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| '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]''' | | __NOTOC__ |
| | '''For patient information click [[Prostate cancer (patient information)|here]].''' |
| | {{Prostate cancer}} |
| | {{SCC}}; {{MJM}}; {{AE}} {{SC}} {{sali}} {{KKV}} |
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| {{DiseaseDisorder infobox | | | {{SK}} Prostate adenocarcinoma, neoplasm of prostate, tumor of prostate, tumor of prostate, malignant tumor of the prostate, cancer of the prostate, malignant prostatic tumor, malignant prostatic tumour, malignant tumor of prostate |
| Name = Prostate cancer |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|C|61||c|60}} |
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| ICD9 = {{ICD9|185}} |
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| Image = Prostatelead.jpg |
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| Caption = |
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| ICDO = |
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| OMIM = 176807 |
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| DiseasesDB = 10780 |
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| MedlinePlus = 000380 |
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| MeshID = D011471 |
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| }}
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| {{Prostate cancer}}
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| {{SCC}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| {{MJM}}
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| ==[[Prostate cancer overview|Overview]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer overview|Overview]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer historical perspective|Historical perspective]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== |
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| | ==[[Prostate cancer classification|Classification]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology & Demographics]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer causes|Causes]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer risk factors|Risk factors]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer differential diagnosis|Differentiating Prostate Cancer from other Cancers]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer screening|Screening]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer causes|Causes]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer differential diagnosis|Differentiating prostate cancer from other cancers]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer screening|Screening]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer natural history|Complications & Prognosis]]== | | ==[[Prostate cancer natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]== |
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| ==[[Prostate cancer history and symptoms|Symptoms]]==
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| [[Image:Prostatehistopath.jpg|thumb|right|500px|'''Normal prostate (A) and prostate cancer (B).''' In prostate cancer, the regular glands of the normal prostate are replaced by irregular glands and clumps of cells, as seen in these pictures taken through a microscope.]]
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| When a man has symptoms of prostate cancer, or a screening test indicates an increased risk for cancer, more invasive evaluation is offered.
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| The only test which can fully confirm the diagnosis of prostate cancer is a [[biopsy]], the removal of small pieces of the prostate for microscopic examination. However, prior to a biopsy, several other tools may be used to gather more information about the prostate and the urinary tract. [[Cystoscopy]] shows the urinary tract from inside the bladder, using a thin, flexible camera tube inserted down the [[urethra]]. [[Transrectal ultrasonography]] creates a picture of the prostate using sound waves from a probe in the rectum.
| | [[Prostate cancer history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Prostate cancer physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Prostate cancer staging | Staging]] | [[Prostate cancer laboratory studies | Laboratory Findings]] | [[Prostate cancer x ray|X Ray]] | [[Prostate cancer CT|CT]] | [[Prostate cancer MRI|MRI]] | [[Prostate cancer ultrasound| Ultrasound]] | [[Prostate cancer other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Prostate cancer other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] | [[Prostate cancer biopsy|Biopsy]] |
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| :[[Prostate cancer history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Prostate cancer physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Prostate cancer staging | Staging]] | [[Prostate cancer laboratory studies | Lab Studies]] | [[Prostate cancer electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Prostate cancer x ray|X Ray]] | [[Prostate cancer MRI|MRI]] | [[Prostate cancer CT|CT]] | [[Prostate cancer echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Prostate cancer other imaging findings|Other imaging findings]] | [[Prostate cancer other diagnostic studies|Other diagnostic studies]]
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| ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
| Treatment for prostate cancer may involve [[watchful waiting]], [[surgery]], [[radiation therapy]] including [[brachytherapy]] (prostate brachytherapy) and external beam radiation, [[High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU)]], [[chemotherapy]], [[cryosurgery]], hormonal therapy, or some combination. Which option is best depends on the stage of the disease, the Gleason score, and the PSA level. Other important factors are the man's age, his general health, and his feelings about potential treatments and their possible side effects. Because all treatments can have significant [[Adverse effect (medicine)|side effect]]s, such as erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence, treatment discussions often focus on balancing the goals of therapy with the risks of lifestyle alterations.
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| The selection of treatment options may be a complex decision involving many factors. For example, radical prostatectomy after primary radiation failure is a very technically challenging surgery and may not be an option.<ref name="pmid16314889">{{cite journal | author = Mouraviev V, Evans B, Polascik TJ | title = Salvage prostate cryoablation after primary interstitial brachytherapy failure: a feasible approach | journal = Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 99–101 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16314889 | doi = 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500853 | url = }}</ref> This may enter into the treatment decision.
