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| {{drugbox
| | #redirect:[[Amikacin sulfate]] |
| | IUPAC_name = (2''S'')-4-amino-N-[(2''S'',3''S'',4''R'',5''S'')-5-amino-2-<br>[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-<br>6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2''R'',3''R'',<br>4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-<br>oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-cyclohexyl]-2-hydroxy-<br>butanamide
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| | image = Amikacin.png
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| | CAS_number = 37517-28-5
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| | ATC_prefix = D06
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| | ATC_suffix = AX12
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| | ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|J01|GB06}}, {{ATC|S01|AA21}}
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| | PubChem = 441188
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| | DrugBank = APRD00550
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| | C = 22 | H = 43 | N = 5 | O = 13
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| | molecular_weight = 585.603 g/mol
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| | bioavailability =
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| | protein_bound = 0-11%
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| | metabolism =
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| | elimination_half-life = 2-3 hours
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| | excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]]
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| | pregnancy_AU = D
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| | pregnancy_US = C
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| | legal_UK = POM
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| | legal_US = Rx-only
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| | routes_of_administration = [[Intramuscular injection|Intramuscular]], [[Intravenous therapy|intravenous]]
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| }}
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| {{SI}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| {{EH}}
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Amikacin''' is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]] used to treat different types of [[bacteria|bacterial]] [[infection]]s. Amikacin works by binding to the bacterial [[30S]] [[ribosome|ribosomal]] subunit, causing misreading of [[mRNA]] and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize [[protein]]s vital to its growth.
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| ==Administration==
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| Amikacin may be administered once or twice a day but must be given by the [[intravenous]] or [[intramuscular]] route, which tends to be painful. There is no oral form available. Dosage must be adjusted in people with [[kidney failure]].
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| ==Uses==
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| Amikacin is most often used for treating severe, hospital-acquired infections with [[multidrug resistance|multidrug resistant]] [[Gram negative]] bacteria such as ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'', ''[[Acinetobacter]]'', and ''[[Enterobacter]]''.
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| Amikacin may be combined with a [[beta-lactam]] antibiotic for [[empiric therapy]] for people with [[neutropenia]] and [[fever]].
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| ==Side effects==
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| Side effects of amikacin are similar to other aminoglycosides. [[Nephrotoxicity|Kidney damage]] and [[ototoxicity|hearing loss]] are the most important effects. Because of this potential, blood levels of the drug and markers of kidney function ([[creatinine]]) may be monitored.
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| ==References==
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| * Edson RS, Terrell CL. ''The aminoglycosides.'' Mayo Clin Proc. 1999 May;74(5):519-28. Review. PMID 10319086
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| {{Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use}}
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| {{AminoglycosideAntiBiotics}}
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| {{SIB}}
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| [[Category:Aminoglycoside antibiotics]]
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| [[es:Amikacina]]
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| [[ru:Амикацин]]
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| [[th:อะมิกาซิน]]
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