Diabetic papillopathy: Difference between revisions
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== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Diabetic papillopathy (DP) is rare disease to the optic nerve head or optic disc which can be seen in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. DP is known also as diabetic papillitis and it was first discovered in type 1 diabetic patients in 1971.<ref name="pmid5554869">{{cite journal| author=Lubow M, Makley TA| title=Pseudopapilledema of juvenile diabetes mellitus. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1971 | volume= 85 | issue= 4 | pages= 417-22 | pmid=5554869 | doi=10.1001/archopht.1971.00990050419004 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5554869 }} </ref> Patients present with fluid buildup or swelling of the optic disc. Most of the time DP is unilateral and the symptoms are blurred vision, and mild vision loss.<ref name="pmid3658362">{{cite journal| author=Beri M, Klugman MR, Kohler JA, Hayreh SS| title=Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. VII. Incidence of bilaterality and various influencing factors. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 1987 | volume= 94 | issue= 8 | pages= 1020-8 | pmid=3658362 | doi=10.1016/s0161-6420(87)33350-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3658362 }} </ref> | Diabetic papillopathy (DP) is rare disease to the optic nerve head or optic disc which can be seen in patients with [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1]] and [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2]] diabetes. DP is known also as diabetic papillitis and it was first discovered in [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|type 1]] diabetic patients in 1971.<ref name="pmid5554869">{{cite journal| author=Lubow M, Makley TA| title=Pseudopapilledema of juvenile diabetes mellitus. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 1971 | volume= 85 | issue= 4 | pages= 417-22 | pmid=5554869 | doi=10.1001/archopht.1971.00990050419004 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5554869 }} </ref> Patients present with fluid buildup or swelling of the optic disc. Most of the time DP is unilateral and the symptoms are blurred vision, and mild vision loss.<ref name="pmid3658362">{{cite journal| author=Beri M, Klugman MR, Kohler JA, Hayreh SS| title=Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. VII. Incidence of bilaterality and various influencing factors. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 1987 | volume= 94 | issue= 8 | pages= 1020-8 | pmid=3658362 | doi=10.1016/s0161-6420(87)33350-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3658362 }} </ref> | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The main causes of | The main causes of diabetic papillopathy are: | ||
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes<ref name="pmid12476102">{{cite journal| author=Bayraktar Z, Alacali N, Bayraktar S| title=Diabetic papillopathy in type II diabetic patients. | journal=Retina | year= 2002 | volume= 22 | issue= 6 | pages= 752-8 | pmid=12476102 | doi=10.1097/00006982-200212000-00011 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12476102 }} </ref> | * [[Diabetes mellitus type 1|Type 1]] and [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2]] diabetes<ref name="pmid12476102">{{cite journal| author=Bayraktar Z, Alacali N, Bayraktar S| title=Diabetic papillopathy in type II diabetic patients. | journal=Retina | year= 2002 | volume= 22 | issue= 6 | pages= 752-8 | pmid=12476102 | doi=10.1097/00006982-200212000-00011 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12476102 }} </ref> | ||
Rapid changes in blood sugar levels either up or down | * Rapid changes in blood sugar levels either up or down<ref name="pmid33353425">{{cite journal| author=Mafrici M, Toscani L, Lorenzi U| title=Bilateral diabetic papillopathy developed after starting insulin treatment. Potential toxic effect of insulin? A case report. | journal=Eur J Ophthalmol | year= 2020 | volume= | issue= | pages= 1120672120984383 | pmid=33353425 | doi=10.1177/1120672120984383 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=33353425 }} </ref> | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
In most cases diabetic papillopathy resolves on its own within a few months with no permanent vision loss. It’s important to keep treating diabetes to prevent future complications. | In most cases diabetic papillopathy resolves on its own within a few months with no permanent vision loss. It’s important to keep treating diabetes to prevent future complications.<ref name="pmid3658362">{{cite journal| author=Beri M, Klugman MR, Kohler JA, Hayreh SS| title=Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. VII. Incidence of bilaterality and various influencing factors. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 1987 | volume= 94 | issue= 8 | pages= 1020-8 | pmid=3658362 | doi=10.1016/s0161-6420(87)33350-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3658362 }} </ref> | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Currently there are no specific treatments for diabetic papillopathy. The main goal is to manage diabetes. There are few studies that showed some improvements with periocular steroid injection but more studies are required. | Currently there are no specific treatments for diabetic papillopathy. The main goal is to manage diabetes. There are few studies that showed some improvements with periocular steroid injection but more studies are required.<ref name="pmid15094720">{{cite journal| author=Mansour AM, El-Dairi MA, Shehab MA, Shahin HK, Shaaban JA, Antonios SR| title=Periocular corticosteroids in diabetic papillopathy. | journal=Eye (Lond) | year= 2005 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 45-51 | pmid=15094720 | doi=10.1038/sj.eye.6701418 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15094720 }} </ref> | ||
== Related chapters == | == Related chapters == | ||
Latest revision as of 06:52, 4 January 2024
Overview
Diabetic papillopathy (DP) is rare disease to the optic nerve head or optic disc which can be seen in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. DP is known also as diabetic papillitis and it was first discovered in type 1 diabetic patients in 1971.[1] Patients present with fluid buildup or swelling of the optic disc. Most of the time DP is unilateral and the symptoms are blurred vision, and mild vision loss.[2]
Causes
The main causes of diabetic papillopathy are:
- Rapid changes in blood sugar levels either up or down[4]
Prognosis
In most cases diabetic papillopathy resolves on its own within a few months with no permanent vision loss. It’s important to keep treating diabetes to prevent future complications.[2]
Treatment
Currently there are no specific treatments for diabetic papillopathy. The main goal is to manage diabetes. There are few studies that showed some improvements with periocular steroid injection but more studies are required.[5]
Related chapters
References
- ↑ Lubow M, Makley TA (1971). "Pseudopapilledema of juvenile diabetes mellitus". Arch Ophthalmol. 85 (4): 417–22. doi:10.1001/archopht.1971.00990050419004. PMID 5554869.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Beri M, Klugman MR, Kohler JA, Hayreh SS (1987). "Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. VII. Incidence of bilaterality and various influencing factors". Ophthalmology. 94 (8): 1020–8. doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(87)33350-0. PMID 3658362.
- ↑ Bayraktar Z, Alacali N, Bayraktar S (2002). "Diabetic papillopathy in type II diabetic patients". Retina. 22 (6): 752–8. doi:10.1097/00006982-200212000-00011. PMID 12476102.
- ↑ Mafrici M, Toscani L, Lorenzi U (2020). "Bilateral diabetic papillopathy developed after starting insulin treatment. Potential toxic effect of insulin? A case report". Eur J Ophthalmol: 1120672120984383. doi:10.1177/1120672120984383. PMID 33353425 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Mansour AM, El-Dairi MA, Shehab MA, Shahin HK, Shaaban JA, Antonios SR (2005). "Periocular corticosteroids in diabetic papillopathy". Eye (Lond). 19 (1): 45–51. doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6701418. PMID 15094720.