Coronavirus medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADI}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADI}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Treatment of coronavirus [[infection]] includes supportive measures and [[Symptomatic treatment|symptomatic management]]. No specific treatment is available. | Treatment of coronavirus [[infection]] includes supportive measures and [[Symptomatic treatment|symptomatic management]]. No specific treatment is available. Given the emergence of the cases during the [[influenza]] season, all [[Patient|patients]] presenting with COVID-19 were given [[oral]] and [[intravenous]] [[antibiotics]] and [[Oseltamivir]] (75 mg twice daily via oral route) empirically. [[Corticosteroids]] ([[methylprednisolone]] 40 - 120 mg/day) were given as a combined regimen if severe [[community-acquired pneumonia]] was [[Diagnosis|diagnosed]]. Oxygen support (e.g., via nasal cannula and invasive mechanical ventilation) was given to [[Patient|patients]] indicated by the severity of [[hypoxemia]]. | ||
==Medical Therapy== | ==Medical Therapy== | ||
Treatment | Treatment of coronavirus [[infection]] includes supportive measures and [[Symptomatic treatment|symptomatic management]], including:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | ||
* Taking [[pain]] and [[fever]] medications ([[aspirin]] should not be given to children). | * Taking [[pain]] and [[fever]] medications ([[aspirin]] should not be given to children). | ||
* Using a room humidifier or taking a hot shower to help ease | * Using a room humidifier or taking a hot shower to help ease [[sore throat]] and [[cough]]. | ||
* Drinking plenty of liquids, staying home and taking rest. | * Drinking plenty of liquids, staying home and taking rest. | ||
:*'''Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome- coronavirus'''<ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014 | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-1930808782 }}</ref><ref name="pmid16968120">{{cite journal| author=Stockman LJ, Bellamy R, Garner P| title=SARS: systematic review of treatment effects. | journal=PLoS Med | year= 2006 | volume= 3 | issue= 9 | pages= e343 | pmid=16968120 | doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0030343 | pmc=PMC1564166 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16968120 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15766649">{{cite journal| author=Groneberg DA, Poutanen SM, Low DE, Lode H, Welte T, Zabel P| title=Treatment and vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome. | journal=Lancet Infect Dis | year= 2005 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 147-55 | pmid=15766649 | doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)01307-1 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15766649 }} </ref> | :*'''Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome- coronavirus'''<ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014 | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-1930808782 }}</ref><ref name="pmid16968120">{{cite journal| author=Stockman LJ, Bellamy R, Garner P| title=SARS: systematic review of treatment effects. | journal=PLoS Med | year= 2006 | volume= 3 | issue= 9 | pages= e343 | pmid=16968120 | doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0030343 | pmc=PMC1564166 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16968120 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15766649">{{cite journal| author=Groneberg DA, Poutanen SM, Low DE, Lode H, Welte T, Zabel P| title=Treatment and vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome. | journal=Lancet Infect Dis | year= 2005 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 147-55 | pmid=15766649 | doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)01307-1 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15766649 }} </ref> | ||
:*Preferred regimen: | :*Preferred regimen: Supportive therapy | ||
:*Note: New therapies were studied for SARS during the last outbreaks which concluded: | :*Note: New therapies were studied for SARS during the last outbreaks which concluded: | ||
::* [[Ribavirin]] ineffective and probably harmful due to haemolytic anaemia | ::* [[Ribavirin]] ineffective and probably harmful due to haemolytic anaemia | ||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
::* Inhaled [[Nitric oxide]] potent mediator of airway inflammation, its has improved oxygenation in some studies | ::* Inhaled [[Nitric oxide]] potent mediator of airway inflammation, its has improved oxygenation in some studies | ||
=== Management of | === Management of COVID-19 === | ||
