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{{Pituitary adenoma}}
{{Pituitary adenoma}}
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==Overview==
On head [[Computed tomography|CT scan]] may be helpful in the [[diagnosis]] of pituitary adenoma. Findings on [[Computed tomography|CT scan]] suggestive of pituitary adenoma include a large [[suprasellar]] mass that invade surrounding structures, [[calcification]], and rarely [[hemorrhage]].


{{CMG}}
==Key CT Scan Findings in Pituitary Adenoma==
===Microadenoma===
*Historically, before the advent of [[MRI]], the pituitary was imaged with [[Computed tomography|CT scan]].
*Although [[CT scan]] is able to detect up to 80-90% of microadenomas (5-10mm in size), it has less sensitivity to smaller adenomas (less than 5mm in size).<ref name="radio5">Pituitary Microadenoma. Dr Amir Rezaee and Dr Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia.org 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-microadenoma</ref>
===Macroadenoma===
*A large [[suprasellar]] mass that typically characterized by:<ref name="radio">Pituitary Macroadenoma. Dr Bruno Di Muzio and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody. Radiopaedia.org 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-macroadenoma-1</ref>
:*An [[attenuation]] similar to that of the brain (30-40 HU)
:*Moderate [[contrast]] enhancement
:*Invasion of the surrounding structures
*[[Calcification]] and [[hemorrhage]] are rarely seen.
<gallery>
Image:


==Overview==
Pituitary adenoma.jpg|Large hyperdense sellar mass extending into the suprasellar region and causing displacement of surrounding structures. <ref name=radio1>Image courtesy of Dr. Gagandeep Choudhary. [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia] (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pituitary-macroadenoma ''here'']). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>


'''Pituitary adenomas''' are [[tumor]]s that occur in the [[pituitary gland]], and account for about 10% of intracranial [[neoplasia|neoplasms]]. They often remain undiagnosed, and small pituitary tumors are found in 6 to 24 percent of adults at autopsy.
Pituitary adenoma.1.jpg|Large hyperdense sellar mass extending into the suprasellar region and causing displacement of surrounding structures. <ref name=radio1>Image courtesy of Dr. Gagandeep Choudhary. [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia] (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pituitary-macroadenoma ''here'']). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
Pituitary adenomas arise within the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) of the gland . Tumors less than 1 cm are called micro adenomas. Clinical symptoms depend on whether the tumor is secreting or nonsecreting. Nonsecreting adenomas grow and compress adjacent structures, most commonly causing a bitemporal hemianopsia due to chiasmatic compression. Lateral extension into the cavernous sinuses can result in cranial nerve palsies.


Pituitary-macroadenoma-CT-01.jpg|There is a well defined round isodense lesion noted in the pituitary fossa, the lesion is widening the sella.<ref name=radiopaedia> Case contributed by Radswiki. [http://www.radiopaedia.org] (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pituitary-adenoma]).</ref>
Image:Pituitary-macroadenoma-CT-02.jpg|There is a well defined round isodense lesion noted in the pituitary fossa, the lesion is widening the <ref name=radiopaedia> Case contributed by Radswiki. [http://www.radiopaedia.org] (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pituitary-adenoma]).</ref>
</gallery>
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[cs:Adenom hypofýzy]]
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[[sk:Adenóm hypofýzy]]
[[sv:Hypofystumör]]
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Latest revision as of 19:48, 2 October 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [4]

Overview

On head CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. Findings on CT scan suggestive of pituitary adenoma include a large suprasellar mass that invade surrounding structures, calcification, and rarely hemorrhage.

Key CT Scan Findings in Pituitary Adenoma

Microadenoma

  • Historically, before the advent of MRI, the pituitary was imaged with CT scan.
  • Although CT scan is able to detect up to 80-90% of microadenomas (5-10mm in size), it has less sensitivity to smaller adenomas (less than 5mm in size).[1]

Macroadenoma

  • An attenuation similar to that of the brain (30-40 HU)
  • Moderate contrast enhancement
  • Invasion of the surrounding structures
  • Large hyperdense sellar mass extending into the suprasellar region and causing displacement of surrounding structures. [3]

    Large hyperdense sellar mass extending into the suprasellar region and causing displacement of surrounding structures. [3]

  • Large hyperdense sellar mass extending into the suprasellar region and causing displacement of surrounding structures. [3]

    Large hyperdense sellar mass extending into the suprasellar region and causing displacement of surrounding structures. [3]

  • There is a well defined round isodense lesion noted in the pituitary fossa, the lesion is widening the sella.[4]

    There is a well defined round isodense lesion noted in the pituitary fossa, the lesion is widening the sella.[4]

  • There is a well defined round isodense lesion noted in the pituitary fossa, the lesion is widening the [4]

    There is a well defined round isodense lesion noted in the pituitary fossa, the lesion is widening the [4]

References

  1. ↑ Pituitary Microadenoma. Dr Amir Rezaee and Dr Frank Gaillard. Radiopaedia.org 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-microadenoma
  2. ↑ Pituitary Macroadenoma. Dr Bruno Di Muzio and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody. Radiopaedia.org 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-macroadenoma-1
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Image courtesy of Dr. Gagandeep Choudhary. Radiopaedia (original file here). Creative Commons BY-SA-NC
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Case contributed by Radswiki. [1] (original file [2]).
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