Myxoma classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Cardiac myxomas are classified by the World Health Organization ([[WHO]]) histological classification of tumors of the heart, as "[[Benign tumors]] and tumor-like lesions" and categorized into a type of [[pluripotent]] [[mesenchymal]] tumor. | Cardiac myxomas are classified by the [[World Health Organization]] ([[WHO]]) [[histological]] [[classification]] of [[Tumor|tumors]] of the [[heart]], as "[[Benign tumors]] and [[tumor]]-like [[Lesion|lesions]]" and categorized into a type of [[pluripotent]] [[mesenchymal]] [[tumor]]. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
* Based on the location and biological behavior of symptoms, cardiac myxomas may be classified into two groups: '''typical''' and '''atypical'''. In typical cases, cardiac myxomas are almost always single, and there is a striking predilection for the left atrium, with approximately 75-86% occurring there.<ref name="pmid10903697">{{cite journal |vauthors=Grebenc ML, Rosado de Christenson ML, Burke AP, Green CE, Galvin JR |title=Primary cardiac and pericardial neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=1073–103; quiz 1110–1, 1112 |year=2000 |pmid=10903697 |doi=10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl081073 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23460447">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amano J, Nakayama J, Yoshimura Y, Ikeda U |title=Clinical classification of cardiovascular tumors and tumor-like lesions, and its incidences |journal=Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg |volume=61 |issue=8 |pages=435–47 |year=2013 |pmid=23460447 |pmc=3732772 |doi=10.1007/s11748-013-0214-8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7446701">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wold LE, Lie JT |title=Cardiac myxomas: a clinicopathologic profile |journal=Am. J. Pathol. |volume=101 |issue=1 |pages=219–40 |year=1980 |pmid=7446701 |pmc=1903582 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * Based on the location and [[biological]] [[behavior]] of [[Symptom|symptoms]], cardiac myxomas may be classified into two groups: '''typical''' and '''atypical.'''<ref name="NinaSilva2012">{{cite journal|last1=Nina|first1=Vinícius JS|last2=Silva|first2=Nathalia AC|last3=Gaspar|first3=Shirlyne FD|last4=Rapôso|first4=Thaísa L|last5=Ferreira|first5=Eduardo C|last6=Nina|first6=Rachel VAH|last7=Lages|first7=Joyce S|last8=Silva|first8=Fernando ACC|last9=Filho|first9=Natalino Salgado|title=Atypical size and location of a right atrial myxoma: a case report|journal=Journal of Medical Case Reports|volume=6|issue=1|year=2012|issn=1752-1947|doi=10.1186/1752-1947-6-26}}</ref> | ||
*'''Typical''': | |||
* In atypical cases, presentation is usually early and multicentricity is more common. They are more frequently located on the right side of the heart (38%), or in the [[left ventricle]] (5%). There is also recurrence after [[surgical]] excision (12%–22%) and an association with other conditions, such as the [[Carney complex]].<ref name="pmid10903697" /> | **In typical cases, cardiac myxomas are almost always single, and there is a striking predilection for the left [[Atrium (heart)|atrium]], with approximately 75-86% occurring there.<ref name="pmid10903697">{{cite journal |vauthors=Grebenc ML, Rosado de Christenson ML, Burke AP, Green CE, Galvin JR |title=Primary cardiac and pericardial neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation |journal=Radiographics |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=1073–103; quiz 1110–1, 1112 |year=2000 |pmid=10903697 |doi=10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl081073 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23460447">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amano J, Nakayama J, Yoshimura Y, Ikeda U |title=Clinical classification of cardiovascular tumors and tumor-like lesions, and its incidences |journal=Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg |volume=61 |issue=8 |pages=435–47 |year=2013 |pmid=23460447 |pmc=3732772 |doi=10.1007/s11748-013-0214-8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7446701">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wold LE, Lie JT |title=Cardiac myxomas: a clinicopathologic profile |journal=Am. J. Pathol. |volume=101 |issue=1 |pages=219–40 |year=1980 |pmid=7446701 |pmc=1903582 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*'''atypical'''. | |||
