Calyceal diverticulum: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | {{SI}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} [[User:zorkun|Cafer Zorkun]] M.D., PhD. | ||
'''Synonyms and Related Keywords:''' Pyelocalyceal diverticulum | |||
'''Synonyms and Related Keywords:''' | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Calyceal diverticulum''' is a relatively uncommon cyst-like lesion, often discovered incidentally during ultrasound examination of the kidneys. Calyceal diverticulum is a urine-containing cavity within the renal parenchyma, communicating with the collecting system through a narrow channel. | '''Calyceal diverticulum''' is a relatively uncommon cyst-like lesion, often discovered incidentally during ultrasound examination of the kidneys. Calyceal diverticulum is a urine-containing cavity within the renal parenchyma, communicating with the collecting system through a narrow channel. <ref>Rathaus, V, Konen, O, Werner, M, Shapiro Feinberg, M, Grunebaum, M, Zissin, R. Pyelocalyceal diverticulum: the imaging spectrum with emphasis on the ultrasound features. Br J Radiol 2001 74: 595-601. </ref> | ||
== | ==Classification== | ||
*Two types are identified: | *Two types are identified: | ||
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*Calyceal diverticulua may rarely cause urinary tract infection, renal colic, pyuria, hematuria or hypertension. | *Calyceal diverticulua may rarely cause urinary tract infection, renal colic, pyuria, hematuria or hypertension. | ||
*Mobile calculi and milk of calcium are characteristic findings in calyceal diverticulum. | *Mobile calculi and milk of calcium are characteristic findings in calyceal diverticulum. | ||
==Diagnosis== | |||
===Ultrasound=== | |||
* Ultrasound examination suggests the diagnosis of calyceal diverticulum and it has a variable appearance. | |||
* The diverticulum may appear as a cyst-like lesion, indistinguishable from a simple cyst. | |||
* Recognition of mobile echogenic material within such a cyst-like structure is considered characteristic of milk of calcium. A cyst-like mass with milk of calcium is presumed to be a calyceal diverticulum. | |||
===CT=== | |||
* CT has an important role in the presence of a complicated cystic mass diagnosed by ultrasound without the characteristic features of calyceal diverticulum. | |||
* The demonstration of the layering of contrast medium on delayed images is pathognomonic of these lesions. | |||
* The patency of the diverticulum is demonstrated by the gradual opacification on delayed images. | |||
[http://www.radswiki.net Images courtesy of RadsWiki] | |||
<gallery> | |||
Image:Renal-calyceal-diverticulum-001.jpg|CT: Calyceal diverticulum | |||
Image:Renal-calyceal-diverticulum-002.jpg|CT: Calyceal diverticulum | |||
</gallery> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
==External Links== | |||
*[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query=Calyceal%20diverticulum Goldminer: Calyceal diverticulum] | |||
{{Congenital malformations of genital organs and urinary system}} | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Nephrology]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:55, 28 September 2012
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun M.D., PhD.
Synonyms and Related Keywords: Pyelocalyceal diverticulum
Overview
Calyceal diverticulum is a relatively uncommon cyst-like lesion, often discovered incidentally during ultrasound examination of the kidneys. Calyceal diverticulum is a urine-containing cavity within the renal parenchyma, communicating with the collecting system through a narrow channel. [1]
Classification
- Two types are identified:
- One is related to a minor calyx and usually located in the upper pole
- Other is connected with the pelvis or a major calyx in the central portion of the kidney.
- The majority of calyceal diverticulum are small and asymptomatic, and do not require any treatment.
- Calyceal diverticulua may rarely cause urinary tract infection, renal colic, pyuria, hematuria or hypertension.
- Mobile calculi and milk of calcium are characteristic findings in calyceal diverticulum.
Diagnosis
Ultrasound
- Ultrasound examination suggests the diagnosis of calyceal diverticulum and it has a variable appearance.
- The diverticulum may appear as a cyst-like lesion, indistinguishable from a simple cyst.
- Recognition of mobile echogenic material within such a cyst-like structure is considered characteristic of milk of calcium. A cyst-like mass with milk of calcium is presumed to be a calyceal diverticulum.
CT
- CT has an important role in the presence of a complicated cystic mass diagnosed by ultrasound without the characteristic features of calyceal diverticulum.
- The demonstration of the layering of contrast medium on delayed images is pathognomonic of these lesions.
- The patency of the diverticulum is demonstrated by the gradual opacification on delayed images.
-
CT: Calyceal diverticulum
-
CT: Calyceal diverticulum
References
- ↑ Rathaus, V, Konen, O, Werner, M, Shapiro Feinberg, M, Grunebaum, M, Zissin, R. Pyelocalyceal diverticulum: the imaging spectrum with emphasis on the ultrasound features. Br J Radiol 2001 74: 595-601.