Nausea and vomiting epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Epidemiology and demographics== | ==Epidemiology and demographics== | ||
In population studies, more than 50% of adults | *In [[population studies]], at least one episode of [[nausea]] was reported in more than 50% of adults, and one episode of [[vomiting]] in more than 30% of adults within the preceding 12 months, with nausea seen more in women than men. <ref name="urlMechanisms and Control of Emesis: A Satellite Symposium of the European ... - Google Books">{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vb3G_22QLI0C&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&ots=p93_bbQgbu&sig=J1lrOOLtvbICmdF_6qNiHaFZLrs#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Mechanisms and Control of Emesis: A Satellite Symposium of the European ... - Google Books |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid26770271">{{cite journal |vauthors=Singh P, Yoon SS, Kuo B |title=Nausea: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutics |journal=Therap Adv Gastroenterol |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=98–112 |date=January 2016 |pmid=26770271 |pmc=4699282 |doi=10.1177/1756283X15618131 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*A significant [[psychological]] and economic impact of nausea and vomiting is seen with an estimated economic burden of $4-16 billion on US economy. <ref name="pmid26770271">{{cite journal |vauthors=Singh P, Yoon SS, Kuo B |title=Nausea: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutics |journal=Therap Adv Gastroenterol |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=98–112 |date=January 2016 |pmid=26770271 |pmc=4699282 |doi=10.1177/1756283X15618131 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Only 25% of people with acute symptoms of nausea and vomiting seek medical help. <ref name="pmid17885699">{{cite journal |vauthors=Metz A, Hebbard G |title=Nausea and vomiting in adults--a diagnostic approach |journal=Aust Fam Physician |volume=36 |issue=9 |pages=688–92 |date=September 2007 |pmid=17885699 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
*[[Incidence]] of nausea and vomiting varies with the underlying cause. | |||
*Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy effects 70% to 80% of all pregnant women. <ref name="pmid21601782">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee NM, Saha S |title=Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy |journal=Gastroenterol Clin North Am |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=309–34, vii |date=June 2011 |pmid=21601782 |pmc=3676933 |doi=10.1016/j.gtc.2011.03.009 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Approximately 40% of patients experience nausea and 15%-25% patients experience vomiting with [[opioid]] use. <ref name="pmid29131554">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mallick-Searle T, Fillman M |title=The pathophysiology, incidence, impact, and treatment of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting |journal=J Am Assoc Nurse Pract |volume=29 |issue=11 |pages=704–710 |date=November 2017 |pmid=29131554 |doi=10.1002/2327-6924.12532 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Incidence of [[postoperative]] nausea and vomiting varies from 8%-92%. <ref name="pmid29131554">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mallick-Searle T, Fillman M |title=The pathophysiology, incidence, impact, and treatment of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting |journal=J Am Assoc Nurse Pract |volume=29 |issue=11 |pages=704–710 |date=November 2017 |pmid=29131554 |doi=10.1002/2327-6924.12532 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
*In population studies, at least one episode of nausea was reported in more than 50% of adults, and one episode of vomiting in more than 30% of adults within the preceding 12 months, with nausea seen more in women than men. <ref name="urlMechanisms and Control of Emesis: A Satellite Symposium of the European ... - Google Books">{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vb3G_22QLI0C&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&ots=p93_bbQgbu&sig=J1lrOOLtvbICmdF_6qNiHaFZLrs#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Mechanisms and Control of Emesis: A Satellite Symposium of the European ... - Google Books |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*Only 25% of people with acute symptoms of nausea and vomiting seek medical help. <ref name="pmid17885699">{{cite journal |vauthors=Metz A, Hebbard G |title=Nausea and vomiting in adults--a diagnostic approach |journal=Aust Fam Physician |volume=36 |issue=9 |pages=688–92 |date=September 2007 |pmid=17885699 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
The prevalence of [ | * The exact [[prevalence]] of [[idiopathic]] [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]] is not known. <ref name="pmid26770271">{{cite journal |vauthors=Singh P, Yoon SS, Kuo B |title=Nausea: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutics |journal=Therap Adv Gastroenterol |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=98–112 |date=January 2016 |pmid=26770271 |pmc=4699282 |doi=10.1177/1756283X15618131 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
* In a study of patients with nausea and vomiting in Australia, between April 2000 and March 2006. vomiting was more often presented in children aged <15 years and decreased steadily with age. <ref name="pmid17885697">{{cite journal |vauthors=Britt H, Fahridin S |title=Presentations of nausea and vomiting |journal=Aust Fam Physician |volume=36 |issue=9 |pages=682–3 |date=September 2007 |pmid=17885697 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Nausea was more often presented in age 15-25 years and less frequently in all other age groups. | |||
===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
*White/African-Americans experience less nausea than Asian/Asian-American subjects. <ref name="pmid8216144">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stern RM, Hu S, LeBlanc R, Koch KL |title=Chinese hyper-susceptibility to vection-induced motion sickness |journal=Aviat Space Environ Med |volume=64 |issue=9 Pt 1 |pages=827–30 |date=September 1993 |pmid=8216144 |doi= |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid8825456">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stern RM, Hu S, Uijtdehaage SH, Muth ER, Xu LH, Koch KL |title=Asian hypersusceptibility to motion sickness |journal=Hum Hered |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=7–14 |date=1996 |pmid=8825456 |doi=10.1159/000154318 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
