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{{Asthma}} | {{Asthma}} | ||
{{CMG}}; [[Philip Marcus, M.D., M.P.H.]] [mailto:pmarcus192@aol.com] {{AE}} | |||
''' | ==Overview== | ||
Asthma was first mentioned in Homer's ''Iliad''. It was later studied by influential thinkers such as, Hippocrates, Galen, and Moses Maimonides. Asthma treatment methods emerged in the late 1800s. | |||
== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
The word | * The word asthma is derived from the Ancient Greek word ''aazein'', meaning sharp breath. | ||
* The word first appeared in Homer's ''Iliad''.<ref name="pmid6757243">Marketos SG, Ballas CN (1982) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6757243 Bronchial asthma in the medical literature of Greek antiquity.] ''J Asthma'' 19 (4):263-9. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/6757243 6757243]</ref> | |||
The word first appeared in Homer's ''Iliad''.<ref name="pmid6757243">Marketos SG, Ballas CN (1982) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6757243 Bronchial asthma in the medical literature of Greek antiquity.] ''J Asthma'' 19 (4):263-9. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/6757243 6757243]</ref> | *[[Hippocrates]] was the first to use it in reference to a medical condition, in 450 BC and thought the [[spasms]] associated with [[asthma]] were more likely to occur in tailors, anglers and metalworkers. | ||
* Six centuries later, [[Galen]] wrote much about asthma, noting that it was caused by partial or complete bronchial obstruction. | |||
* In 1190 AD, Moses Maimonides, an influential medieval rabbi, philosopher, and physician, wrote a treatise on asthma, describing its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.<ref name="pmid7025335">Rosner F (1981) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7025335 Moses Maimonides' treatise on asthma.] ''Thorax'' 36 (4):245-51. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/7025335 7025335]</ref> | |||
* In the 17th century, [[Bernardino Ramazzini]] noted a connection between asthma and [[organic compound|organic dust]]. | |||
[[Epinephrine]] was first referred to in the treatment of asthma in 1905,<ref name="pmid18733372">Doig RL (1905) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18733372 Epinephrin; Especially in Asthma.] ''Cal State J Med'' 3 (2):54-5. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/18733372 18733372]</ref> and for acute asthma in 1910.<ref name="pmid20764937">Matthews C (1910) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20764937 THE USE OF ADRENALIN IN ACUTE ASTHMA.] ''Br Med J'' 1 (2564):441. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/20764937 20764937]</ref> The use of [[bronchodilators]] for the treatment of asthma started in 1901, but it was not until the 1960s that the inflammatory component of asthma was recognized, and [[Anti inflammatory medications|anti-inflammatory medications]] were added to the regimens. | * In the year 1880, Dr. J.B. Berkart used intravenous administration of [[pilocarpine]] to treat asthma.<ref name="pmid20749537">Berkart JB (1880) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20749537 The Treatment of Asthma.] ''Br Med J'' 1 (1016):917-8. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/20749537 20749537]</ref><ref name="pmid2240530">Kishikawa K, Namiki A, Miyashita K, Saitoh K (1990) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2240530 Effects of famotidine and cimetidine on plasma levels of epidurally administered lignocaine.] ''Anaesthesia'' 45 (9):719-21. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/2240530 2240530]</ref> | ||
* In the year 1886, F.H. Bosworth F.H. suspected an association between asthma and [[hay fever]].<ref name="pmid21407325">Bosworth FH (1886) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21407325 Hay Fever, Asthma, and Allied Affections.] ''Trans Am Climatol Assoc Meet'' 2 ():151-70. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/21407325 21407325]</ref> | |||
* [[Epinephrine]] was first referred to in the treatment of asthma in 1905,<ref name="pmid18733372">Doig RL (1905) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18733372 Epinephrin; Especially in Asthma.] ''Cal State J Med'' 3 (2):54-5. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/18733372 18733372]</ref> and for acute asthma in 1910.<ref name="pmid20764937">Matthews C (1910) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20764937 THE USE OF ADRENALIN IN ACUTE ASTHMA.] ''Br Med J'' 1 (2564):441. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/20764937 20764937]</ref> | |||
* The use of [[bronchodilators]] for the treatment of asthma started in 1901, but it was not until the 1960s that the inflammatory component of asthma was recognized, and [[Anti inflammatory medications|anti-inflammatory medications]] were added to the regimens. | |||
* During the 1930s–50s, asthma was considered to be one of the ''holy seven'' [[Psychosomatic illness|psychosomatic illnesses]] and suspected a psychological etiology. Among the first papers in modern medicine, the one published in 1873 explained the pathophysiology of the disease,<ref name="pmid20747287">Thorowgood JC (1873) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20747287 On Bronchial Asthma.] ''Br Med J'' 2 (673):600. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/20747287 20747287]</ref> and another paper published in 1872 discussed the treatment of asthma with the author concluding that rubbing the chest with [[chloroform|chloroform liniment]] cured asthma.<ref name="pmid20746575">Gaskoin G (1872) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20746575 On the Treatment of Asthma.] ''Br Med J'' 1 (587):339. PMID: [http://pubmed.gov/20746575 20746575]</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Immunology]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Mature chapter]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:30, 29 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Philip Marcus, M.D., M.P.H. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Asthma was first mentioned in Homer's Iliad. It was later studied by influential thinkers such as, Hippocrates, Galen, and Moses Maimonides. Asthma treatment methods emerged in the late 1800s.
