Pancreatic cancer causes: Difference between revisions
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Created page with "{{Pancreatic cancer}} {{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}} ==Overview== '''Pancreatic cancer''' is a malignant tumour within the [[pancreas|pancreatic ..." |
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{{Pancreatic cancer}} | {{Pancreatic cancer}} | ||
{{CMG}}; | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ARK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Pancreatic cancer]] may be caused by the inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumor suppressor genes]] such as [[P53 (protein)|p53]], [[P16 (gene)|p16]], ''p27CIP1'' and [[BRCA2]]. [[Oncogenes]] such as [[Ras]] [[oncogene|,]] [[Cyclooxygenase|Cox]]-2, [[AKT|Akt]]-2, [[Notch]] [[gene|and]] [[Cyclin D1]] may undergo activation and lead to the development of [[pancreatic cancer]]. Deregulation and crosstalk between different [[Signal transduction|signal transduction pathways]] due to [[Genomic|genomic alterations]] also have a proven role in the causation of [[Pancreatic cancer|pancreatic cance]]<nowiki/>r. | |||
==Causes== | |||
*[[Pancreatic cancer]] may be caused by the following:<ref name="pmid27546841">{{cite journal| author=Yabar CS, Winter JM| title=Pancreatic Cancer: A Review. | journal=Gastroenterol Clin North Am | year= 2016 | volume= 45 | issue= 3 | pages= 429-45 | pmid=27546841 | doi=10.1016/j.gtc.2016.04.003 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27546841 }} </ref><ref name="pmid25207767">{{cite journal| author=Ryan DP, Hong TS, Bardeesy N| title=Pancreatic adenocarcinoma. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2014 | volume= 371 | issue= 11 | pages= 1039-49 | pmid=25207767 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra1404198 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25207767 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26320426">{{cite journal| author=Goral V| title=Pancreatic Cancer: Pathogenesis and Diagnosis. | journal=Asian Pac J Cancer Prev | year= 2015 | volume= 16 | issue= 14 | pages= 5619-24 | pmid=26320426 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26320426 }} </ref> | |||
**Inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumor suppressor genes]] | |||
**Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]] | |||
**Deregulation of [[molecules]] in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]] | |||
*Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes: | |||
**[[Tumor suppressor gene|Tumor suppressor genes]] may be inactivated by: | |||
***[[Mutation]] | |||
***[[Methylation|Hypermethylation]] | |||
***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | |||
**[[Tumor suppressor gene|Tumor suppressor genes]]: | |||
***[[p53]] | |||
***[[p16]] | |||
***p27CIP1 | |||
***[[BRCA2]] | |||
*Activation of [[Oncogene|oncogenes]] | |||
**[[Oncogene|Oncogenes]] may be activated by: | |||
***[[Amplification]] | |||
***[[Point mutation]] | |||
**[[Oncogenes]]: | |||
***[[Ras]] [[oncogene]] | |||
***[[Cyclooxygenase|Cox]]-2 activation | |||
***[[AKT|Akt]]-2 [[gene]] [[amplification]] | |||
***[[Notch]] [[gene]] | |||
***[[Cyclin D1]] | |||
*Deregulation of [[molecules]] in various [[Signal transduction|signaling pathways]]: | |||
**[[Genomics|Genomic]] alterations of [[EGFR]] include the following: | |||
***[[Deletion (genetics)|Deletion]] | |||
***Over-expression | |||
***Rearrangement | |||
***[[Mutation]] | |||
**Deregulation of [[NF-κB]] [[Cell signaling|signaling]] | |||
**Deregulation of [[AKT|Akt]] [[Cell signaling|signaling]] | |||
**Deregulation of [[Hedgehog signaling pathway|Hedgehog]] [[Cell signaling|signaling]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Up-To-Date]] | ||
[[Category:Oncology]] | [[Category:Oncology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 13:55, 14 March 2019
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Pancreatic cancer Microchapters |
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Pancreatic cancer causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Pancreatic cancer causes |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Pancreatic cancer causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Pancreatic cancer may be caused by the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes such as p53, p16, p27CIP1 and BRCA2. Oncogenes such as Ras , Cox-2, Akt-2, Notch and Cyclin D1 may undergo activation and lead to the development of pancreatic cancer. Deregulation and crosstalk between different signal transduction pathways due to genomic alterations also have a proven role in the causation of pancreatic cancer.
Causes
- Pancreatic cancer may be caused by the following:[1][2][3]
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes
- Activation of oncogenes
- Deregulation of molecules in various signaling pathways
- Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes:
- Tumor suppressor genes may be inactivated by:
- Tumor suppressor genes:
- Deregulation of molecules in various signaling pathways:
References
- ↑ Yabar CS, Winter JM (2016). "Pancreatic Cancer: A Review". Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 45 (3): 429–45. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2016.04.003. PMID 27546841.
- ↑ Ryan DP, Hong TS, Bardeesy N (2014). "Pancreatic adenocarcinoma". N Engl J Med. 371 (11): 1039–49. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1404198. PMID 25207767.
- ↑ Goral V (2015). "Pancreatic Cancer: Pathogenesis and Diagnosis". Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 16 (14): 5619–24. PMID 26320426.