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| {| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" rowspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF| Types}}
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" rowspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Subtypes}}
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" colspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Signs and Symptoms}}
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" rowspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Histopathology}}
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" rowspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF| Lab finding }}
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" colspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF| Treatment }}
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; padding: 5px 5px;" rowspan=1 | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF| Prognosis}}
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="3;"|Gonadal'''
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| Seminoma
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| * Painless [[testicular mass]] with discomfort
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| * [[Back pain]]
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| * [[Abdominal discomfort]]
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| * [[Abdominal mass]].
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Gross: pale gray to yellow nodules that are uniform or slightly lobulated and often bulge from the cut surface
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| * Complete blood count and blood chemistry tests.
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| * Abnormal serum tumor marker levels ([[LDH]], [[HCG]]).<ref name="Diagnosisoftesticularcancer1" />
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| * CT: Metastases to the para-aortic, inguinal, or iliac lymph nodes. Visceral metastasis may also be seen.
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| * Pelvic MRI: may be diagnostic. multinodular tumors of uniform signal intensity
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| * Hypo- to isointense on T2-weighted images and inhomogenous enhancement on contrast enhanced T1-weighted images.
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| * Other diagnostic studies for seminoma include [[biopsy]], [[PET|FDG-PET scan]], and [[bone scan]].
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| * [[Orchiectomy|Radical inguinal orchiectomy]] is the first treatment for any stage of testicular seminoma. Usually done as diagnostic and therapeutic.
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *[[Prognosis]] of [[seminoma]] is good for all stages with greater than 90% cure rate.
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| * The International Germ Cell Cancer Consensus Group divides [[seminoma]] into two prognosis groups: good and intermediate.
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| * Common complications of [[seminoma]] include recurrence, [[lymph node]] [[metastasis]], distant [[metastasis]], and secondary [[malignancies]].
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| Dysgerminoma
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| (Ovarian germ cell tumor)
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| * Depend on the type of the [[tumor]] and its potential to produce [[hormonal]]<nowiki/>materials
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| * [[Abdominal pain]] or distention
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| * [[Menstrual irregularities]]
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| * Symptoms of [[virilization]]
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| * Rapidly growing [[abdominal]]/[[pelvic]] [[mass]]
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| * [[Acute abdominal pain]] from [[complications]] such as:
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| * * [[Necrosis]]
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| * * [[Capsule|Capsular]] distention
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| * [[Rupture|* Rupture]] or [[torsion]] and or simply they can be [[asymptomatic]].
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *The majority of [[ovarian]] [[germ cell]][[tumors]] have a [[solid]] and [[cystic]] appearance with areas of [[hemorrhage]]<nowiki/>and [[necrosis]]
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| * A uniform “fried egg” appearance ([[dysgerminoma]])
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *Beta-hCG to rule out pregnancy in women with abdominopelvic symptoms
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| *Cultures for gonorrhea and chlamydia and a wet mount in reproductive and sexually active women to role out and treat before surgery if positive.
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| *Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) levels. If any levels are elevated, they may assist in diagnosis and/ or follow-up of women diagnosed with malignant ovarian GCTs.
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| *Inhibin A and B
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| *Cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) - For epithelial tumors
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| *Ultrasound: Dysgerminoma often appears as a [[Echogenicity|hypoechoic]] [[mass]]
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| *
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| *
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| *
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| * Chemotherapy: except those with stage 1a, stage 1a, 1b [[dysgerminoma]]
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| * Radiotherapy:
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|
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|
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| <nowiki>**</nowiki> [[Dysgerminoma]] is radiosensitive.
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| [[Radiotherapy|** Radiotherapy]] is not anymore the first option of treatment for [[dysgerminoma]] considering its association with [[ovarian failure]]<nowiki/>development.
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|
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| * Surgery: for diagnostic grading and therapy depending on if the patient prefers to preserve the ovary or not.
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|
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| <br />
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| * The 5-year [[survival rate]] of the patient even with [[Disseminated disease|disseminated]][[dysgerminoma]] at the time of [[diagnosis]] is above 90%.
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| Germinoma
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="6;" | Extragonadal
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1;"| Embryonic
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| *
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| Teratoma
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1;"|
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| Extraembryonic
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| Coriocarcinoma
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| |-
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| Yolk sac tumor
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
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| |-
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| |}
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| <references />
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