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{{Infobox_Disease |
__NOTOC__
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Image          = Subcutaneous emphysema chest cropped.jpg|
  Caption        = A CT scan showing air in the mediastinum|
  DiseasesDB    = 29460 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|J|98|2|j|95}}, {{ICD10|P|25|2|p|20}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|518.1}}, {{ICD9|770.2}} |
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = 000084 |
  eMedicineSubj  = ped |
  eMedicineTopic = 1832 |
  eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|emerg|469}} |
  MeshID        = D008478 |
}}


'''For patient information, click [[Pneumomediastinum (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Infobox_Disease |
{{Infobox_Disease |
   Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
   Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
   Image          = Pneumomediastinum-003.jpg|
   Image          = Pneumomediastinum-003.jpg|
   Caption        = Pneumomediastinum: Spinnaker sail sign. <br> (Image courtesy of RadsWiki) |
   Caption        = Pneumomediastinum: Spinnaker sail sign. <br> (Image courtesy of RadsWiki)|
  DiseasesDB    = |
  ICD10          = |
  ICD9          = |
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  MeshID        = |
}}
}}
{{Search infobox}}
{{Pneumomediastinum}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Trusha}}, {{CZ}}
 
{{Editor Help}}
 
'''Pneumomediastinum''' (or mediastinal emphysema, from Greek pneuma - "air") is a condition in which air is present in the mediastinum. First described in 1819. Pneumomediastinum is uncommon, it occurs when air leaks from any part of the lung or airways into the mediastinum and is often recognized by a "crunching" sound (Hamman's crunch).
 
==== Chest X Ray ====
 
Images shown below are courtesy of RadsWiki and copylefted
 
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="150" widths="150">
Image:Pneumomediastinum-003.jpg|Pneumomediastinum: Spinnaker sail sign
</gallery>
</div>
 
====CT ====
Images shown below are courtesy of RadsWiki and copylefted
 
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="125">
Image:Pneumomediastinum-001.jpg|Pneumomediastinum
Image:Pneumomediastinum-002.jpg|Pneumomediastinum
Image:Pneumomediastinum-101.jpg|Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax
Image:Pneumomediastinum-102.jpg|Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax
</gallery>
</div>


== References ==
{{SK}} Mediastinal emphysema, Hamman's syndrome, Mecklin's syndrome
{{reflist|2}}


== Acknowledgements ==
==[[Pneumomediastinum overview|Overview]]==
The content on this page was first contributed by: [[C. Michael Gibson]] M.S., M.D.
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List of contributors:


== Suggested Reading and Key General References ==


== Suggested Links and Web Resources ==
==[[Pneumomediastinum historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


== For Patients ==
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{{Respiratory pathology}}
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{{WikiDoc Sources}}


==[[Pneumomediastinum classification|Classification]]==
==[[Pneumomediastinum pathophysiology |Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Pneumomediastinum causes|Causes]]==
==[[Pneumomediastinum differential diagnosis|Differentiating Pneumomediastinum from other Diseases]]==
==[[Pneumomediastinum epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
==[[Pneumomediastinum risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Pneumomediastinum screening|Screening]]==
==[[Pneumomediastinum natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
==Diagnosis==
[[Pneumomediastinum diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Pneumomediastinum history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Pneumomediastinum physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Pneumomediastinum laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Pneumomediastinum  electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Pneumomediastinum chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] |  [[Pneumomediastinum CT|CT]] |  [[Pneumomediastinum MRI|MRI]] | [[Pneumomediastinum echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Pneumomediastinum other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Pneumomediastinum other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


==Treatment==
[[Pneumomediastinum medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pneumomediastinum surgery|Surgery]] | [[Pneumomediastinum primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Pneumomediastinum secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]]
==Case Studies==
:[[Pneumomediastinum case study one|Case #1]]<br />
[[pt:Predefinição:Patologias respiratórias]]
[[pt:Predefinição:Patologias respiratórias]]


[[Category:Medical navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:DiseaseState]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:ICU Medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 14:55, 31 December 2018


For patient information, click here

Pneumomediastinum
Pneumomediastinum: Spinnaker sail sign.
(Image courtesy of RadsWiki)

Pneumomediastinum Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pneumomediastinum from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Case Studies

Case #1

Pneumomediastinum On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Pneumomediastinum

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Pneumomediastinum

CDC on Pneumomediastinum

Pneumomediastinum in the news

Blogs on Pneumomediastinum

Directions to Hospitals Treating Pneumomediastinum

Risk calculators and risk factors for Pneumomediastinum

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2], Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Mediastinal emphysema, Hamman's syndrome, Mecklin's syndrome

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pneumomediastinum from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention

Case Studies

Case #1

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