Metabolic alkalosis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Metabolic Alkalosis include ABG (Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45, Serum Bicarbonate level is elevate more than 26 mole Equilibrium/Liter, Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate), high or low Serum aldosterone/Serum renin, and Urine analysis with Urine pH and high or low Urine chloride and sodium. | [[Laboratory findings template|Laboratory findings]] consistent with the diagnosis of [[Metabolic alkalosis|Metabolic Alkalosis]] include [[Arterial blood gas|ABG]] (Blood [[pH]] is elevated more than 7.45, Serum [[Bicarbonate]] level is elevate more than 26 mole [[Equilibrium]]/[[Liter]], Partial pressure of [[Carbon dioxide|CO2]] reduces to combat elevated [[bicarbonate]]), high or low Serum [[aldosterone]]/Serum [[renin]], and [[Urine analysis]] with Urine pH and high or low Urine [[chloride]] and [[sodium]]. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
*Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Metabolic Alkalosis | *[[Laboratory findings template|Laboratory findings]] consistent with the diagnosis of Metabolic Alkalosis | ||
**ABG (Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45, Serum Bicarbonate level is elevate more than 26 mole Equilibrium/Liter, Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate) | **ABG (Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45, Serum [[Bicarbonate]] level is elevate more than 26 mole [[Equilibrium]]/[[Liter]], Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate) | ||
**Basic metabolic panel showing electrolytes imbalance. | **[[Basic metabolic panel]] showing electrolytes imbalance. | ||
**Serum | **Serum [[Renin|reni]]<nowiki/>n and [[aldosterone]]: | ||
*** | ***Elevated [[Renin|Reni]]<nowiki/>n, Elevated [[aldosterone]]:• [[Hypertensive emergency]] or urgency or Malignant HTN • Renal HTN • [[Renin secretin tumor]] | ||
*** | ***Reduced [[Renin]], Elevated [[aldosterone]]:• Aldosterone producing cancer • CAH • Hyperaldosteronism treated with glucocorticoids | ||
*** | ***Reduced Renin, Reduced [[Aldosterone]]:• [[Liddle's syndrome|Liddle's]] syndrome • Congenital Enzyme deficiency • Consumption of Licorice | ||
**Urine analysis with Urine pH and Urine chloride and sodium: low urine | **Urine analysis with Urine pH and Urine [[chloride]] and [[sodium]]: low urine [[chloride]](• GI loss: [[Emesis]], Nasogastric tube suction • Lower [[Gastrointestinal tract|Gastrointestinal]] etiology: [[Villous adenoma]], chloridorrhea, excessive purgative use), high urine Cl (• Penicillin • Dysfunctional tubular transport: [[Loop Diuretics]] and [[Thiazide diuretic|thiazide d]]<nowiki/>iuretics, [[Bartter's Syndrome|Bartter's]] and [[Gitelman syndrome|Gitelman's disease]], [[Hypomagnesaemia]]) | ||
*Some patients with Metabolic alkalosis may have severely reduced GFR with azotemia, which is usually suggestive of renal failure. | *Some patients with [[Metabolic alkalosis]] may have severely reduced [[Glomerular filtration rate|GFR]] with [[azotemia]], which is usually suggestive of [[renal failure]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 06:55, 23 March 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Marufa Marium, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Metabolic Alkalosis include ABG (Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45, Serum Bicarbonate level is elevate more than 26 mole Equilibrium/Liter, Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate), high or low Serum aldosterone/Serum renin, and Urine analysis with Urine pH and high or low Urine chloride and sodium.
Laboratory Findings
- Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Metabolic Alkalosis
- ABG (Blood pH is elevated more than 7.45, Serum Bicarbonate level is elevate more than 26 mole Equilibrium/Liter, Partial pressure of CO2 reduces to combat elevated bicarbonate)
- Basic metabolic panel showing electrolytes imbalance.
- Serum renin and aldosterone:
- Elevated Renin, Elevated aldosterone:• Hypertensive emergency or urgency or Malignant HTN • Renal HTN • Renin secretin tumor
- Reduced Renin, Elevated aldosterone:• Aldosterone producing cancer • CAH • Hyperaldosteronism treated with glucocorticoids
- Reduced Renin, Reduced Aldosterone:• Liddle's syndrome • Congenital Enzyme deficiency • Consumption of Licorice
- Urine analysis with Urine pH and Urine chloride and sodium: low urine chloride(• GI loss: Emesis, Nasogastric tube suction • Lower Gastrointestinal etiology: Villous adenoma, chloridorrhea, excessive purgative use), high urine Cl (• Penicillin • Dysfunctional tubular transport: Loop Diuretics and thiazide diuretics, Bartter's and Gitelman's disease, Hypomagnesaemia)
- Some patients with Metabolic alkalosis may have severely reduced GFR with azotemia, which is usually suggestive of renal failure.