Historical Perspective
- The word asthma is derived from the Ancient Greek word aazein, meaning sharp breath.
- The word first appeared in Homer's Iliad.[1]
- Hippocrates was the first to use it in reference to a medical condition, in 450 BC and thought the spasms associated with asthma were more likely to occur in tailors, anglers and metalworkers.
- Six centuries later, Galen wrote much about asthma, noting that it was caused by partial or complete bronchial obstruction.
- In 1190 AD, Moses Maimonides, an influential medieval rabbi, philosopher, and physician, wrote a treatise on asthma, describing its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.[2]
- In the 17th century, Bernardino Ramazzini noted a connection between asthma and organic dust.
- In the year 1880, Dr. J.B. Berkart used intravenous administration of pilocarpine to treat asthma.[3][4]
- In the year 1886, F.H. Bosworth F.H. suspected an association between asthma and hay fever.[5]
- Epinephrine was first referred to in the treatment of asthma in 1905,[6] and for acute asthma in 1910.[7]
- The use of bronchodilators for the treatment of asthma started in 1901, but it was not until the 1960s that the inflammatory component of asthma was recognized, and anti-inflammatory medications were added to the regimens.
- During the 1930s–50s, asthma was considered to be one of the holy seven psychosomatic illnesses and suspected a psychological etiology. Among the first papers in modern medicine, the one published in 1873 explained the pathophysiology of the disease,[8] and another paper published in 1872 discussed the treatment of asthma with the author concluding that rubbing the chest with chloroform liniment cured asthma.[9]
References
- ↑ Marketos SG, Ballas CN (1982) Bronchial asthma in the medical literature of Greek antiquity. J Asthma 19 (4):263-9. PMID: 6757243
- ↑ Rosner F (1981) Moses Maimonides' treatise on asthma. Thorax 36 (4):245-51. PMID: 7025335
- ↑ Berkart JB (1880) The Treatment of Asthma. Br Med J 1 (1016):917-8. PMID: 20749537
- ↑ Kishikawa K, Namiki A, Miyashita K, Saitoh K (1990) Effects of famotidine and cimetidine on plasma levels of epidurally administered lignocaine. Anaesthesia 45 (9):719-21. PMID: 2240530
- ↑ Bosworth FH (1886) Hay Fever, Asthma, and Allied Affections. Trans Am Climatol Assoc Meet 2 ():151-70. PMID: 21407325
- ↑ Doig RL (1905) Epinephrin; Especially in Asthma. Cal State J Med 3 (2):54-5. PMID: 18733372
- ↑ Matthews C (1910) THE USE OF ADRENALIN IN ACUTE ASTHMA. Br Med J 1 (2564):441. PMID: 20764937
- ↑ Thorowgood JC (1873) On Bronchial Asthma. Br Med J 2 (673):600. PMID: 20747287
- ↑ Gaskoin G (1872) On the Treatment of Asthma. Br Med J 1 (587):339. PMID: 20746575