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{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
__NOTOC__
  Name          = Pleomorphic adenoma |
{{Pleomorphic adenoma}}
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|D|11||d|10}} |
'''For patient information, click [[Pleomorphic adenoma (patient information)|here]]'''
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|210.2}} |
  ICDO          = 8940/0 |
  Image          = |
  Caption        = |
  OMIM          = 181030 |
  OMIM_mult      = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = radio |
  eMedicineTopic = 531 |
  DiseasesDB    = |
}}
{{SI}}
{{EH}}


==Overview==
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{M.N}}
'''[[Pleomorphic]] [[adenoma]]''' is a benign neoplastic tumour of the s[[alivary gland]]s. It is the most common type of salivary gland tumour and the most common tumour of the [[parotid gland]]. It derives its name from the architectural pleomorphism (variable appearance) seen by light microscopy. It is also known as "Mixed tumor, [[salivary gland]] type", which describes its pleomorphic appearance as opposed to its dual origin from epithelial and myoepithelial elements.


==Clinical Presentation==
{{SK}}
The tumour is usually solitary and presents as a slow growing, painless, firm single nodular mass. Isolated nodules are generally outgrowths of the main nodule rather than a multinodular presentation. It is usually mobile unless found in the palate and can cause atrophy of the mandibular ramus when located in the parotid gland. When found in the parotid tail, it may present as an eversion of the ear lobe. Though it is a benign tumour, pleomorphic adenomas have the capacity to grow to large proportions.


==Histology==
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma overview|Overview]]==


[[Image:Pleomorphic adenoma (1) parotid gland.jpg|thumb|120px|left|Pleomorphic adenoma consists of mixed epithelial (left) and mesenchymal cell components (right). The latter often exhibits myxofibrous appearance and in some instances shows chondromatous differention.]]
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
Histologically, it is highly variable in appearance, even within individual tumours. It is characterized by an admixture of [[epithelial]] and [[myoepithelial]] elements in a variable background stroma that may be mucoid, myxoid, cartilaginous or hyaline. Epithelial elements may be arranged in duct-like structures, sheets, clumps and/or interlacing strands and consist of polygonal, spindle or stellate-shaped cells (hence pleomorphism). Areas of squamous metaplasia and epithelial pearls may be present. The tumour is usually enveloped by a fibrous capsule of varying thickness and often incomplete. The tumour often extends through these discontinuities but is not a sign of malignant transformation as it does not invade surrounding tissues.


==Treatment==
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma classification|Classification]]==
Treatment is by surgical excision with a margin of normal healthy tissue. Recurrences are rare unless treated too conservatively i.e. enucleation can lead to spillage and seeding of tumour cells.
 
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
 
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma causes|Causes]]==
 
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma differential diagnosis|Differentiating Pleomorphic Adenoma from other Diseases]]==


==See also==
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
* [[Warthin's tumor]] - monomorphic adenoma


==External links==
==[[Xyz risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
* {{GPnotebook|-1804926964}}
* [http://brighamrad.harvard.edu/Cases/bwh/hcache/75/full.html Harvard]


{{SIB}}
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma screening|Screening]]==
{{Soft tissue tumors and sarcomas}}


[[Category:Oral pathology]]
==[[Pleomorphic adenoma natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
[[Category:Oncology]]


[[pl:Gruczolak wielopostaciowy]]
==Diagnosis==
[[Pleomorphic adenoma diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic study of choice]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma x ray|X-Ray Findings]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma echocardiography and ultrasound|Echocardiography and Ultrasound]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma CT scan|CT-Scan Findings]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma MRI|MRI Findings]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


==Treatment==
[[Pleomorphic adenoma medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma surgery|Surgery]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Pleomorphic adenoma future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
==Case Studies==
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Pleomorphic adenoma case study one|Case #1]]

Latest revision as of 14:46, 12 February 2019

Pleomorphic adenoma Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pleomorphic adenoma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

CT scan

MRI

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

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Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maneesha Nandimandalam, M.B.B.S.[2]

Synonyms and keywords:

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pleomorphic Adenoma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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