Glomus tumor other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Glomus tumor}} | {{Glomus tumor}} | ||
{{CMG}}{{AE}} {{STM}} | {{CMG}}{{AE}} {{STM}} {{RAK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ||
*Other diagnostic studies for glomus tumor include [[immunohistochemistry]] staining, which demonstrates the following:<ref name="pmid1848411">{{cite journal| author=Kaye VM, Dehner LP| title=Cutaneous glomus tumor. A comparative immunohistochemical study with pseudoangiomatous intradermal melanocytic nevi. | journal=Am J Dermatopathol | year= 1991 | volume= 13 | issue= 1 | pages= 2-6 | pmid=1848411 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1848411 }} </ref> | *Other diagnostic studies for glomus tumor include [[immunohistochemistry]] staining, which demonstrates the following:<ref name="pmid1848411">{{cite journal| author=Kaye VM, Dehner LP| title=Cutaneous glomus tumor. A comparative immunohistochemical study with pseudoangiomatous intradermal melanocytic nevi. | journal=Am J Dermatopathol | year= 1991 | volume= 13 | issue= 1 | pages= 2-6 | pmid=1848411 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1848411 }} </ref><ref name="pmid25614464">{{cite journal| author=Mravic M, LaChaud G, Nguyen A, Scott MA, Dry SM, James AW| title=Clinical and histopathological diagnosis of glomus tumor: an institutional experience of 138 cases. | journal=Int J Surg Pathol | year= 2015 | volume= 23 | issue= 3 | pages= 181-8 | pmid=25614464 | doi=10.1177/1066896914567330 | pmc=4498398 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25614464 }}</ref> | ||
**Glomus cells stain positive for: | **Glomus cells stain positive for: | ||
***Alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) | |||
***Alpha-smooth muscle actin (~100% | ****~100% | ||
***MSA | |||
****95% | |||
***[[Vimentin]] | |||
**Glomus cells stain negative for: | **Glomus cells stain negative for: | ||
***[[Desmin]] | ***[[Desmin]] | ||
*** | ***CD31 | ||
***Cytokeratins | |||
***S100 | ***S100 | ||
* | * Other diagnostic studies for glomus tumors include clinical tests, such as: | ||
** '''Love test'''<ref name="pmid15215032">{{cite journal| author=Pater TJ, Marks RM| title=Glomus tumor of the hallux: case presentation and review of the literature. | journal=Foot Ankle Int | year= 2004 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 434-7 | pmid=15215032 | doi=10.1177/107110070402500614 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15215032 }}</ref> | ** '''Love test'''<ref name="pmid15215032">{{cite journal| author=Pater TJ, Marks RM| title=Glomus tumor of the hallux: case presentation and review of the literature. | journal=Foot Ankle Int | year= 2004 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 434-7 | pmid=15215032 | doi=10.1177/107110070402500614 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15215032 }}</ref><ref name="pmid7985967">{{cite journal| author=Rohrich RJ, Hochstein LM, Millwee RH| title=Subungual glomus tumors: an algorithmic approach. | journal=Ann Plast Surg | year= 1994 | volume= 33 | issue= 3 | pages= 300-4 | pmid=7985967 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7985967 }} </ref> | ||
*** Orientative | *** Orientative | ||
*** Probing with a needle or pointed instrument triggers pain in the affected area but not the area immediately adjacent to it | *** Probing with a needle or pointed instrument triggers pain in the affected area but not the area immediately adjacent to it | ||
*** Sensitivity= 100% | *** Sensitivity= 100% | ||
*** Specificity= 0% | *** Specificity= 0% | ||
** '''Hildreth sign'''<ref name="pmid15215032">{{cite journal| author=Pater TJ, Marks RM| title=Glomus tumor of the hallux: case presentation and review of the literature. | journal=Foot Ankle Int | year= 2004 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 434-7 | pmid=15215032 | doi=10.1177/107110070402500614 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15215032 | ** '''Hildreth sign'''<ref name="pmid15215032">{{cite journal| author=Pater TJ, Marks RM| title=Glomus tumor of the hallux: case presentation and review of the literature. | journal=Foot Ankle Int | year= 2004 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 434-7 | pmid=15215032 | doi=10.1177/107110070402500614 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15215032 }}</ref> | ||
*** Occurence of pain following induction of ischemia by application of a tourniquet to the glomus tumor mimicking median nail dystrophy (the longitudinal splitting in the midline of the nail) | *** Occurence of pain following induction of ischemia by application of a tourniquet to the glomus tumor mimicking median nail dystrophy (the longitudinal splitting in the midline of the nail) | ||
*** Highlights the vascular nature of the lesion | *** Highlights the vascular