid=29845358 |doi=10.1007/s11604-018-0747-y |url=}}</ref> Homogenous on T1
* Abundant myxochondroid [[stroma]] on T2
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Warthin's tumor]]<ref name="pmid24376295">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chulam TC, Noronha Francisco AL, Goncalves Filho J, Pinto Alves CA, Kowalski LP |title=Warthin's tumour of the parotid gland: our experience |journal=Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital |volume=33 |issue=6 |pages=393–7 |date=December 2013 |pmid=24376295 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlWarthin tumor | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program">{{cite web |url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8569/warthin-tumor |title=Warthin tumor &#124; Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Male]] to [[Female]] ratio : 4:1
* More common in people aged 60 to 70 years old.
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* History of [[Swelling|swollen]] [[salivary gland]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Jaw]] pain
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Tinnitus]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
 
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Lymphoepithelioma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Non tender
* Mobile
* Firm
* [[Solitary]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Papillae]]
* [[Fibrous]] [[capsule]]
* [[Cystic]] spaces
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | [[CT|Neck CT]]:
* [[Cystic]] lesion posteriorly within the [[parotid gland]].
[[MRI]]:
* B/L lesions
Heterogeneous
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
|-
|-
Line 953: Line 1,181:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |  
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Metastatic head and neck carcinoma
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Nasopharyngeal cancer
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |

Latest revision as of 16:28, 11 February 2019

Xyz Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Xyz from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Interventions

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Sandbox: Gertrude On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Sandbox: Gertrude

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Sandbox: Gertrude

CDC on Sandbox: Gertrude

Sandbox: Gertrude in the news

Blogs on Sandbox: Gertrude

Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Sandbox: Gertrude

  • For patient information, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: , Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2]

Differential diagnosis of neck masses==

Differential diagnosis of neck masses include:

Category Diseases Benign or Malignant Clinical manifestation Paraclinical findings Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings
Demography History Symptoms Signs Lab findings Histopathology Imaging
Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others
Congenital Branchial cleft cyst Benign
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Hemangioma
Vascular malformations
Lymphatic malformations
Laryngocele
Ranula
Teratoma
Dermoid cyst
Thymic cyst
Category Diseases Benign or Malignant Demography History Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others Lab findings Histopathology Imaging Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings
Inflammatory Acute sialadenitis
Chronic sialadenitis
Reactive viral lymphadenopathy CMV
EBV
HIV
Viral URI
Bacterial lymphadenopathy Tularemia
Brucellosis
Cat-scratch disease[1][2]
  • More common in the Southern of U.S among children and young adults.
  • Cat exposure
+ - +

Serology:

- -
Actinomycosis[3][4] - -
  • Tender at the beginning
  • Fluctuant
  • Non-tender at late stage
  • Red
  • Blue
-

Gram stains:

-
Mycobacterial infections[5][6][7] - -
  • Firm
  • Non-tender
+

Sputum smear:

  • Fusion tendency
  • Internal echoes
-
Streptococcal infection[8][9] + + - + -
Parasitic lymphadenopathy Toxoplasma gondii[10][11]
  • 6 years old and older adults are more affected in U.S.
  • Seen in Hot climates
  • Undercooked food
+ -
  • Bilateral
  • Non-tender
  • Symmetrical
  • Non-fluctuant
- +

+ IgG and IgM antibodies

MRI:

MRI

-
Sarcoidosis[12][13]
  • More common in African American women aged 20 - 40 years.
- -
  • Bilateral

tender lymph nodes

+
Sjögren syndrome[14]
  • May happen at any age
  • Mean age: 40-50
  • History of RA, SLE, and non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma.
- +
  • Firm,
  • Dry
+
  • Anti-SSA/Ro: +
  • Anti-SSB/La: +
-
Castleman disease (angiofollicular lymphoproliferative disease)[15][16] Mean age: 30-40 years
  • B-symptoms
- - + CT scan of thorax
Kikuchi disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis)[17]
  • More common in young adults <30 years old
  • Flu-like prodrome
+ - + -
Kimura disease[18]
  • More common in Asian males.
- -
  • Large
+ Eosinophils -
Rosai-Dorfman disease[19][20] - - + - - - -
Kawasaki disease[21][22]
  • More common in children younger than 5 years old.
  • Inflammation of lips
- - + Echocardiography:

dilation

Category Diseases Benign or Malignant Demography History Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others Lab findings Histopathology Imaging Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings
Neoplasm Hypopharyngeal cancer[23][24][25]
  • More common in males
  • Age: 55-65 years old
  • Incidence: < 1/100,000 in U.S.
  • More common: Japan, India, Iran
- + - + - Neck CT scan:

MRI:

  • Tumors are hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2
-
Salivary gland neoplasm Pleomorphic adenoma[26]
  • More common in Females
- +
  • Firm
  • Mobile
- - -
  • Abundant myxochondroid stroma on T2
-
Warthin's tumor[28][29]
  • More common in people aged 60 to 70 years old.
- +
  • Non tender
  • Mobile
  • Firm
- - - Neck CT:

MRI:

  • B/L lesions

Heterogeneous

Oncocytoma
Monomorphic adenoma
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Salivary duct carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Parathyroid tumors
Carotid body tumors
Paraganglioma
Schwannoma
Lymphoma
Liposarcoma
Lipoma
Glomus vagale, glomus jugulare tumors
Nasopharyngeal cancer
Other Hematoma
Arteriovenous fistula
Goiter
Category Diseases Benign Demography History Pain Dysphagia Mass exam Skin changes LAP Others Lab findings Histopathology Imaging Gold standard diagnosis Associated findings