**In atypical cases, presentation is usually early and multicentricity is more common. They are more frequently located on the right side of the [[heart]] (38%), or in the [[left ventricle]] (5%). There is also recurrence after [[surgical]] excision (12%–22%) and an association with other conditions, such as the [[Carney complex]].<ref name="pmid10903697" /> | |||
* Cardiac myxomas are anatomically distributed, as following:<ref name="pmid10903697" /> | * Cardiac myxomas are anatomically distributed, as following:<ref name="pmid10903697" /> | ||
**[[Atria]] (95%) | **[[Atria]] (95%) | ||
| Line 19: | Line 20: | ||
**[[Ventricle|Ventricles]] (5%) | **[[Ventricle|Ventricles]] (5%) | ||
* There is no established [[histological]] differentiation between both type of cardiac myxomas (typical and atypical).<ref name="pmid3951243">{{cite journal |vauthors=McCarthy PM, Piehler JM, Schaff HV, Pluth JR, Orszulak TA, Vidaillet HJ, Carney JA |title=The significance of multiple, recurrent, and "complex" cardiac myxomas |journal=J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. |volume=91 |issue=3 |pages=389–96 |year=1986 |pmid=3951243 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * There is no established [[histological]] differentiation between both type of [[cardiac]] myxomas (typical and atypical).<ref name="pmid3951243">{{cite journal |vauthors=McCarthy PM, Piehler JM, Schaff HV, Pluth JR, Orszulak TA, Vidaillet HJ, Carney JA |title=The significance of multiple, recurrent, and "complex" cardiac myxomas |journal=J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. |volume=91 |issue=3 |pages=389–96 |year=1986 |pmid=3951243 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:29, 13 April 2020
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Myxoma classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Myxoma classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sogand Goudarzi, MD [2] Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [3]
Overview
Cardiac myxomas are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification of tumors of the heart, as "Benign tumors and tumor-like lesions" and categorized into a type of pluripotent mesenchymal tumor.
Classification
- Based on the location and biological behavior of symptoms, cardiac myxomas may be classified into two groups: typical and atypical.[1]
- Typical:
- atypical.
- In atypical cases, presentation is usually early and multicentricity is more common. They are more frequently located on the right side of the heart (38%), or in the left ventricle (5%). There is also recurrence after surgical excision (12%–22%) and an association with other conditions, such as the Carney complex.[2]
- Cardiac myxomas are anatomically distributed, as following:[2]
- Atria (95%)
- Left (75%)
- Right (20%)
- Ventricles (5%)
- Atria (95%)
- There is no established histological differentiation between both type of cardiac myxomas (typical and atypical).[5]
References
- ↑ Nina, Vinícius JS; Silva, Nathalia AC; Gaspar, Shirlyne FD; Rapôso, Thaísa L; Ferreira, Eduardo C; Nina, Rachel VAH; Lages, Joyce S; Silva, Fernando ACC; Filho, Natalino Salgado (2012). "Atypical size and location of a right atrial myxoma: a case report". Journal of Medical Case Reports. 6 (1). doi:10.1186/1752-1947-6-26. ISSN 1752-1947.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Grebenc ML, Rosado de Christenson ML, Burke AP, Green CE, Galvin JR (2000). "Primary cardiac and pericardial neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation". Radiographics. 20 (4): 1073–103, quiz 1110–1, 1112. doi:10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl081073. PMID 10903697.
- ↑ Amano J, Nakayama J, Yoshimura Y, Ikeda U (2013). "Clinical classification of cardiovascular tumors and tumor-like lesions, and its incidences". Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 61 (8): 435–47. doi:10.1007/s11748-013-0214-8. PMC 3732772. PMID 23460447.
- ↑ Wold LE, Lie JT (1980). "Cardiac myxomas: a clinicopathologic profile". Am. J. Pathol. 101 (1): 219–40. PMC 1903582. PMID 7446701.
- ↑ McCarthy PM, Piehler JM, Schaff HV, Pluth JR, Orszulak TA, Vidaillet HJ, Carney JA (1986). "The significance of multiple, recurrent, and "complex" cardiac myxomas". J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 91 (3): 389–96. PMID 3951243.