Percussion: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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There are four different percussion sounds: | There are four different percussion sounds: | ||
* | * Sonorous | ||
* | * Hypersonorous | ||
* | * Relatively dull sound | ||
* | * Completely dull sound | ||
The presence of a solid mass underneath the surface will produce a dull sound. Hollow, air-containing structures will lead to a more sonore sound. | The presence of a solid mass underneath the surface will produce a dull sound. Hollow, air-containing structures will lead to a more sonore sound. | ||
== Percussion of the thorax == | == Percussion of the thorax == | ||
It is used to diagnose [[pneumothorax]], [[emphysema]] and other [[disease]]s. It can be used to access the respiratory mobility of the thorax. | |||
=== Differential Diagnosis of Abnormalities in Percussion of the Lung=== | |||
In alphabetical order: <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref> | |||
==== Dullness ==== | |||
*Foreign body | |||
*[[Lobar pneumonia]] | |||
*[[Lung abscess]] | |||
*Lung tumor | |||
*[[Pleural Effusion]] | |||
*Pleural tumor | |||
*[[Pulmonary edema]] | |||
*Pulmonary infarction | |||
*[[Tuberculosis]] infiltrate | |||
*[[Tumor]] | |||
==== Flatness ==== | |||
*Large [[Ddx:Pleural Effusion|Pleural Effusion]] | |||
==== Resonance ==== | |||
*Chronic [[Bronchitis]] | |||
==== Hyperresonance ==== | |||
*[[Emphysema]] | |||
*[[Pneumothorax]] | |||
*[[Status asthmaticus]] | |||
==== Tympany ==== | |||
*Intestinal loop | |||
*Large [[pneumothorax]] | |||
*Lung caverns | |||
*Lung cyst | |||
== Percussion of the abdomen == | == Percussion of the abdomen == | ||
It is used to find whether any [[organ (anatomy)|organ]] is enlarged and similar. It is based on the principle of setting tissue and spaces in between at vibration. The sound thus generated is used to determine if the tissue is healthy or pathological. | It is used to find whether any [[organ (anatomy)|organ]] is enlarged and similar. It is based on the principle of setting tissue and spaces in between at vibration. The sound thus generated is used to determine if the tissue is healthy or pathological. | ||
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*[[Pleximeter]] | *[[Pleximeter]] | ||
{{ | {{Physical Examination}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Physical examination]] | ||
[[de:Perkussion (Medizin)]] | [[de:Perkussion (Medizin)]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:18, 5 September 2011
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Percussion is a method used by a healthcare provider to find out about the changes in the thorax or abdomen. It is done by tapping on a surface to determine the underlying structure. It is one of the four methods of clinical examination: inspection (medicine), palpation, percussion and auscultation. It is done with the middle finger of right hand tapping on the middle finger of the left hand, which is positioned with the whole palm on the body.
There are two types of percussion: direct percussion, which uses only 1 or two fingers, and indirect percussion, utilizing the middle/flexor finger. The method was initially used to distinguish between empty and filled barrels of liquor.
There are four different percussion sounds:
- Sonorous
- Hypersonorous
- Relatively dull sound
- Completely dull sound
The presence of a solid mass underneath the surface will produce a dull sound. Hollow, air-containing structures will lead to a more sonore sound.
Percussion of the thorax
It is used to diagnose pneumothorax, emphysema and other diseases. It can be used to access the respiratory mobility of the thorax.
Differential Diagnosis of Abnormalities in Percussion of the Lung
In alphabetical order: [1] [2]
Dullness
- Foreign body
- Lobar pneumonia
- Lung abscess
- Lung tumor
- Pleural Effusion
- Pleural tumor
- Pulmonary edema
- Pulmonary infarction
- Tuberculosis infiltrate
- Tumor
Flatness
- Large Pleural Effusion
Resonance
- Chronic Bronchitis
Hyperresonance
Tympany
- Intestinal loop
- Large pneumothorax
- Lung caverns
- Lung cyst
Percussion of the abdomen
It is used to find whether any organ is enlarged and similar. It is based on the principle of setting tissue and spaces in between at vibration. The sound thus generated is used to determine if the tissue is healthy or pathological.