Anaphylaxis historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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===Discovery=== | ===Discovery=== | ||
Anaphylaxis was first discovered by Charles Richet and Paul Portier, who were French physiologists in 1913. <ref name="pmid20519878">{{cite journal| author=Ring J, Behrendt H, de Weck A| title=History and classification of anaphylaxis. | journal=Chem Immunol Allergy | year= 2010 | volume= 95 | issue= | pages= 1-11 | pmid=20519878 | doi=10.1159/000315934 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi? | [[Anaphylaxis]] was first discovered by [[Charles Richet]] and Paul Portier, who were French [[Physiology|physiologists]] in 1913. <ref name="pmid20519878">{{cite journal| author=Ring J, Behrendt H, de Weck A| title=History and classification of anaphylaxis. | journal=Chem Immunol Allergy | year= 2010 | volume= 95 | issue= | pages= 1-11 | pmid=20519878 | doi=10.1159/000315934 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi? }} </ref> During their study of [[Physalia]], Portugese man- o -war [[toxin]], they began a series of experiments on a dog. They injected the [[toxin]] in the dog and repeated this days later. <ref name="pmid20428737">{{cite journal| author=Tan SY, Yamanuha J| title=Charles Robert Richet (1850-1935): discoverer of anaphylaxis. | journal=Singapore Med J | year= 2010 | volume= 51 | issue= 3 | pages= 184-5 | pmid=20428737 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20428737 }} </ref> | ||
They found an exaggerated [[immune]] response resulting in the dog experiencing collapse of the [[airway]], [[breathing]], and [[Circulatory system|circulatory]] systems. <ref name="pmid20519878">{{cite journal| author=Ring J, Behrendt H, de Weck A| title=History and classification of anaphylaxis. | journal=Chem Immunol Allergy | year= 2010 | volume= 95 | issue= | pages= 1-11 | pmid=20519878 | doi=10.1159/000315934 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20519878 }} </ref> They named it [[anaphylaxis]] as they felt the phenomenon was the opposite of protection, or [[prophylaxis]]. <ref name="pmid14989211">{{cite journal| author=Richet G| title=[The discovery of anaphylaxis, a brief but triumphant encounter of two physiologists (1902)]. | journal=Hist Sci Med | year= 2003 | volume= 37 | issue= 4 | pages= 463-9 | pmid=14989211 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14989211 }} </ref> Richet was awarded a [[Noble Prize]] for his work in 1913. <ref name="pmid1669573">{{cite journal| author=Mazana J, Ariño MR| title=Charles Robert Richet and some milestones in the history of allergies. | journal=J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol | year= 1991 | volume= 1 | issue= 2 | pages= 93-100 | pmid=1669573 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1669573 }} </ref> | |||
During their study of Physalia | |||
<ref name="pmid20428737">{{cite journal| author=Tan SY, Yamanuha J| title=Charles Robert Richet (1850-1935): discoverer of anaphylaxis. | journal=Singapore Med J | year= 2010 | volume= 51 | issue= 3 | pages= 184-5 | pmid=20428737 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20428737 }} </ref> | |||
They found an exaggerated immune response resulting in the dog experiencing collapse of the airway, breathing, and circulatory systems. <ref name="pmid20519878">{{cite journal| author=Ring J, Behrendt H, de Weck A| title=History and classification of anaphylaxis. | journal=Chem Immunol Allergy | year= 2010 | volume= 95 | issue= | pages= 1-11 | pmid=20519878 | doi=10.1159/000315934 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20519878 }} </ref> They named it anaphylaxis as they felt the phenomenon was the opposite of protection or prophylaxis. <ref name="pmid14989211">{{cite journal| author=Richet G| title=[The discovery of anaphylaxis, a brief but triumphant encounter of two physiologists (1902)]. | journal=Hist Sci Med | year= 2003 | volume= 37 | issue= 4 | pages= 463-9 | pmid=14989211 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14989211 }} </ref> Richet was awarded a Noble Prize for his work in 1913. <ref name="pmid1669573">{{cite journal| author=Mazana J, Ariño MR| title=Charles Robert Richet and some milestones in the history of allergies. | journal=J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol | year= 1991 | volume= 1 | issue= 2 | pages= 93-100 | pmid=1669573 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1669573 }} </ref> | |||
===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ||
In the year 1937, Daniel Bovet discovered antihistamines, and cortisone was introduced in the year 1949. <ref name="pmid28800865">{{cite journal| author=LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, Krishnaswamy G| title=Anaphylaxis. | journal=Chest | year= 2018 | volume= 153 | issue= 2 | pages= 528-543 | pmid=28800865 | doi=10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.033 | pmc=6026262 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28800865 }} </ref> | In the year 1937, [[Daniel Bovet]] discovered [[antihistamines]], and [[cortisone]] was introduced in the year 1949. <ref name="pmid28800865">{{cite journal| author=LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, Krishnaswamy G| title=Anaphylaxis. | journal=Chest | year= 2018 | volume= 153 | issue= 2 | pages= 528-543 | pmid=28800865 | doi=10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.033 | pmc=6026262 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28800865 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 22:51, 8 April 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dushka Riaz, MD
Overview
The term comes from the Greek words ana (against) and phylaxis (protection).
Discovery
Anaphylaxis was first discovered by Charles Richet and Paul Portier, who were French physiologists in 1913. [1] During their study of Physalia, Portugese man- o -war toxin, they began a series of experiments on a dog. They injected the toxin in the dog and repeated this days later. [2] They found an exaggerated immune response resulting in the dog experiencing collapse of the airway, breathing, and circulatory systems. [1] They named it anaphylaxis as they felt the phenomenon was the opposite of protection, or prophylaxis. [3] Richet was awarded a Noble Prize for his work in 1913. [4]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
In the year 1937, Daniel Bovet discovered antihistamines, and cortisone was introduced in the year 1949. [5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ring J, Behrendt H, de Weck A (2010). "History and classification of anaphylaxis". Chem Immunol Allergy. 95: 1–11. doi:10.1159/000315934. PMID 20519878.
- ↑ Tan SY, Yamanuha J (2010). "Charles Robert Richet (1850-1935): discoverer of anaphylaxis". Singapore Med J. 51 (3): 184–5. PMID 20428737.
- ↑ Richet G (2003). "[The discovery of anaphylaxis, a brief but triumphant encounter of two physiologists (1902)]". Hist Sci Med. 37 (4): 463–9. PMID 14989211.
- ↑ Mazana J, Ariño MR (1991). "Charles Robert Richet and some milestones in the history of allergies". J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1 (2): 93–100. PMID 1669573.
- ↑ LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, Krishnaswamy G (2018). "Anaphylaxis". Chest. 153 (2): 528–543. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.033. PMC 6026262. PMID 28800865.