Salter-Harris fracture classification (mnemonic): Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}}[[User:DrMars|Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]]]. | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}[[User:DrMars|Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]]]. | ||
==Overview<ref name=" | ==Overview<ref name="pmid9150026">{{cite journal |vauthors=Loder RT, Swinford AE, Kuhns LR |title=The use of helical computed tomographic scan to assess bony physeal bridges |journal=J Pediatr Orthop |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=356–9 |date=1997 |pmid=9150026 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19461377">{{cite journal |vauthors=Leary JT, Handling M, Talerico M, Yong L, Bowe JA |title=Physeal fractures of the distal tibia: predictive factors of premature physeal closure and growth arrest |journal=J Pediatr Orthop |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=356–61 |date=June 2009 |pmid=19461377 |doi=10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181a6bfe8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16670543">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rohmiller MT, Gaynor TP, Pawelek J, Mubarak SJ |title=Salter-Harris I and II fractures of the distal tibia: does mechanism of injury relate to premature physeal closure? |journal=J Pediatr Orthop |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=322–8 |date=2006 |pmid=16670543 |doi=10.1097/01.bpo.0000217714.80233.0b |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20563820">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lemburg SP, Lilienthal E, Heyer CM |title=Growth plate fractures of the distal tibia: is CT imaging necessary? |journal=Arch Orthop Trauma Surg |volume=130 |issue=11 |pages=1411–7 |date=November 2010 |pmid=20563820 |doi=10.1007/s00402-010-1140-1 |url=}}</ref>== | ||
Injuries leading to the bone fracture affecting the epiphyseal plate, or physis, are important and common in orthopedic medicine and the cause diagnostic and treatment challenges for orthopaedic surgeons. The related incidence rate of these fracture among pedicatric population is 15-20%. | Injuries leading to the bone fracture affecting the epiphyseal plate, or physis, are important and common in orthopedic medicine and the cause diagnostic and treatment challenges for orthopaedic surgeons. The related incidence rate of these fracture among pedicatric population is 15-20%. | ||
== Salter-Harris fracture classification | == Salter-Harris fracture classification == | ||
According to the [[Salter-Harris classification]] there are two important '''''mnemonics''''' helping memories this classification and use it easily in practice: | |||
* '''SALTR''' | |||
* '''SMACK''' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
! colspan="3" |'''SALTR Mnemonic''' | |||
|- | |||
|'''S''' | |||
| slipped | |||
|Type I | |||
|- | |||
|'''A''' | |||
|above or away from joint | |||
|Type II | |||
|- | |||
|'''L''' | |||
| lower | |||
|Type III | |||
|- | |||
|'''T''' | |||
|through or transverse or together | |||
|Type IV | |||
|- | |||
|'''R''' | |||
|ruined or rammed | |||
|Type V | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! colspan="3" |'''SMACK Mnemonic''' | |||
|- | |||
|'''S''' | |||
| slipped | |||
|Type I | |||
|- | |||
|'''M''' | |||
|metaphyseal | |||
|Type II | |||
|- | |||
|'''A''' | |||
|articular-epiphyseal | |||
|Type III | |||
|- | |||
|'''C''' | |||
|complete-metaphysis and epiphysis | |||
|Type IV | |||
|- | |||
|'''K''' | |||
|krushed | |||
|Type V | |||
|} | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 38: | Line 75: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Fractures]] | |||
[[Category:Injuries]] | |||
[[Category:Traumatology]] | |||
[[Category:Orthopedics]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Radiology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 00:04, 30 July 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2].
Overview[1][2][3][4]
Injuries leading to the bone fracture affecting the epiphyseal plate, or physis, are important and common in orthopedic medicine and the cause diagnostic and treatment challenges for orthopaedic surgeons. The related incidence rate of these fracture among pedicatric population is 15-20%.
Salter-Harris fracture classification
According to the Salter-Harris classification there are two important mnemonics helping memories this classification and use it easily in practice:
- SALTR
- SMACK
| SALTR Mnemonic | ||
|---|---|---|
| S | slipped | Type I |
| A | above or away from joint | Type II |
| L | lower | Type III |
| T | through or transverse or together | Type IV |
| R | ruined or rammed | Type V |
| SMACK Mnemonic | ||
|---|---|---|
| S | slipped | Type I |
| M | metaphyseal | Type II |
| A | articular-epiphyseal | Type III |
| C | complete-metaphysis and epiphysis | Type IV |
| K | krushed | Type V |
See also
References
- ↑ Loder RT, Swinford AE, Kuhns LR (1997). "The use of helical computed tomographic scan to assess bony physeal bridges". J Pediatr Orthop. 17 (3): 356–9. PMID 9150026.
- ↑ Leary JT, Handling M, Talerico M, Yong L, Bowe JA (June 2009). "Physeal fractures of the distal tibia: predictive factors of premature physeal closure and growth arrest". J Pediatr Orthop. 29 (4): 356–61. doi:10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181a6bfe8. PMID 19461377.
- ↑ Rohmiller MT, Gaynor TP, Pawelek J, Mubarak SJ (2006). "Salter-Harris I and II fractures of the distal tibia: does mechanism of injury relate to premature physeal closure?". J Pediatr Orthop. 26 (3): 322–8. doi:10.1097/01.bpo.0000217714.80233.0b. PMID 16670543.
- ↑ Lemburg SP, Lilienthal E, Heyer CM (November 2010). "Growth plate fractures of the distal tibia: is CT imaging necessary?". Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 130 (11): 1411–7. doi:10.1007/s00402-010-1140-1. PMID 20563820.