Hypernatremia: Difference between revisions

	Hypernatremia Microchapters
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Latest revision as of 00:09, 12 August 2020

For patient information, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Hyperosmolarity; hypernatraemia

Overview

Historical perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hypernatremia from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

Template:Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic pathology

Template:WikiDoc Sources

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+__NOTOC__
+{| class="infobox" style="float:right;"
+|-
+| [[File:Siren.gif|link=Hypernatremia resident survival guide|41x41px]]|| <br> || <br>
+| [[Hypernatremia resident survival guide|'''Resident'''<br>'''Survival'''<br>'''Guide''']]
+|}
+'''For patient information, click [[Hypernatremia (patient information)|here]]'''
 {{Hypernatremia}}
-{{Infobox_Disease |
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{FT}}
-  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
-  Image          = Na-TableImage.png  |
+{{SK}} Hyperosmolarity; hypernatraemia
-  Caption        = [[Sodium]] |
-  DiseasesDB     = 6266 |
-  ICD10          = {{ICD10|E|87|0|e|70}} |
-  ICD9           = {{ICD9|276.0}} |
-  ICDO           = |
-  OMIM           = |
-  MedlinePlus    = |
-}}
-{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[User:Jack Khouri|Jack Khouri]]
 ==[[Hypernatremia overview|Overview]]==
+==[[Hypernatremia historical perspective|Historical perspective]]==
 ==[[Hypernatremia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
 ==[[Hypernatremia causes|Causes]]==
+==[[Differentiating etiologies of Hypernatremia|Differentiating Hypernatremia from other Diseases]]==
-==[[Hypernatremia differential diagnosis|Differential Diagnosis]]==
+==[[Hypernatremia epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
+==[[Hypernatremia risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
-==[[Hypernatremia history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]]==
+==[[Hypernatremia natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
-==[[Hypernatremia laboratory tests|Laboratory tests]]==
+==Diagnosis==
+[[Hypernatremia history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Hypernatremia physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Hypernatremia laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Hypernatremia electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Hypernatremia CT|CT]] | [[Hypernatremia MRI|MRI]] | [[Hypernatremia other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
 ==Treatment==
-* The cornerstone of treatment is administration of free water to correct the relative water deficit. Water can be replaced orally or [[intravenous]]ly.
+[[Hypernatremia medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Hypernatremia surgery|Surgery]] | [[Hypernatremia primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Hypernatremia secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]]
+==Case Studies==
-* '''Overly rapid correction of hypernatremia is potentially very dangerous'''. As we mentioned before, The body (in particular the [[brain]]) adapts to the higher sodium concentration. Rapidly lowering the sodium concentration with free water, once this adaptation has occurred, causes water to flow into brain cells and causes them to swell (cerebral edema). This can lead to [[cerebral edema]], potentially resulting in seizures, permanent [[brain damage]], or death. [[Central pontine myelinolysis]] can also occur with over rapid correction of the sodium which should be about '''0.5 meq/l/hour''' and no more than 1 meq per hour. Significant hypernatremia should be treated carefully by a [[physician]] or other medical professional with experience in treatment of [[electrolyte imbalance]]s.
+[[Hypernatremia case study one|Case #1]]
-* ''Free Water deficit (L)= 0.6 x (body weight(kg)) x ((plasma[Sodium]/140)-1)''
-* Central DI should be treated with desmopressin and drugs that increase vasopressin release eg Clofibrate.
-* Nephrogenic DI can be treated with Thiazide diuretics, low salt and low protein diet.
-==See also==
+==Related Chapters==
 * [[Dehydration]]
 * [[Hyponatremia]]
-* [[Cerebral edema]]
+* [[Cerebral edema|Cerebral Edema]]
 {{Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic pathology}}
@@ Line 46: / Line 39: @@
 [[ja:高ナトリウム血症]]
-[[Category: electrolyte disturbance|Hypernatremia]]
 [[Category:Inborn errors of metabolism]]
 [[Category:Blood tests]]
 [[Category:Emergency medicine]]
 [[Category:Intensive care medicine]]
+[[Category:Nephrology]]
+[[Category:Electrolyte disturbance]]
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