References

  1. "Cat-Scratch Disease in the United States, 2005–2013 - Volume 22, Number 10—October 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC".
  2. Hansmann, Y.; DeMartino, S.; Piemont, Y.; Meyer, N.; Mariet, P.; Heller, R.; Christmann, D.; Jaulhac, B. (2005). "Diagnosis of Cat Scratch Disease with Detection of Bartonella henselae by PCR: a Study of Patients with Lymph Node Enlargement". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43 (8): 3800–3806. doi:10.1128/JCM.43.8.3800-3806.2005. ISSN 0095-1137.
  3. Valour F, Sénéchal A, Dupieux C, Karsenty J, Lustig S, Breton P, Gleizal A, Boussel L, Laurent F, Braun E, Chidiac C, Ader F, Ferry T (2014). "Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management". Infect Drug Resist. 7: 183–97. doi:10.2147/IDR.S39601. PMC 4094581. PMID 25045274.
  4. Bonnefond S, Catroux M, Melenotte C, Karkowski L, Rolland L, Trouillier S, Raffray L (June 2016). "Clinical features of actinomycosis: A retrospective, multicenter study of 28 cases of miscellaneous presentations". Medicine (Baltimore). 95 (24): e3923. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000003923. PMC 4998488. PMID 27311002.
  5. Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A (March 2014). "Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools". Iran J Med Sci. 39 (2 Suppl): 158–70. PMC 3993046. PMID 24753638.
  6. Suskind DL, Handler SD, Tom LW, Potsic WP, Wetmore RF (July 1997). "Nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical adenitis". Clin Pediatr (Phila). 36 (7): 403–9. doi:10.1177/000992289703600705. PMID 9241478.
  7. Drobniewski FA, Caws M, Gibson A, Young D (March 2003). "Modern laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis". Lancet Infect Dis. 3 (3): 141–7. PMID 12614730.
  8. Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A (March 2014). "Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools". Iran J Med Sci. 39 (2 Suppl): 158–70. PMC 3993046. PMID 24753638.
  9. Kenealy T (November 2007). "Sore throat". BMJ Clin Evid. 2007. PMC 2943825. PMID 19450346.
  10. Kumar GG, Mahadevan A, Guruprasad AS, Kovoor JM, Satishchandra P, Nath A, Ranga U, Shankar SK (June 2010). "Eccentric target sign in cerebral toxoplasmosis: neuropathological correlate to the imaging feature". J Magn Reson Imaging. 31 (6): 1469–72. doi:10.1002/jmri.22192. PMC 2908244. PMID 20512900.
  11. [+https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/diagnosis.html "CDC - Toxoplasmosis - Diagnosis"] Check |url= value (help).
  12. "Sarcoidosis | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)".
  13. Abdel Razek A, Mukherji S (June 2017). "Imaging of sialadenitis". Neuroradiol J. 30 (3): 205–215. doi:10.1177/1971400916682752. PMC 5480791. PMID 28059621. Vancouver style error: initials (help)
  14. Mavragani CP, Moutsopoulos HM (October 2014). "Sjögren syndrome". CMAJ. 186 (15): E579–86. doi:10.1503/cmaj.122037. PMC 4203623. PMID 24566651.
  15. Dispenzieri A, Armitage JO, Loe MJ, Geyer SM, Allred J, Camoriano JK, Menke DM, Weisenburger DD, Ristow K, Dogan A, Habermann TM (November 2012). "The clinical spectrum of Castleman's disease". Am. J. Hematol. 87 (11): 997–1002. doi:10.1002/ajh.23291. PMC 3900496. PMID 22791417.
  16. Saeed-Abdul-Rahman I, Al-Amri AM (September 2012). "Castleman disease". Korean J Hematol. 47 (3): 163–77. doi:10.5045/kjh.2012.47.3.163. PMC 3464333. PMID 23071471.
  17. Bosch X, Guilabert A (May 2006). "Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 1: 18. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-1-18. PMC 1481509. PMID 16722618.
  18. AlGhamdi FE, Al-Khatib TA, Marzouki HZ, AlGarni MA (March 2016). "Kimura disease: No age or ethnicity limit". Saudi Med J. 37 (3): 315–9. doi:10.15537/smj.2016.3.14448. PMC 4800898. PMID 26905356.
  19. "Rosai-Dorfman disease | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program".
  20. Foucar E, Rosai J, Dorfman R (February 1990). "Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease): review of the entity". Semin Diagn Pathol. 7 (1): 19–73. PMID 2180012.
  21. "About Kawasaki Disease | Kawasaki Disease | CDC".
  22. "Kawasaki Disease | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)".
  23. Helliwell TR (February 2003). "acp Best Practice No 169. Evidence based pathology: squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx". J. Clin. Pathol. 56 (2): 81–5. PMC 1769882. PMID 12560383.
  24. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research. doi:10.24327/IJRSR. ISSN 0976-3031. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  25. Maasland, Denise HE; van den Brandt, Piet A; Kremer, Bernd; Goldbohm, R Alexandra; Schouten, Leo J (2014). "Alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and the risk of subtypes of head-neck cancer: results from the Netherlands Cohort Study". BMC Cancer. 14 (1). doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-187. ISSN 1471-2407.
  26. Debnath SC, Adhyapok AK (June 2010). "Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumour) of the minor salivary glands of the upper lip". J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 9 (2): 205–8. doi:10.1007/s12663-010-0052-5. PMC 3244097. PMID 22190789.
  27. Kato H, Kawaguchi M, Ando T, Mizuta K, Aoki M, Matsuo M (August 2018). "Pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands: common and uncommon CT and MR imaging features". Jpn J Radiol. 36 (8): 463–471. doi:10.1007/s11604-018-0747-y. PMID 29845358.
  28. Chulam TC, Noronha Francisco AL, Goncalves Filho J, Pinto Alves CA, Kowalski LP (December 2013). "Warthin's tumour of the parotid gland: our experience". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 33 (6): 393–7. PMID 24376295.
  29. "Warthin tumor | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program".