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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP) was first described by a German poet Paul Werlhof, in 1735. He referred to classical signs of ITP as mucosal bleeding, black and purple spots on the patient's arm, due to this description, ITP is called Werlhof's disease.In 1881, an Italian pathologist, Guilio Bizzozero was the first to discover the role of platelet in hemostasis. In 1889, George Hayem proved the association between purpura and the development of thrombocytopenia by physically counting the patient's platelet. In 1916, a medical student Paul Kasnelson developed the idea of excessive destruction of platelets by [[spleen]]. Soon he persuaded his professor Schloffer to splectomize a patient with ITP, thereafter they found outstanding increase of platelet count following splenectomy. In 1951, Harrington experiment in Missouri proved the hypothesis that a humoral factor causes [[platelet]] destruction. He exchanged [[whole blood]] of himself and a patient with chronic purpura who had the same blood group. after the exchange, the patient platelet count remained unchanged but his platelet count which was normal prior to exchange dropped to 10 x 10<sup>9</sup> /L . In 1951, an American hematologist, Maxwell Wintrobe, showed [[immunosuppressive therapy]] with [[corticosteroids]]. In 1981, Paul Imbach in Switzerland, realized the role of [[Fc receptors]] on splenic [[macrophages]] led to first successful use of intravascular immunoglobulin. In 2009, International working group (IWG) recommended standard terminology for ITP. The term " purpura" was removed from immune thrombocytopenia as many patients don't have cutaneous bleeding but ITP as shorthand for immune thrombocytopenia was redefined by IWG. | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
===Discovery=== | ===Discovery=== | ||
*Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP) was first described by a German poet Paul Werlhof, in 1735. He referred to classical signs of ITP as mucosal bleeding, black and purple spots on the patient's arm, due to this description, ITP is called Werlhof's disease. | |||
*Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia was first described by a German poet Paul Werlhof, in 1735. He referred to classical signs of ITP as mucosal bleeding, black and purple spots on the patient's arm, due to this description, ITP is called Werlhof's disease | |||
*In 1881, an Italian pathologist, Guilio Bizzozero was the first to discover the role of platelet in hemostasis. | *In 1881, an Italian pathologist, Guilio Bizzozero was the first to discover the role of platelet in hemostasis. | ||
*In 1889, George Hayem proved the association between purpura and the development of thrombocytopenia by physically counting the patient's platelet. | *In 1889, George Hayem proved the association between purpura and the development of thrombocytopenia by physically counting the patient's platelet. | ||
*In [ | *In 1916, a medical student Paul Kasnelson developed the idea of excessive destruction of platelets by [[spleen]]. Soon he persuaded his professor Schloffer to splectomize a patient with ITP, thereafter they found outstanding increase of platelet count following splenectomy. | ||
*In 1951, Harrington experiment in Missouri proved the hypothesis that a humoral factor causes [[platelet]] destruction. He exchanged [[whole blood]] of himself and a patient with chronic purpura who had the same blood group. after the exchange, the patient platelet count remained unchanged but his platelet count which was normal prior to exchange dropped to 10 x 10<sup>9</sup> /L . | |||
*in 1951, an American hematologist, Maxwell Wintrobe, showed [[immunosuppressive therapy]] with [[corticosteroids]]. | |||
*In 1981, Paul Imbach in Switzerland, realized the role of [[Fc receptors]] on splenic [[macrophages]] led to first successful use of [[intravascular immunoglobulin]]. <ref name="Anoop2012">{{cite journal|last1=Anoop|first1=P.|title=Immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Historical perspective, current status, recent advances and future directions|journal=Indian Pediatrics|volume=49|issue=10|year=2012|pages=811–818|issn=0019-6061|doi=10.1007/s13312-012-0195-1}}</ref> | |||
*In 2009, International working group (IWG) recommended standard terminology for ITP. The term " purpura" was removed from immune thrombocytopenia as many patients don't have cutaneous bleeding but ITP as shorthand for immune thrombocytopenia was redefined by IWG. <ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.026">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.026 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }}</ref> | |||
===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ||
Latest revision as of 13:41, 7 September 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maryam Barkhordarian, M.D.[2]
Overview
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP) was first described by a German poet Paul Werlhof, in 1735. He referred to classical signs of ITP as mucosal bleeding, black and purple spots on the patient's arm, due to this description, ITP is called Werlhof's disease.In 1881, an Italian pathologist, Guilio Bizzozero was the first to discover the role of platelet in hemostasis. In 1889, George Hayem proved the association between purpura and the development of thrombocytopenia by physically counting the patient's platelet. In 1916, a medical student Paul Kasnelson developed the idea of excessive destruction of platelets by spleen. Soon he persuaded his professor Schloffer to splectomize a patient with ITP, thereafter they found outstanding increase of platelet count following splenectomy. In 1951, Harrington experiment in Missouri proved the hypothesis that a humoral factor causes platelet destruction. He exchanged whole blood of himself and a patient with chronic purpura who had the same blood group. after the exchange, the patient platelet count remained unchanged but his platelet count which was normal prior to exchange dropped to 10 x 109 /L . In 1951, an American hematologist, Maxwell Wintrobe, showed immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids. In 1981, Paul Imbach in Switzerland, realized the role of Fc receptors on splenic macrophages led to first successful use of intravascular immunoglobulin. In 2009, International working group (IWG) recommended standard terminology for ITP. The term " purpura" was removed from immune thrombocytopenia as many patients don't have cutaneous bleeding but ITP as shorthand for immune thrombocytopenia was redefined by IWG.
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia (ITP) was first described by a German poet Paul Werlhof, in 1735. He referred to classical signs of ITP as mucosal bleeding, black and purple spots on the patient's arm, due to this description, ITP is called Werlhof's disease.
- In 1881, an Italian pathologist, Guilio Bizzozero was the first to discover the role of platelet in hemostasis.
- In 1889, George Hayem proved the association between purpura and the development of thrombocytopenia by physically counting the patient's platelet.
- In 1916, a medical student Paul Kasnelson developed the idea of excessive destruction of platelets by spleen. Soon he persuaded his professor Schloffer to splectomize a patient with ITP, thereafter they found outstanding increase of platelet count following splenectomy.
- In 1951, Harrington experiment in Missouri proved the hypothesis that a humoral factor causes platelet destruction. He exchanged whole blood of himself and a patient with chronic purpura who had the same blood group. after the exchange, the patient platelet count remained unchanged but his platelet count which was normal prior to exchange dropped to 10 x 109 /L .
- in 1951, an American hematologist, Maxwell Wintrobe, showed immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids.
- In 1981, Paul Imbach in Switzerland, realized the role of Fc receptors on splenic macrophages led to first successful use of intravascular immunoglobulin. [1]
- In 2009, International working group (IWG) recommended standard terminology for ITP. The term " purpura" was removed from immune thrombocytopenia as many patients don't have cutaneous bleeding but ITP as shorthand for immune thrombocytopenia was redefined by IWG. [2]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
Impact on Cultural History
Famous Cases
The following are a few famous cases of [disease name]:
References
- ↑ Anoop, P. (2012). "Immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Historical perspective, current status, recent advances and future directions". Indian Pediatrics. 49 (10): 811–818. doi:10.1007/s13312-012-0195-1. ISSN 0019-6061.
- ↑ Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes" Check
|url=value (help). Biochem Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.026 Check|pmid=value (help).