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__NOTOC__
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'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Vulvar cancer}}
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{MD}}{{sali}}


{{Infobox_Disease
{{SK}} Vulva cancer, cancer of vulva, vulvar carcinoma, vulvar neoplasm, neoplasm of vulva, malignant tumor of vulva, primary vulval cancer, primary vulvar cancer, primary vulva cancer, vulval carcinoma, vulva carcinoma, carcinoma of vulva, vulval cancer, vulval neoplasia.  
| Name          = {{PAGENAME}}
| Image          =
| Caption        =
| DiseasesDB    = 14013
| ICD10          = {{ICD10|C|51|.9|c|51}}
| ICD9          = {{ICD9|184.4}}
| ICDO          =
| OMIM          =
| MedlinePlus    = 000902
| MeshID        =
}}
{{Vulvar cancer}}
{{CMG}}


==[[Vulvar cancer overview|Overview]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer overview|Overview]]==


==[[Vulvar cancer historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer classification|Classification]]==


==[[Vulvar cancer pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==[[Vulvar cancer epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology & Demographics]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer causes|Causes]]==
 
==[[Vulvar cancer differential diagnosis|Differentiating Vulvar cancer from other Diseases]]==
 
==[[Vulvar cancer epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


==[[Vulvar cancer risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
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==[[Vulvar cancer screening|Screening]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer screening|Screening]]==


==[[Vulvar cancer causes|Causes]]==
==[[Vulvar cancer natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
 
==[[Vulvar cancer differential diagnosis|Differentiating Vulvar cancer]]==
 
==[[Vulvar cancer natural history|Complications & Prognosis]]==


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
[[Vulvar cancer history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Vulvar cancer physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Vulvar cancer staging|Staging]] | [[Vulvar cancer laboratory tests|Laboratory tests]] | [[Vulvar cancer electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]]  | [[Vulvar cancer x ray|X Rays]] | [[Vulvar cancer CT|CT]] | [[Vulvar cancer MRI|MRI]] [[Vulvar cancer echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Vulvar cancer other imaging findings|Other images]] | [[Vulvar cancer other diagnostic studies|Alternative diagnostics]]
[[Vulvar cancer staging|Staging]] | [[Vulvar cancer history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Vulvar cancer physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Vulvar cancer laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Vulvar cancer x ray|X Rays]] | [[Vulvar cancer CT|CT]] | [[Vulvar cancer MRI|MRI]] | [[Vulvar cancer ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Vulvar cancer other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Vulvar cancer other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


==Treatment==
==Treatment==
[[Vulvar cancer medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Vulvar cancer surgery|Surgical options]] | [[Vulvar cancer primary prevention|Primary prevention]]  | [[Vulvar cancer secondary prevention|Secondary prevention]] | [[Vulvar cancer cost-effectiveness of therapy|Financial costs]] | [[Vulvar cancer future or investigational therapies|Future therapies]]
[[Vulvar cancer medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Vulvar cancer surgery|Surgery]] | [[Vulvar cancer primary prevention|Primary Prevention]]  | [[Vulvar cancer secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Vulvar cancer cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Vulvar cancer future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
 
== Signs and Symptoms ==
Typically a lesion is present in form of a lump or [[ulceration]], often associated with itching, irritation, sometimes local bleeding and discharge. Also [[dysuria]], [[dyspareunia]] and pain may be noted.  Because of modesty or embarrassment, symptoms may not be heeded in a timely fashion.
Melanomas tend to display the typical dark discoloration.
Adenocarcinoma can arise from the [[Bartholin gland]] and results in a lump that may be quite painful.


== Diagnosis ==
==Case Studies==
Examination of the vulva is part of the gynecologic evaluation and may reveal ulceration, a lump, or a mass. A suspicious lesion needs to undergo a [[biopsy]] that generally can be performed in an office setting under [[local anesthesia]]. Small lesion can be excised under local anesthesia.
[[Vulvar cancer case study one|Case #1]]
Supplemental evaluation may include a [[chest X-ray]], an [[IVP]], [[cystoscopy]] and [[proctoscopy]], as well as blood counts and metabolic assessment.
 
== Etiology ==
The etiology of the cancer is unclear; however, some condition such as [[condyloma]] or squamous [[dysplasia]]s may have preceded the cancer. [[Human papillomavirus]] (HPV) is suspected to be a possible risk factor in the etiology of vulvar cancer. Patients infected with [[HIV]] tend to be more susceptible to vulvar malignancy. Also, smokers tend to be at higher risk.
 
== Treatment ==
 
Staging and treatment are generally handled by an [[oncologist]] familiar with gynecologic cancer. The extent of the surgery is dictated by the surgical staging.<ref name="figo"/>
 
[[Surgery]] is a mainstay of therapy and usually accomplished by use of a [[radical vulvectomy]], removal of vulvar tissue as well as the removal of lymph nodes from the inguinal and femoral areas. Complications of such surgery include wound infection, sexual dysfunction, edema and thrombosis.
 
Surgery is significantly more extensive when vulvar cancer has spread to adjacent organs such as urethra, vagina, and rectum.
In cases of early vulvar carcinoma the surgery may be less radical and disfiguring and consist of wide excision or a simple vulvectomy.
 
[[Radiation therapy]] and [[chemotherapy]] are usually not a primary choice of therapy but may be used in selected cases of advanced vulvar cancer.
 
== Prognosis ==
The prognosis of vulvar cancer shows overall about a 75% [[five year survival rate]], but, of course, individually affected by many factors, notably stage and type of the lesion and age and general medical health. Five-year survival is down to about 20% when pelvic lymph nodes are involved but better than 90% for patients with stage I lesions. Thus early diagnosis is imperative.
 
== Help and Support ==
 
There is a support group for women who have/had vulva cancer/other vulva problems called VACO (Vulva Awareness Campaign Organisation). The website address for this is vaco.co.uk. It's just as easy as checking breasts. Women must check their vulva and to report any problems to their doctor as soon as possible. 
 
==References==
{{reflist|2}}


==External links==
==External links==
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[[Category:Gynecology]]
[[Category:Gynecology]]
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[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 
[[Category:Oncology]]
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{{WikiDoc Sources}}
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Latest revision as of 16:45, 8 May 2019

For patient information click here

Vulvar cancer Microchapters

Home

Patient Info

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Vulvar cancer from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Vulvar cancer On the Web

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NICE Guidance

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Vulvar cancer in the news

Blogs on Vulvar cancer

Directions to Hospitals Treating Vulvar cancer

Risk calculators and risk factors for Vulvar cancer

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2] Syed Musadiq Ali M.B.B.S.[3]

Synonyms and keywords: Vulva cancer, cancer of vulva, vulvar carcinoma, vulvar neoplasm, neoplasm of vulva, malignant tumor of vulva, primary vulval cancer, primary vulvar cancer, primary vulva cancer, vulval carcinoma, vulva carcinoma, carcinoma of vulva, vulval cancer, vulval neoplasia.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Vulvar cancer from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | X Rays | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

External links

  1. Information from the National Cancer Institute
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