Vertigo causes: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 20:02, 20 January 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Common causes of vertigo may include Ménière’s disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, labyrinthitis, vestibular neuritis. Less common causes of vertigo may include mood disorder, anxiety, and migraine. Life-threatening causes include brainstem ischemia/hemorrhage, hypertension crisis, drug overdose, cyanide poisoning.

Causes

Common Causes

Common causes of vertigo may include:


Peripheral Vertigo Causes^[1]
Ménière’s disease	Increased endolymph volume in semicircular canals. Recurrent vertigo, aural fullness, hearing loss and tinnitus
Acoustic neuroma	tinnitus, ear pain, aural fullness, headache, facial weakness.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo	Dislodged otoliths stimulate vestibular sense organ. Recurrent vertigo, nausea, vomiting, torsional nystagmus
Acute labyrinthitis	Inflammation of labyrinth/ viral or bacterial. Temporary hearing loss, vertigo, off balance, tinnitus
Acute vestibular neuritis	Inflammation of vestibular nerve caused by viral infection. Vertigo, hearing intact
Herpes Zoster Oticus	Ear pain, facial palsy, hearing loss, tinnitus vertigo herpetic eruptions of the auricle and/or external auditory canal.
Cholesteatoma	Cyst/sac of keratin debris in middle ear. Fullness/pressure in the ear, vertigo, hearing loss, pain
Otosclerosis	Abnormal bone growth in the middle ear. Vertigo, tinnitus and, sensorineural hearing loss
Central Vertigo Causes^[2]
Brainstem Stroke	Vertigo, imbalance, double vision, slurred speech, and altered consciousness.
Vestibular Migraine	Mostly unilateral severe throbbing headache, vertigo lasting minutes to hours, sensitivity to motion/light/smell/noise, nausea, vomiting, imbalance.
Multiple Sclerosis	Vertigo may accompany other symptoms like vision problem, fatigue, numbness/tingling, limited mobility, bladder/bowel/speech/swallowing impairment.
Cerebellopontine angle tumors	Meningioma or schwannoma in cerebellopontine angle can cause vertigo due to pressure on vestibular nerve.
Lateral medullary syndrome	Results from ischemia in the lateral part of the brainstem(medulla oblongata). Associated with ataxia, nystagmus, vertigo, dysphagia, dysarthria.
Chiari malformation	Extension of brainstem into spinal canal. Associated with numbness/tingling of hands and feet, dysphagia, vertigo, unsteady gait, hoarseness.
Other Causes
Medication induced	Aminoglycosides, anticonvulsants(phenytoin), anti-depressants(tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase), antihypertensives, diuretics (furosemide), barbiturates, cocaine, nitroglycerin, salicylates
Psychogenic	Mood, anxiety, or alcohol abuse disorders

Less Common Causes

References

↑ name="Karatas2008">Karatas, Mehmet (2008). "Central Vertigo and Dizziness". The Neurologist. 14 (6): 355–364. doi:10.1097/NRL.0b013e31817533a3. ISSN 1074-7931.
↑ Kerber, Kevin A. (2009). "Vertigo and Dizziness in the Emergency Department". Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 27 (1): 39–50. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2008.09.002. ISSN 0733-8627.
↑ Brantberg, Krister; Trees, Natalie; Baloh, Robert W. (2009). "Migraine-associated vertigo". Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 125 (3): 276–279. doi:10.1080/00016480510003165. ISSN 0001-6489.
↑ Balaban, Carey D.; Jacob, Rolf G. (2001). "Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo". Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 15 (1–2): 27–51. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(00)00041-4. ISSN 0887-6185.

Template:WH Template:WS

[1] ="Karatas2008">Karatas, Mehmet (2008). "Central Vertigo and Dizziness". The Neurologist. 14 (6): 355–364. doi:10.1097/NRL.0b013e31817533a3. ISSN 1074-7931.

[Kerber2009-2] Kerber, Kevin A. (2009). "Vertigo and Dizziness in the Emergency Department". Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 27 (1): 39–50. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2008.09.002. ISSN 0733-8627.

[BrantbergTrees2009-3] Brantberg, Krister; Trees, Natalie; Baloh, Robert W. (2009). "Migraine-associated vertigo". Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 125 (3): 276–279. doi:10.1080/00016480510003165. ISSN 0001-6489.