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| If the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, treatment options significantly change, so most doctors who treat prostate cancer use a variety of [[nomogram]]s to predict the probability of spread. Treatment by watchful waiting, HIFU, radiation therapy, cryosurgery, and surgery are generally offered to men whose cancer remains within the prostate. Hormonal therapy and chemotherapy are often reserved for disease which has spread beyond the prostate. However, there are exceptions: radiation therapy may be used for some advanced tumors, and hormonal therapy is used for some early stage tumors. [[Cryotherapy]], hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy may also be offered if initial treatment fails and the cancer progresses.
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| [[Prostate cancer medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Prostate cancer surgery|Surgical options]] | [[Prostate cancer metastasis treatment|Metastasis Treatment]] | [[Prostate cancer primary prevention|Primary prevention]] | [[Prostate cancer secondary prevention|Secondary prevention]] | [[Prostate cancer cost-effectiveness of therapy|Financial costs]] | [[Prostate cancer future or investigational therapies|Future therapies]]
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| == Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grading system)==
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| === Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 1)===
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| <youtube v=F7V0Zl7a2FY/>
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| === Prostate : Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 2)===
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| <youtube v=YSOLiSklIXw/>
| | [[Prostate cancer medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Prostate cancer surgery|Surgery]] | [[Prostate cancer primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Prostate cancer secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Prostate cancer cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Prostate cancer future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] | [[Prostate cancer alternative therapy|Alternative Therapy]] |
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| === Prostate : Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 3)=== | | ==Case Studies== |
| | [[Prostate cancer case study one|Case #1]] |
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| <youtube v=TG8vR_pE7yA/>
| | ==Related Chapters== |
| | | * [[Atypical small acinar proliferation]] |
| === Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 4)===
| | * [[Testosterone]] |
| | | * [[Gleason score]] |
| <youtube v=R2Cl4HScdGc/>
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| === Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 5)===
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| <youtube v=F7V0Zl7a2FY/>
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| == See also == | |
| *[[Atypical small acinar proliferation]] | |
| *[[Testosterone]] | |
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| ==External links==
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| *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqEOYBNnqb4 Prostate Cancer & Endothelin: PMAP The Proteolysis Map - animation] | |
| *{{dmoz|Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Cancer/Genitourinary/Prostate/}}
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| {{Urogenital neoplasia}} | | {{Urogenital neoplasia}} |
| {{SIB}}
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| {{Link FA|ca}}
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| {{Link FA|de}}
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| [[af:Prostaatkanker]]
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| [[bn:প্রোস্টেট ক্যান্সার]]
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| [[bg:Рак на простатата]]
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| [[ca:Càncer de pròstata]]
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| [[da:Prostatakræft]]
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| [[de:Prostatakrebs]]
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| [[dv:ޕްރޮސްޓޭޓް ކެންސަރު]]
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| [[el:Καρκίνος του προστάτη]]
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| [[es:Cáncer de próstata]]
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| [[fa:سرطان پروستات]]
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| [[fr:Cancer de la prostate]]
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| [[hr:Rak prostate]]
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| [[id:Kanker prostat]]
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| [[it:Carcinoma della prostata]]
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| [[he:סרטן הערמונית]]
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| [[la:Cancer prostatae]]
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| [[lv:Prostatas vēzis]]
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| [[nl:Prostaatkanker]]
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| [[ja:前立腺癌]]
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| [[no:Prostatakreft]]
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| [[pl:Rak gruczołu krokowego]]
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| [[pt:Câncer de próstata]]
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| [[ru:Рак простаты]]
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| [[simple:Prostate cancer]]
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| [[fi:Eturauhassyöpä]]
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| [[sv:Prostatacancer]]
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| [[tl:Kanser sa prostata]]
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| [[tr:Prostat kanseri]]
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| [[zh:前列腺癌]]
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| [[Category:Disease]] | | [[Category:Disease]] |
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| [[Category:Types of cancer]] | | [[Category:Types of cancer]] |
| [[Category:Oncology]] | | [[Category:Oncology]] |
| [[Category:Mature chapter]] | | |
| | {{WH}} |
| | {{WS}} |
| | [[Category:Urology]] |
| | [[Category:Up-To-Date]] |
| | [[Category:Oncology]] |
| | [[Category:Medicine]] |