* [[Prevalence]] of nausea is more in females than males. <ref name="pmid11869741">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haug TT, Mykletun A, Dahl AA |title=The prevalence of nausea in the community: psychological, social and somatic factors |journal=Gen Hosp Psychiatry |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=81–6 |date=2002 |pmid=11869741 |doi=10.1016/s0163-8343(01)00184-0 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Nausea and vomiting associated with [[gastroenteritis]] is significantly more in males than in females. <ref name="pmid17885697">{{cite journal |vauthors=Britt H, Fahridin S |title=Presentations of nausea and vomiting |journal=Aust Fam Physician |volume=36 |issue=9 |pages=682–3 |date=September 2007 |pmid=17885697 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Undiagnosed cases of nausea and vomiting are more commonly seen in females than males. <ref name="pmid17885697">{{cite journal |vauthors=Britt H, Fahridin S |title=Presentations of nausea and vomiting |journal=Aust Fam Physician |volume=36 |issue=9 |pages=682–3 |date=September 2007 |pmid=17885697 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Developed Countries=== | ===Developed Countries=== | ||
* In a study, nausea and vomiting was reported more commonly by less educated pregnant females (hence less common in developed countries due to high literacy rate) <ref name="pmid16879499">{{cite journal |vauthors=Louik C, Hernandez-Diaz S, Werler MM, Mitchell AA |title=Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: maternal characteristics and risk factors |journal=Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=270–8 |date=July 2006 |pmid=16879499 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00723.x |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Developing Countries=== | ===Developing Countries=== | ||
* Developing countries may have more cases of nausea and vomiting due to low literacy and low socioeconomic status according to a study that involved cases of [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]] in pregnant females. <ref name="pmid16879499">{{cite journal |vauthors=Louik C, Hernandez-Diaz S, Werler MM, Mitchell AA |title=Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: maternal characteristics and risk factors |journal=Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=270–8 |date=July 2006 |pmid=16879499 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00723.x |url=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 02:24, 21 January 2021
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Overview
Epidemiology and demographics
- In population studies, at least one episode of nausea was reported in more than 50% of adults, and one episode of vomiting in more than 30% of adults within the preceding 12 months, with nausea seen more in women than men. [1] [2]
- A significant psychological and economic impact of nausea and vomiting is seen with an estimated economic burden of $4-16 billion on US economy. [2]
- Only 25% of people with acute symptoms of nausea and vomiting seek medical help. [3]
Incidence
- Incidence of nausea and vomiting varies with the underlying cause.
- Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy effects 70% to 80% of all pregnant women. [4]
- Approximately 40% of patients experience nausea and 15%-25% patients experience vomiting with opioid use. [5]
- Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting varies from 8%-92%. [5]
Prevalence
- In population studies, at least one episode of nausea was reported in more than 50% of adults, and one episode of vomiting in more than 30% of adults within the preceding 12 months, with nausea seen more in women than men. [1]
- Only 25% of people with acute symptoms of nausea and vomiting seek medical help. [3]
- The exact prevalence of idiopathic nausea and vomiting is not known. [2]
Age
- In a study of patients with nausea and vomiting in Australia, between April 2000 and March 2006. vomiting was more often presented in children aged <15 years and decreased steadily with age. [6]
- Nausea was more often presented in age 15-25 years and less frequently in all other age groups.
Race
Gender
- Prevalence of nausea is more in females than males. [9]
- Nausea and vomiting associated with gastroenteritis is significantly more in males than in females. [6]
- Undiagnosed cases of nausea and vomiting are more commonly seen in females than males. [6]
Developed Countries
- In a study, nausea and vomiting was reported more commonly by less educated pregnant females (hence less common in developed countries due to high literacy rate) [10]
Developing Countries
- Developing countries may have more cases of nausea and vomiting due to low literacy and low socioeconomic status according to a study that involved cases of nausea and vomiting in pregnant females. [10]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Mechanisms and Control of Emesis: A Satellite Symposium of the European ... - Google Books".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Singh P, Yoon SS, Kuo B (January 2016). "Nausea: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutics". Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 9 (1): 98–112. doi:10.1177/1756283X15618131. PMC 4699282. PMID 26770271.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Metz A, Hebbard G (September 2007). "Nausea and vomiting in adults--a diagnostic approach". Aust Fam Physician. 36 (9): 688–92. PMID 17885699.
- ↑ Lee NM, Saha S (June 2011). "Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy". Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 40 (2): 309–34, vii. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2011.03.009. PMC 3676933. PMID 21601782.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Mallick-Searle T, Fillman M (November 2017). "The pathophysiology, incidence, impact, and treatment of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting". J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 29 (11): 704–710. doi:10.1002/2327-6924.12532. PMID 29131554.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Britt H, Fahridin S (September 2007). "Presentations of nausea and vomiting". Aust Fam Physician. 36 (9): 682–3. PMID 17885697.
- ↑ Stern RM, Hu S, LeBlanc R, Koch KL (September 1993). "Chinese hyper-susceptibility to vection-induced motion sickness". Aviat Space Environ Med. 64 (9 Pt 1): 827–30. PMID 8216144.
- ↑ Stern RM, Hu S, Uijtdehaage SH, Muth ER, Xu LH, Koch KL (1996). "Asian hypersusceptibility to motion sickness". Hum Hered. 46 (1): 7–14. doi:10.1159/000154318. PMID 8825456.
- ↑ Haug TT, Mykletun A, Dahl AA (2002). "The prevalence of nausea in the community: psychological, social and somatic factors". Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 24 (2): 81–6. doi:10.1016/s0163-8343(01)00184-0. PMID 11869741.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Louik C, Hernandez-Diaz S, Werler MM, Mitchell AA (July 2006). "Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: maternal characteristics and risk factors". Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 20 (4): 270–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00723.x. PMID 16879499.