[BalabanJacob2001-4] Balaban, Carey D.; Jacob, Rolf G. (2001). "Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo". Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 15 (1–2): 27–51. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(00)00041-4. ISSN 0887-6185.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
-{{SI}}
+{{Vertigo}}
 {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ZMalik}}
 ==Overview==
-Common causes of vertigo are Ménière’s disease, benign positional paroxysmal vertigo, labyrinthitis, vestibular neuritis. Life threatening causes to look for include brainstem ischemia/hemorrhage, hypertension crisis, drug overdose, cyanide poisoning.
+Common causes of vertigo may include [[Ménière’s disease]], [[benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]], [[labyrinthitis]], [[vestibular neuritis]]. Less common causes of vertigo may include [[mood disorder]], [[anxiety]], and [[migraine]]. Life-threatening causes include [[brainstem]] [[ischemia]]/[[hemorrhage]], [[hypertension]] [[crisis]], [[drug]] [[overdose]], [[cyanide]] [[poisoning]].
 ==Causes==
-:*
+===Common Causes===
+:*Common causes of vertigo may include:
+:*
 {| class="wikitable"
 |+
@@ Line 26: / Line 31: @@
 ![[Acute]] [[labyrinthitis]]
 |
-*Inflammation of [[labyrinth]]/ [[viral]] or [[bacterial]]. Temporary hearing loss, vertigo, off balance, [[tinnitus]]
+*[[Inflammation]] of [[labyrinth]]/ [[viral]] or [[bacterial]]. Temporary hearing loss, vertigo, off balance, [[tinnitus]]
 |-
-![[Acute vestibular neuritis]]
+![[Acute]] [[vestibular neuritis]]
 |
-* Inflammation of [[vestibular]] nerve caused by [[viral]] [[infection]]. Vertigo, hearing intact
+*[[Inflammation]] of [[vestibular]] nerve caused by [[viral]] [[infection]]. Vertigo, hearing intact
 |-
 ![[Herpes Zoster Oticus]]
 |
-* Ear pain, [[facial palsy]], hearing loss, [[tinnitus]] vertigo herpetic eruptions of the [[auricle]] and/or [[external auditory canal]].
+*Ear pain, [[facial palsy]], hearing loss, [[tinnitus]] vertigo herpetic eruptions of the [[auricle]] and/or [[external auditory canal]].
 |-
 ![[Cholesteatoma]]
@@ Line 43: / Line 48: @@
 |
 *Abnormal bone growth in the middle ear. Vertigo, [[tinnitus]] and, sensorineural hearing loss
 |+
 ! colspan="2" |Central Vertigo Causes<ref name="Kerber2009">{{cite journal|last1=Kerber|first1=Kevin A.|title=Vertigo and Dizziness in the Emergency Department|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|volume=27|issue=1|year=2009|pages=39–50|issn=07338627|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2008.09.002}}</ref>
@@ Line 60: / Line 66: @@
 ![[Cerebellopontine angle]] [[tumors]]
 |
-* [[meningioma]] or [[schwannoma]] in [[cerebellopontine]] angle can cause vertigo due to pressure on [[vestibular]] [[nerve]].
+*[[Meningioma]] or [[schwannoma]] in [[cerebellopontine]] angle can cause vertigo due to pressure on [[vestibular]] [[nerve]].
 |-
 ![[Lateral medullary syndrome]]
@@ Line 69: / Line 75: @@
 |
 *Extension of [[brainstem]] into [[spinal canal]]. Associated with [[numbness]]/[[tingling]] of hands and feet, [[dysphagia]], vertigo, unsteady [[gait]], hoarseness.
 |+
 ! colspan="2" |Other Causes
@@ Line 78: / Line 85: @@
 ![[Psychogenic]]
 |
 *Mood, [[anxiety]], or [[alcohol]] abuse disorders
-|}
+|}<br />
-*Life threatening causes of Vertigo:
-**[[Brainstem stroke]]
+===Less Common Causes===
-**[[Cyanide poisoning]]
-**[[Drug overdose]]
+*[[Mood disorder]]<ref name="BrantbergTrees2009">{{cite journal|last1=Brantberg|first1=Krister|last2=Trees|first2=Natalie|last3=Baloh|first3=Robert W.|title=Migraine-associated vertigo|journal=Acta Oto-Laryngologica|volume=125|issue=3|year=2009|pages=276–279|issn=0001-6489|doi=10.1080/00016480510003165}}</ref><ref name="BalabanJacob2001">{{cite journal|last1=Balaban|first1=Carey D.|last2=Jacob|first2=Rolf G.|title=Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo|journal=Journal of Anxiety Disorders|volume=15|issue=1-2|year=2001|pages=27–51|issn=08876185|doi=10.1016/S0887-6185(00)00041-4}}</ref>
-**[[Malignant hypertension]]
+*[[Anxiety]]
-**[[Cerebellar hemorrhage]]
+*[[Migraine]]
+*
+<br />
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}

Vertigo causes: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:02, 20 January 2021

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

Less Common Causes

References

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