* Given the emergence of the cases during the influenza season, all patients presenting with | * Given the emergence of the cases during the [[influenza]] season, all [[Patient|patients]] presenting with COVID-19 were given [[oral]] and [[intravenous]] [[antibiotics]] and [[Oseltamivir]] (75 mg twice daily via oral route) empirically.<ref name="HuangWang2020">{{cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Chaolin|last2=Wang|first2=Yeming|last3=Li|first3=Xingwang|last4=Ren|first4=Lili|last5=Zhao|first5=Jianping|last6=Hu|first6=Yi|last7=Zhang|first7=Li|last8=Fan|first8=Guohui|last9=Xu|first9=Jiuyang|last10=Gu|first10=Xiaoying|last11=Cheng|first11=Zhenshun|last12=Yu|first12=Ting|last13=Xia|first13=Jiaan|last14=Wei|first14=Yuan|last15=Wu|first15=Wenjuan|last16=Xie|first16=Xuelei|last17=Yin|first17=Wen|last18=Li|first18=Hui|last19=Liu|first19=Min|last20=Xiao|first20=Yan|last21=Gao|first21=Hong|last22=Guo|first22=Li|last23=Xie|first23=Jungang|last24=Wang|first24=Guangfa|last25=Jiang|first25=Rongmeng|last26=Gao|first26=Zhancheng|last27=Jin|first27=Qi|last28=Wang|first28=Jianwei|last29=Cao|first29=Bin|title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China|journal=The Lancet|year=2020|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5}}</ref> | ||
*[[Corticosteroids]] ([[methylprednisolone]] 40 - 120 mg/day) were given as a combined regimen if severe [[community-acquired pneumonia]] was [[Diagnosis|diagnosed]]. | |||
*Oxygen support (e.g., via nasal cannula and invasive mechanical ventilation) was given to [[Patient|patients]] indicated by the severity of [[hypoxemia]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 21:04, 13 February 2020
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Coronavirus medical therapy On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Treatment of coronavirus infection includes supportive measures and symptomatic management. No specific treatment is available. Given the emergence of the cases during the influenza season, all patients presenting with COVID-19 were given oral and intravenous antibiotics and Oseltamivir (75 mg twice daily via oral route) empirically. Corticosteroids (methylprednisolone 40 - 120 mg/day) were given as a combined regimen if severe community-acquired pneumonia was diagnosed. Oxygen support (e.g., via nasal cannula and invasive mechanical ventilation) was given to patients indicated by the severity of hypoxemia.
Medical Therapy
Treatment of coronavirus infection includes supportive measures and symptomatic management, including:[1]
- Taking pain and fever medications (aspirin should not be given to children).
- Using a room humidifier or taking a hot shower to help ease sore throat and cough.
- Drinking plenty of liquids, staying home and taking rest.
- Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome- coronavirus[2][3][4]
- Preferred regimen: Supportive therapy
- Note: New therapies were studied for SARS during the last outbreaks which concluded:
- Ribavirin ineffective and probably harmful due to haemolytic anaemia
- Lopinavir PLUS Ritonavir is still controversial and need further investigation
- Interferon has no benefit and its studies are inconclusive
- Corticosteroids increases risk of fungal infections, some studies showed a higher incidence of psychosis, diabetes, avascular necrosis and osteoporosis
- Inhaled Nitric oxide potent mediator of airway inflammation, its has improved oxygenation in some studies
Management of COVID-19
- Given the emergence of the cases during the influenza season, all patients presenting with COVID-19 were given oral and intravenous antibiotics and Oseltamivir (75 mg twice daily via oral route) empirically.[5]
- Corticosteroids (methylprednisolone 40 - 120 mg/day) were given as a combined regimen if severe community-acquired pneumonia was diagnosed.
- Oxygen support (e.g., via nasal cannula and invasive mechanical ventilation) was given to patients indicated by the severity of hypoxemia.
References
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.html. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Gilbert, David (2014). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808782.
- ↑ Stockman LJ, Bellamy R, Garner P (2006). "SARS: systematic review of treatment effects". PLoS Med. 3 (9): e343. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030343. PMC 1564166. PMID 16968120.
- ↑ Groneberg DA, Poutanen SM, Low DE, Lode H, Welte T, Zabel P (2005). "Treatment and vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome". Lancet Infect Dis. 5 (3): 147–55. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)01307-1. PMID 15766649.
- ↑ Huang, Chaolin; Wang, Yeming; Li, Xingwang; Ren, Lili; Zhao, Jianping; Hu, Yi; Zhang, Li; Fan, Guohui; Xu, Jiuyang; Gu, Xiaoying; Cheng, Zhenshun; Yu, Ting; Xia, Jiaan; Wei, Yuan; Wu, Wenjuan; Xie, Xuelei; Yin, Wen; Li, Hui; Liu, Min; Xiao, Yan; Gao, Hong; Guo, Li; Xie, Jungang; Wang, Guangfa; Jiang, Rongmeng; Gao, Zhancheng; Jin, Qi; Wang, Jianwei; Cao, Bin (2020). "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. ISSN 0140-6736.