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{{Asperger syndrome}}
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==<s>Classification</s>==
<s>Asperger's syndrome is one of the [[autism spectrum disorder]]s (ASD) or [[pervasive developmental disorder]]s (PDD), which are a [[spectrum disorder|spectrum of psychological conditions]] that are characterized by abnormalities of [[social interaction]] and communication that pervade the individual's functioning, and by restricted and repetitive interests and behavior. Like other psychological development disorders, ASD begins in infancy or childhood, has a steady course without remission or relapse, and has impairments that result from maturation-related changes in various systems of the brain.<ref name="ICD-10-F84.0">{{cite book |chapterurl=http://www.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/?gf80.htm+f840 |date=2006 |accessdate=2007-06-25 |title= International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems |edition= 10th ed. ([[ICD-10]]) |author= [[World Health Organization]] |chapter= F84. Pervasive developmental disorders}}</ref> ASD, in turn, is a subset of the broader autism [[phenotype]] (BAP), which describes individuals who may not have ASD but do have autistic-like [[Trait (biology)|traits]], such as social deficits.<ref>{{cite journal |author= Piven J, Palmer P, Jacobi D, Childress D, Arndt S |title= Broader autism phenotype: evidence from a family history study of multiple-incidence autism families |journal= Am J Psychiatry |date=1997 |volume=154 |issue=2 |pages=185–90 |pmid=9016266 |url=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/reprint/154/2/185.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref> Of the other four ASD forms, [[autism]] is the most similar to AS in signs and likely causes but its diagnosis requires impaired communication and allows delay in [[cognitive development]]; [[Rett syndrome]] and [[childhood disintegrative disorder]] share several signs with autism, but may have unrelated causes; and [[PDD not otherwise specified|pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)]] is diagnosed when the criteria for a more specific disorder are unmet.<ref>{{cite journal |author= Lord C, Cook EH, Leventhal BL, [[David Amaral|Amaral DG]] |title= Autism spectrum disorders |journal=Neuron |volume=28 |issue=2 |date=2000 |pages=355–63 |doi=10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00115-X |pmid=11144346}}</ref> The extent of the [[Diagnosis of Asperger syndrome#Differences from high-functioning autism|overlap between AS and high-functioning autism]] ([[High-functioning autism|HFA]]—autism unaccompanied by mental retardation) is unclear.{{cite journal |journal= J Autism Dev Disord |date=2008 |title= Examining the validity of autism spectrum disorder subtypes |author= Witwer AN, Lecavalier L |doi=10.1007/s10803-008-0541-2 |pmid=18327636}}
<nowiki></ref></nowiki><ref name="Kasari">{{cite journal |author= Kasari C, Rotheram-Fuller E |title= Current trends in psychological research on children with high-functioning autism and Asperger disorder |journal= Curr Opin Psychiatry |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=497–501 |year=2005 |pmid=16639107 |doi= <!-- 10.1097/01.yco.0000179486.47144.61 says Diberri; but this incorrectly points to PMID 7473944 -->}}</ref> The current ASD classification may not reflect the true nature of the conditions.<ref>{{cite journal |author= [[Peter Szatmari|Szatmari P]] |year=2000 |title= The classification of autism, Asperger's syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder |journal= Can J Psychiatry |volume=45 |issue=8 |pages=731–38 |pmid=11086556 |url=http://ww1.cpa-apc.org:8080/Publications/Archives/CJP/2000/Oct/Classification.asp}}</ref></s>


== Overview ==
== Overview ==
According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)<ref>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref> released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disorders in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.
According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ([[Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders|DSM]]-5)<ref name=":0">{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref> released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of [[neurodevelopmental disorders]] in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.


== Classification ==
== Classification ==
According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disorders in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.
According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ([[Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders|DSM]]-5)<ref name=":0" /> released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of [[neurodevelopmental disorders]] in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.


=== Differences Between DSM-5 and DSM-IV Classification ===
=== Differences Between DSM-5 and DSM-IV Classification ===
In DSM-IV,  Asperger Syndrome (AS) was one of the 5 subtypes of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (which included: autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), and Rett syndrome). In 2013, in DSM-5, a category called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was created by combining 4 of the 5 subtypes of DSM-IV's Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and childhood disintegrative disorder).<ref name="pmid32206584">{{cite journal| author=Hodges H, Fealko C, Soares N| title=Autism spectrum disorder: definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation. | journal=Transl Pediatr | year= 2020 | volume= 9 | issue= Suppl 1 | pages= S55-S65 | pmid=32206584 | doi=10.21037/tp.2019.09.09 | pmc=7082249 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32206584  }} </ref>  
In DSM-IV,  Asperger Syndrome (AS) was one of the 5 subtypes of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (which included: autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), and Rett syndrome). In 2013, in DSM-5, a category called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was created by combining 4 of the 5 subtypes of DSM-IV's Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and childhood disintegrative disorder).<ref name=":0" /><ref name="pmid32206584">{{cite journal| author=Hodges H, Fealko C, Soares N| title=Autism spectrum disorder: definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation. | journal=Transl Pediatr | year= 2020 | volume= 9 | issue= Suppl 1 | pages= S55-S65 | pmid=32206584 | doi=10.21037/tp.2019.09.09 | pmc=7082249 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32206584  }} </ref>  


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:18, 22 June 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shakiba Hassanzadeh, MD[2]

Overview

According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)[1] released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disorders in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.

Classification

According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)[1] released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disorders in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.

Differences Between DSM-5 and DSM-IV Classification

In DSM-IV, Asperger Syndrome (AS) was one of the 5 subtypes of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (which included: autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), and Rett syndrome). In 2013, in DSM-5, a category called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was created by combining 4 of the 5 subtypes of DSM-IV's Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and childhood disintegrative disorder).[1][2]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
  2. ↑ Hodges H, Fealko C, Soares N (2020). "Autism spectrum disorder: definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation". Transl Pediatr. 9 (Suppl 1): S55–S65. doi:10.21037/tp.2019.09.09. PMC 7082249 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 32206584 Check |pmid= value (help).
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