nature of the lesion | ||
*** Sensitivity= 77.4% - 92% | *** Sensitivity= 77.4% - 92% | ||
*** Specificity= 91% - 100% | *** Specificity= 91% - 100% | ||
** '''Cold-sensitivity test''' | ** '''Cold-sensitivity test'''<ref name="pmid16877938">{{cite journal| author=Kale SS, Rao VK, Bentz ML| title=Glomus tumor of the index finger. | journal=J Craniofac Surg | year= 2006 | volume= 17 | issue= 4 | pages= 801-4 | pmid=16877938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16877938 }} </ref> | ||
*** Application of cold water or ethanol to the affected area reproducing the symptoms | *** Application of cold water or ethanol to the affected area reproducing the symptoms | ||
*** Sensitivity= 100% | *** Sensitivity= 100% | ||
*** Specificity= 100% | *** Specificity= 100% | ||
** '''Transillumination test'''<ref name="pmid16877938">{{cite journal| author=Kale SS, Rao VK, Bentz ML| title=Glomus tumor of the index finger. | journal=J Craniofac Surg | year= 2006 | volume= 17 | issue= 4 | pages= 801-4 | pmid=16877938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16877938 }} </ref> | ** '''Transillumination test'''<ref name="pmid16877938">{{cite journal| author=Kale SS, Rao VK, Bentz ML| title=Glomus tumor of the index finger. | journal=J Craniofac Surg | year= 2006 | volume= 17 | issue= 4 | pages= 801-4 | pmid=16877938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16877938 }} </ref><ref name="“pmid9149994”">{{cite journal| author=Ekin A, Ozkan M, Kabaklioglu T| title=Subungual glomus tumours: a different approach to diagnosis and treatment. | journal=J Hand Surg Br | year= 1997 | volume= 22 | issue= 2 | pages= 228-9 | pmid=9149994 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9149994 }}</ref> | ||
*** Performed in a darkened room by passing light through the finger pad | *** Performed in a darkened room by passing light through the finger pad | ||
*** An opaque red image is observed in the region of the tumor that allows estimation of its size | *** An opaque red image is observed in the region of the tumor that allows estimation of its size | ||
Latest revision as of 23:11, 15 May 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2] Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[3]
Overview
Other diagnostic studies for glomus tumor include immunohistochemistry staining, which demonstrates glomus cells positive for vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin and negative for desmin.[1]
Other Diagnostic Studies
- Other diagnostic studies for glomus tumor include immunohistochemistry staining, which demonstrates the following:[1][2]
- Other diagnostic studies for glomus tumors include clinical tests, such as:
- Love test[3][4]
- Orientative
- Probing with a needle or pointed instrument triggers pain in the affected area but not the area immediately adjacent to it
- Sensitivity= 100%
- Specificity= 0%
- Hildreth sign[3]
- Occurence of pain following induction of ischemia by application of a tourniquet to the glomus tumor mimicking median nail dystrophy (the longitudinal splitting in the midline of the nail)
- Highlights the vascular nature of the lesion
- Sensitivity= 77.4% - 92%
- Specificity= 91% - 100%
- Cold-sensitivity test[5]
- Application of cold water or ethanol to the affected area reproducing the symptoms
- Sensitivity= 100%
- Specificity= 100%
- Transillumination test[5][6]
- Performed in a darkened room by passing light through the finger pad
- An opaque red image is observed in the region of the tumor that allows estimation of its size
- Sensitivity= 23% - 38%
- Specificity= 90%
- Love test[3][4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kaye VM, Dehner LP (1991). "Cutaneous glomus tumor. A comparative immunohistochemical study with pseudoangiomatous intradermal melanocytic nevi". Am J Dermatopathol. 13 (1): 2–6. PMID 1848411.
- ↑ Mravic M, LaChaud G, Nguyen A, Scott MA, Dry SM, James AW (2015). "Clinical and histopathological diagnosis of glomus tumor: an institutional experience of 138 cases". Int J Surg Pathol. 23 (3): 181–8. doi:10.1177/1066896914567330. PMC 4498398. PMID 25614464.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Pater TJ, Marks RM (2004). "Glomus tumor of the hallux: case presentation and review of the literature". Foot Ankle Int. 25 (6): 434–7. doi:10.1177/107110070402500614. PMID 15215032.
- ↑ Rohrich RJ, Hochstein LM, Millwee RH (1994). "Subungual glomus tumors: an algorithmic approach". Ann Plast Surg. 33 (3): 300–4. PMID 7985967.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kale SS, Rao VK, Bentz ML (2006). "Glomus tumor of the index finger". J Craniofac Surg. 17 (4): 801–4. PMID 16877938.
- ↑ Ekin A, Ozkan M, Kabaklioglu T (1997). "Subungual glomus tumours: a different approach to diagnosis and treatment". J Hand Surg Br. 22 (2): 228–9. PMID 9149994.