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VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 15:48, 20 September 2012

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: TRS; vanishing testes syndrome; vanishing testes; empty scrotum; testicular regression syndrome

Overview

Anorchia, is a medical condition where both testes are absent at birth. Individuals with this condition have a 46,XY chromosome constellation.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

Within a few weeks of fertilization, the embryo develops rudimentary sex organs, which are crucial to the development of the reproductive system. In the human male, if these fail to develop within eight weeks, the baby will have female genitalia (see Swyer syndrome). If the testes are lost between eight and 10 weeks, the baby will have ambiguous genitalia when it's born. However, if the testes are lost after 14 weeks, the baby will have a normal male reproductive system, other than the absence of testes.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

Lack of secondary sex characteristics

Genitals

Empty scrotum

Laboratory Findings

Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies

Tests and findings include:

Low testosterone levels
Elevated follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels
X,Y karyotype
Low anti-Mullerian hormone levels

MRI

Imaging showing absent gonadal tissue

Ultrasound

Imaging showing absent gonadal tissue

Other Imaging Findings

Low bone density

Other Diagnostic Studies

Surgical exploration for evidence of male gonadal tissue

Treatment

Treatment includes psychological support.

Pharmacotherapy

Treatment includes androgen (male hormone) supplementation.

Surgery and Deviced Based Therapy

Treatment includes testicular prosthetic implantation.

de:Anorchie

Template:WikiDoc Sources

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{CMG}}
-{{EH}}
+{{SK}} TRS; vanishing testes syndrome; vanishing testes; empty scrotum; testicular regression syndrome
-== Overview ==
+==Overview ==
+'''Anorchia''', is a medical condition where both [[testes]] are absent at [[childbirth|birth]].  Individuals with this condition have a 46,XY chromosome constellation.
-'''Anorchia''', is a medical condition where both [[testes]] are absent at [[childbirth|birth]]. Within a few weeks of [[fertilization]], the [[embryo]] develops rudimentary [[sex organs]], which are crucial to the development of the [[reproductive system]]. In the human male, if these fail to develop within eight weeks, the baby will have [[female]] genitalia (see [[Swyer syndrome]]). If the testes are lost between eight and 10 weeks, the baby will have [[ambiguous genitalia]] when it's born. However, if the testes are lost after 14 weeks, the baby will have a normal male [[reproductive system]], other than the absence of testes.
+==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis==
+===Natural History===
+Within a few weeks of [[fertilization]], the [[embryo]] develops rudimentary [[sex organs]], which are crucial to the development of the [[reproductive system]]. In the human male, if these fail to develop within eight weeks, the baby will have [[female]] genitalia (see [[Swyer syndrome]]). If the testes are lost between eight and 10 weeks, the baby will have [[ambiguous genitalia]] when it's born. However, if the testes are lost after 14 weeks, the baby will have a normal male [[reproductive system]], other than the absence of testes.
-Individuals with this condition have a 46,XY chromosome constellation.
+==Physical Examination==
+===Appearance of the Patient===
+* Lack of [[secondary sex characteristics]]
+===Genitals===
+* Empty [[scrotum]]
+==Laboratory Findings==
+===Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies===
+[[Medical test|Tests]] and findings include:
+* Low [[testosterone]] levels
+* Elevated [[follicle stimulating hormone]] and [[luteinizing hormone]] levels
+* X,Y [[karyotype]]
+* Low [[anti-Mullerian hormone]] levels
+===MRI===
+* Imaging showing absent gonadal tissue
+===Ultrasound===
+* Imaging showing absent gonadal tissue
+===Other Imaging Findings===
+* Low [[bone density]]
+==Other Diagnostic Studies==
+* Surgical exploration for evidence of male gonadal tissue
+==Treatment==
+Treatment includes psychological support.
+===Pharmacotherapy===
+Treatment includes [[androgen]] (male hormone) supplementation.
+===Surgery and Deviced Based Therapy===
+Treatment includes testicular prosthetic implantation.
-Signs include an empty [[scrotum]] and lack of [[secondary sex characteristics]].
-[[Medical test|Tests]] include [[testosterone]] levels (low); [[follicle stimulating hormone]] and [[luteinizing hormone]] levels (elevated); X,Y karyotype; [[ultrasound]] or [[magnetic resonance imaging]] showing absent gonadal tissue; [[bone density]] (low); anti-Mullerian hormone levels (low); surgical exploration for evidence of male gonadal tissue.
-Treatment includes [[androgen]] (male hormone) supplementation, testicular prosthetic implantation, and psychological support.
-Other names for anorchia include
-*''congenital anorchia''
-*''vanishing testes syndrome''
-*''vanishing testes''
-*''empty scrotum''
-*''testicular regression syndrome (TRS)''
-{{SIB}}
 [[de:Anorchie]]
-[[Category:DiseaseState]]
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}
+[[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Endocrinology]]
 [[Category:Genetic Disease]]
-{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
-{{WikiDoc Sources}}