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| __NOTOC__
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| {{Vertigo}}
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ZMalik}} | | {| class="wikitable" |
| | | !align="center" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF | '''Etiology''' |
| ==Overview== | | ! align="center" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF| '''Distinguishing Feature''' |
| Common physical examination findings associated with vertigo include [[nystagus]] [[hearing]] impairment , [[vision]] changes, and [[imbalance]].
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| | | | [[M. genitalium]] || urethritis and urethral inflammation |
| ==Physical Examination==
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| Physical examination of patients with vertigo is usually remarkable for [[nystagmus]], [[hearing]] impairment, [[nausea]], [[imbalance]], [[vision]] changes.
| | | [[T. vaginalis]] ||urethritis among heterosexual men |
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| ===Appearance of the Patient===
| | | [[Physiologic Tremor]] || Postural tremor - High [[frequency]] 8–10 Hz, low [[amplitude]], irregular oscillations |
| *Patients with vertigo have variable general appearance depending on the underlying [[etiology]].
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| *Unsteady [[gait]] ([[cerebellar]] involvement), sensitivity to motion/light/smell/noise (vestibular [[migraine]]) could be observed.
| | | Enhanced [[Physiologic]] Tremor ||Increased [[amplitude]] |
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| ===Vital Signs===
| | | [[Cerebellar]] Tremor || [[Intention tremor]] - Low [[frequency]] <4 Hz |
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| *High-grade / low-grade fever
| | | [[Drug]] Induced Tremor || Can enhance rest, action, postural tremors |
| *[[Hyperthermia]] could be associated with vestibular [[neuronitis]], [[herpes zoster oticus]], [[acute]] [[labyrinthitis]].
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| | | | [[Orthostatic]] Tremor || [[Essential tremor]] variant, high [[frequency]] 14 Hz-18 Hz |
| ===Skin===
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| * Skin examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
| | |Holmes tremor || Combination of rest, action, and postural tremors, [[Frequency]] 2Hz-5Hz |
| OR
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| *[[Cyanosis]]
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| *[[Jaundice]]
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| * [[Pallor]]
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| * Bruises
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| <gallery widths="150px">
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| UploadedImage-01.jpg | Description {{dermref}}
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| UploadedImage-02.jpg | Description {{dermref}}
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| </gallery>
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| ===HEENT===
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| * HEENT examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| * Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___
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| * Evidence of trauma
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| * Icteric sclera
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| * [[Nystagmus]]
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| * Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
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| *Pupils non-reactive to light / non-reactive to accommodation / non-reactive to neither light nor accommodation
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| *Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___
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| * Hearing acuity may be reduced
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| *[[Weber test]] may be abnormal (Note: A positive Weber test is considered a normal finding / A negative Weber test is considered an abnormal finding. To avoid confusion, you may write "abnormal Weber test".)
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| *[[Rinne test]] may be positive (Note: A positive Rinne test is considered a normal finding / A negative Rinne test is considered an abnormal finding. To avoid confusion, you may write "abnormal Rinne test".)
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| * [[Exudate]] from the ear canal
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| * Tenderness upon palpation of the ear pinnae/tragus (anterior to ear canal)
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| *Inflamed nares / congested nares
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| * [[Purulent]] exudate from the nares
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| * Facial tenderness
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| * Erythematous throat with/without tonsillar swelling, exudates, and/or petechiae
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| ===Neck===
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| * Neck examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| *[[Jugular venous distension]]
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| *[[Carotid bruits]] may be auscultated unilaterally/bilaterally using the bell/diaphragm of the otoscope
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| *[[Lymphadenopathy]] (describe location, size, tenderness, mobility, and symmetry)
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| *[[Thyromegaly]] / thyroid nodules
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| *[[Hepatojugular reflux]]
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| ===Lungs===
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| * Pulmonary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| * Asymmetric chest expansion OR decreased chest expansion
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| *Lungs are hyporesonant OR hyperresonant
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| *Fine/coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally
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| *Rhonchi
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| *Vesicular breath sounds OR distant breath sounds
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| *Expiratory wheezing OR inspiratory wheezing with normal OR delayed expiratory phase
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| *[[Wheezing]] may be present
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| *[[Egophony]] present/absent
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| *[[Bronchophony]] present/absent
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| *Normal/reduced [[tactile fremitus]]
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| ===Heart===
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| * Cardiovascular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| *Chest tenderness upon palpation
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| *PMI within 2 cm of the sternum (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____
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| *[[Heave]] / [[thrill]]
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| *[[Friction rub]]
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| *[[Heart sounds#First heart tone S1, the "lub"(components M1 and T1)|S1]]
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| *[[Heart sounds#Second heart tone S2 the "dub"(components A2 and P2)|S2]]
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| *[[Heart sounds#Third heart sound S3|S3]]
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| *[[Heart sounds#Fourth heart sound S4|S4]]
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| *[[Heart sounds#Summation Gallop|Gallops]]
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| *A high/low grade early/late [[systolic murmur]] / [[diastolic murmur]] best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope
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| ===Abdomen===
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| * Abdominal examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| *[[Abdominal distension]]
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| *[[Abdominal tenderness]] in the right/left upper/lower abdominal quadrant
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| *[[Rebound tenderness]] (positive Blumberg sign)
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| *A palpable abdominal mass in the right/left upper/lower abdominal quadrant
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| *Guarding may be present
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| *[[Hepatomegaly]] / [[splenomegaly]] / [[hepatosplenomegaly]]
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| *Additional findings, such as obturator test, psoas test, McBurney point test, Murphy test
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| ===Back===
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| * Back examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| *Point tenderness over __ vertebrae (e.g. L3-L4)
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| *Sacral edema
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| *Costovertebral angle tenderness bilaterally/unilaterally
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| *Buffalo hump
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| ===Genitourinary===
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| * Genitourinary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| *A pelvic/adnexal mass may be palpated
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| *Inflamed mucosa
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| *Clear/(color), foul-smelling/odorless penile/vaginal discharge
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| ===Neuromuscular===
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| * Neuromuscular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| *Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
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| * Altered mental status
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| * Glasgow coma scale is ___ / 15
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| * Clonus may be present
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| * Hyperreflexia / hyporeflexia / areflexia
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| * Positive (abnormal) Babinski / plantar reflex unilaterally/bilaterally
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| * Muscle rigidity
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| * Proximal/distal muscle weakness unilaterally/bilaterally
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| * ____ (finding) suggestive of cranial nerve ___ (roman numerical) deficit (e.g. Dilated pupils suggestive of CN III deficit)
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| *Unilateral/bilateral upper/lower extremity weakness
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| *Unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity
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| *Positive straight leg raise test
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| *Abnormal gait (describe gait: e.g. ataxic (cerebellar) gait / steppage gait / waddling gait / choeiform gait / Parkinsonian gait / sensory gait)
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| *Positive/negative Trendelenburg sign
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| *Unilateral/bilateral tremor (describe tremor, e.g. at rest, pill-rolling)
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| *Normal finger-to-nose test / Dysmetria
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| *Absent/present dysdiadochokinesia (palm tapping test)
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| ===Extremities===
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| * Extremities examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
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| OR
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| *[[Clubbing]]
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| *[[Cyanosis]]
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| *Pitting/non-pitting [[edema]] of the upper/lower extremities
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| *Muscle atrophy
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| *Fasciculations in the upper/lower extremity
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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| [[Category: (name of the system)]]
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